Abstract：
:The processes of intraepithelial migration, intraluminal seeding, and field cancerization as models for initiation, spread, and recurrences of urothelial cell carcinoma (UCC) are reviewed in light of recent molecular investigations. The accumulated molecular data on synchronous and metachronous tumors indicate that the majority of recurrent and multiple tumors are monoclonal. Molecular data has also shown the presence of chromosomal and genetic changes in precursor lesions as well as in normal urothelial cells. Genetic-histological mapping of cystectomized bladders has shown that overt tumors occur as local events in areas of genetically altered urothelium. A model is put forward in which the tumor process is initiated by genetically altered but histologically normal cells that produce fields of altered cells by intraepithelial displacement. By the accumulation of further genetic changes the fields of altered urothelium reaches a state of criticality, which locally may produce frank tumors.
journal_name
Semin Cancer Bioljournal_title
Seminars in cancer biologyauthors
Höglund Mdoi
10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.02.002keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2007-06-01 00:00:00pages
225-32issue
3eissn
1044-579Xissn
1096-3650pii
S1044-579X(06)00023-Xjournal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:Chromosomal translocations and genomic instability are universal hallmarks of tumor cells. While the molecular mechanisms leading to the formation of translocations are rapidly being elucidated, a cell biological understanding of how chromosomes undergo translocations in the context of the cell nucleus in vivo is larg...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2006.10.008
更新日期：2007-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The tumor microenvironment (TME) is a complex meshwork of extracellular matrix (ECM) macromolecules filled with a collection of cells including cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), blood vessel associated smooth muscle cells, pericytes, endothelial cells, mesenchymal stem cells and a variety of immune cells. In tumor...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.08.004
更新日期：2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intercellular communication between tumor cells, immune cells and the stroma characterises the tumor microenvironment, which is instrumental for establishing the ecological niche that fosters tumor growth and metastasis. While tumor cell intrinsic STAT3 signaling provides a crucial axis to support cell proliferation a...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.06.001
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dysfunction of the TP53 (p53) gene occurs in most if not all human malignancies. Two principal mechanisms are responsible for this dysfunction; mutation and downregulation of wild-type p53 mediated by MDM2/MDM4. Because of its almost universal inactivation in malignancy, p53 is a highly attractive target for the devel...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.005
更新日期：2020-07-31 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with HIV infection are at increased risk of developing non-Hodgkin lymphoma and Hodgkin lymphoma. While the pathogenesis of these lymphomas is incompletely understood, evidence indicates that immune deregulation, genetic alterations and cytokine production play an important role in HIV lymphomagenesis. The ly...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2015.06.002
更新日期：2015-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:What is the clinical significance of the expression by common human carcinomas of the Thomsen-Friedenreich (TF) antigen? Described as a terminal disaccharide which is a precursor of MN blood group antigens, it was discovered as a laboratory curiosity 60 years ago, yet its cancer-association has only been appreciated i...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Breast cancer is the most common female malignancy and a major cause of death in middle-aged women. A positive family history of breast cancer is one of the strongest risk factors for the disease. In addition, many afflicted breast cancer families are characterized by early onset and bilateral tumors, and also, in som...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2000.0325
更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Angiogenesis plays a pivotal role in cancer progression and is required for tissue invasion and metastasis. Starting with Folkman's initial observations in 1971, basic research continued to shed new molecular insight into this multifaceted process, leading to the development of several anti-angiogenic drugs. To date, ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2017.11.005
更新日期：2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cellular immediate-early genes are rapidly and transiently activated when cells are stimulated with many different growth factors. This review examines the function of a short immediate-early gene regulatory sequence, the Serum Response Element (SRE), that is sufficient for this transient transcriptional activation. T...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The B-cell receptor (BCR) is essential for normal B-cell development and maturation. In an increasing number of B-cell malignancies, BCR signaling is implicated as a pivotal pathway in tumorigenesis. Mechanisms of BCR activation are quite diverse and range from chronic antigenic drive by microbial or viral antigens to...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.09.001
更新日期：2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Prostate specific antigen (PSA) is serine protease produced at high concentrations by normal and malignant prostatic epithelium. It is mainly secreted into seminal fluid, where it digests the gel forming after ejaculation. Only minor amounts of PSA leak out into circulation from the normal prostate, but the release of...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.1998.0086
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:SINE-VNTR-Alus (SVA) are non-autonomous hominid specific retrotransposons that are associated with disease in humans. SVAs are evolutionarily young and presumably mobilized by the LINE-1 reverse transcriptase in trans. SVAs are currently active and may impact the host through a variety of mechanisms including insertio...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.04.001
更新日期：2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:System approaches in biology have a long history. We focus here on the thinking of Paul A. Weiss and Ludwig von Bertalanffy, who contributed a great deal towards making the system concept operable in biology in the early 20th century. To them, considering whole living systems, which includes their organisation or orde...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.05.001
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Nucleotide sequence analysis at five distinct loci across the 140, 000 bp genomes of more than 60 KSHV samples from KS and PEL tumors from North America, Africa, the Middle East, Asia and the Pacific revealed that they cluster into four major subtypes (A, B, C and D) that have close associations with the geographic an...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.1998.0116
