Inhibitor-binding mode of homobelactosin C to proteasomes: new insights into class I MHC ligand generation.

abstract：:PDZ domains are abundant protein interaction modules and typically recognize a short motif at the C terminus of their ligands, with a few residues in the motif endowing the binding specificity. The sequence-based rules, however, cannot fully account for the specificity between the vast number of PDZ domains and ligand...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pascoe HG,Gutowski S,Chen H,Brautigam CA,Chen Z,Sternweis PC,Zhang X

更新日期：2015-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:From our current understanding of the genetic basis of development and pattern formation in Drosophila and vertebrates it is commonly thought that clusters of Hox genes sculpt the morphology of animals in specific body regions. Based on Hox gene conservation throughout the animal kingdom it is proposed that these gene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kmita-Cunisse M,Loosli F,Bièrne J,Gehring WJ

更新日期：1998-03-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Arteriovenous (AV) malformation (AVM) is a devastating condition characterized by focal lesions of enlarged, tangled vessels that shunt blood from arteries directly to veins. AVMs can form anywhere in the body and can cause debilitating ischemia and life-threatening hemorrhagic stroke. The mechanisms that underlie AVM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Murphy PA,Kim TN,Huang L,Nielsen CM,Lawton MT,Adams RH,Schaffer CB,Wang RA

更新日期：2014-12-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A human beta-globin gene derived from an established human lymphoblast cell line was introduced into murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells by cell fusion. The globin genes in MEL cells are inducible by dimethyl sulfoxide (Me2SO); induction leads to the accumulation of mouse globin mRNA and hemoglobin. Globin mRNA was not...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Pyati J,Kucherlapati RS,Skoultchi AI

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Adenosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cAMP) and guanosine 3':5'-cyclic monophosphate (cGMP) were localized in cells of rat kidney cortex by an immunocytochemical technique before and after perfusion with parathyroid hormone (PTH). In control tissues the cAMP antiserum detected approximately the same intensity of fluor...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dousa TP,Barnes LD,Ong SH,Steiner AL

更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Interaction of the estrogen receptor/ligand complex with a DNA estrogen response element is known to regulate gene transcription. In turn, specific conformations of the receptor-ligand complex have been postulated to influence unique subsets of estrogen-responsive genes resulting in differential modulation and, ultima...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Grese TA,Sluka JP,Bryant HU,Cullinan GJ,Glasebrook AL,Jones CD,Matsumoto K,Palkowitz AD,Sato M,Termine JD,Winter MA,Yang NN,Dodge JA

更新日期：1997-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The structures of the rearranged c-myc gene products derived from a rcp T(12;15) have been investigated in the MPC-11 (IgG2b kappa) plasmacytoma. The rcp T(12;15) in MPC-11 is a reciprocal exchange between the c-myc gene on chromosome 15 and the immunoglobulin gamma 2a switch region (S gamma 2a) on chromosome 12. The ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stanton LW,Yang JQ,Eckhardt LA,Harris LJ,Birshtein BK,Marcu KB

更新日期：1984-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In vitro translation of Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) virion RNA in the messenger-dependent reticulocyte lysate system yielded polypeptides that were not synthesized by translation of RNA from a transformation-defective deletion mutant of RSV. These RSV-specific products migrated on sodium dodecyl sulfate/polyacrylamide ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Beemon K,Hunter T

更新日期：1977-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In the nervous system, glucocorticosteroid hormones play a major role during development and adult life. Myelin-forming cells are among the targets of glucocorticosteroids, which have been shown to promote myelination both in the central and peripheral nervous system. Glucocorticosteroid-stimulated gene transcription ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fonte C,Grenier J,Trousson A,Chauchereau A,Lahuna O,Baulieu EE,Schumacher M,Massaad C