更新日期：1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Primary liver cancer is the second most common malignancy, and currently results in 360,000 incident cases, and 350,000 deaths a year in China. For the past four decades, three national surveys on cancer mortality during the periods of 1973-1975, 1990-1992, and 2004-2005 have made it possible to estimate China's past ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2010.11.002
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While current treatment regimens for acute leukemia can dramatically improve patient survival, there remains room for improvement. Due to its roles in cell differentiation, cell survival, and apoptotic signaling, modulation of the cyclic AMP (cAMP) pathway has provided a meaningful target in hematological malignancies...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.02.004
更新日期：2020-02-07 00:00:00
abstract：:Data obtained from cutting-edge research have shown that deregulated epigenetic marks are critical hallmarks of cancer. Rapidly emerging scientific evidence has helped in developing a proper understanding of the mechanisms leading to control of cellular functions, from changes in chromatin accessibility, transcription...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.013
更新日期：2020-07-30 00:00:00
abstract：:Clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) is the most common type of kidney cancer, comprising approximately 75% of all kidney tumors. Recent the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) studies have significantly advanced the molecular characterization of RCC and facilitated the deve...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2018.06.004
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The two major breast cancer susceptibility genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, account for the majority of familial breast-ovarian cancer, but only a modest proportion of breast cancer families without ovarian or male breast cancer. Search for additional breast cancer genes with traditional linkage analysis has so far been unsucc...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.2001.0393
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-encoded small RNA (EBER) is the most abundant EBV viral transcript and is used as a target molecule to detect EBV-infected cells in tissues by in situ hybridization. EBER is expected to form double-stranded RNA-like structures. The results of the present study show that EBER contributes to onc...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.12.007
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Glioblastoma (GBM) is an aggressive and incurable brain tumor; its malignancy has been associated with the activity of tumor infiltrating myeloid cells. Myeloid cells play important roles in the tumor control by the immune response, but also in tumor progression. Indeed, GBM exploits multiple mechanisms to recruit and...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2019.05.014
更新日期：2020-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In animal models complete and permanent eradication of tumors can be achieved by adoptive transfer of tumor specific T cells, combined with interleukin 2. The most active cells are CD8+ cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL), which recognize peptides of 8-10 amino acids in length, bound to the antigen presenting groove of MHC ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Neutrophils in the tumor host may promote tumor progression by enhancing angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis. Granulocytic myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) share many features with neutrophils. Classically, MDSC are viewed as and defined as immunosuppressive cells. In this article we summarize and critically ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.02.007
更新日期：2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Utilization of thermal therapy (hyperthermia) is defined as the application of exogenous heat induction and represents a concept that is far from new as it goes back to ancient times when heat was used for treating various diseases, including malignancies. Such therapeutic strategy has gained even more popularity (ove...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2016.03.004
更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Malignant cancer cells do not act as lone wolves to achieve metastasis, as they exist within a complex ecosystem consisting of an extracellular matrix scaffold populated by carcinoma-associated fibroblasts (CAFs), endothelial cells and immune cells. We recognize local (primary tumor) and distant ecosystems (metastasis...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2013.12.009
更新日期：2014-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Genital human papillomavirus (HPV) infections are the viral sexually transmitted diseases most frequently diagnosed that include anogenital condylomas and squamous intra-$bepithelial lesions, among which the precursors of invasive carcinomas of the uterine cervix. In animal PV models, vaccination against L1 and/or L2 ...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1006/scbi.1999.0147
更新日期：1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Colorectal cancer is highly incident worldwide and presents a health burden with elevated mortality rate despite prevention, detection, and treatment, mainly due to metastatic liver disease. Histological growth patterns of colorectal cancer liver metastases have emerged as a reproducible prognostic factor, with biolog...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2020.07.007
更新日期：2020-07-14 00:00:00
abstract：:Close international collaboration between pediatric oncologists has led to marked improvements in the cure of patients, seen as a long-term overall survival rate of about 80%. Despite this progress, neuroblastoma remains a challenging disease for both clinicians and researchers. Major clinical problems include lack of...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2011.07.002
更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:While the centrality of aberrant cell proliferation in cancer was widely acknowledged long ago, it is only recently that the control of cell death has been recognized as an important target in carcinogenesis. Various lines of evidence now suggest that p53 is a positive regulator of cell death, and particularly of apop...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Overt neoplasia is often the result of a chronic disease process encompassing an extended segment of the lifespan of any species. A common pathway in the natural history of the disease is the appearance of focal proliferative lesions that are known to act as precursors for cancer development. It is becoming increasing...
journal_title：Seminars in cancer biology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.semcancer.2008.03.019
更新日期：2008-10-01 00:00:00