更新日期：2005-10-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Radiation dose rates were evaluated in three areas neighboring a restricted area within a 20- to 50-km radius of the Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant in August-September 2012 and projected to 2022 and 2062. Study participants wore personal dosimeters measuring external dose equivalents, almost entirely from depos...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Harada KH,Niisoe T,Imanaka M,Takahashi T,Amako K,Fujii Y,Kanameishi M,Ohse K,Nakai Y,Nishikawa T,Saito Y,Sakamoto H,Ueyama K,Hisaki K,Ohara E,Inoue T,Yamamoto K,Matsuoka Y,Ohata H,Toshima K,Okada A,Sato H,Kuwa

更新日期：2014-03-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Changes in external light patterns can alter cell activities in peripheral tissues through slow entrainment of the central clock in suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN). It remains unclear whether cells in otherwise photo-insensitive tissues can achieve rapid responses to changes in external light. Here we show that light st...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fan SM,Chang YT,Chen CL,Wang WH,Pan MK,Chen WP,Huang WY,Xu Z,Huang HE,Chen T,Plikus MV,Chen SK,Lin SJ

更新日期：2018-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:The Schiff base adducts of glyceraldehyde with hemoglobin undergo Amadori rearrangement to form stable ketoamine structures; this reaction is similar to the nonenzymic glucosylation of proteins. In the present studies the analogous rearrangement of the Schiff base adducts of glycolaldehyde with proteins has been demon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Acharya AS,Manning JM

更新日期：1983-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In animals, fatty acid desaturases catalyze key reactions in the synthesis of arachidonic acid and other polyunsaturated fatty acids. A search of the Caenorhabditis elegans DNA databases, using the sequences of Arabidopsis genes, identified several putative desaturases. Here we describe the characterization of the fir...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Spychalla JP,Kinney AJ,Browse J

更新日期：1997-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:We have recently purified calorigen, the natural trigger for heat production in the inflorescences of Sauromatum guttatum Schott (voodoo lily), a thermogenic plant, and identified it as salicylic acid. Since then an analytical assay was developed that allows the quantitation of salicylic acid in plant tissues. This as...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Raskin I,Turner IM,Melander WR

更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Wnt signaling is mediated by three classes of receptors, Frizzled, Ryk, and Ror. In Caenorhabditis elegans, Wnt signaling regulates the anterior/posterior polarity of the P7.p vulval lineage, and mutations in lin-17/Frizzled cause loss or reversal of P7.p lineage polarity. We found that pak-1/Pak (p21-activated kinase...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Goh KY,Ng NW,Hagen T,Inoue T

更新日期：2012-09-25 00:00:00

abstract：:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is a recessive disease caused by mutations in the CF transmembrane conductance regulator (CFTR) gene. The most common symptoms include progressive lung disease and chronic digestive conditions. CF is the first human genetic disease to benefit from having five different species of animal models. De...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kim K,Lane EA,Saftien A,Wang H,Xu Y,Wirtz-Peitz F,Perrimon N

更新日期：2020-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：:In photosynthesis, light is captured by antenna proteins. These proteins transfer the excitation energy with almost 100% quantum efficiency to the reaction centers, where charge separation takes place. The time scale and pathways of this transfer are controlled by the protein scaffold, which holds the pigments at opti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Müh F,Madjet Mel-A,Adolphs J,Abdurahman A,Rabenstein B,Ishikita H,Knapp EW,Renger T

更新日期：2007-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:We show here that a cell-wall invertase encoded by the Incw1 gene is regulated at both the transcriptional and posttranscriptional levels by sugars in a heterotrophic cell suspension culture of maize. The Incw1 gene encoded two transcripts: Incw1-S (small) and Incw1-L (large); the size variation was attributable to di...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cheng WH,Taliercio EW,Chourey PS

更新日期：1999-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:For a distribution F on R(p) and a point x in R(p) the simplicial depth D(x), which is the probability that x be inside a random simplex whose vertices are p + 1 independent observations from F, is introduced. D(x) can be viewed as a measure of depth of the point x relative to F, and its empirical version gives rise t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu RY

更新日期：1988-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA containing 5-azacytosine (azaC) has previously been shown to be a potent inhibitor of DNA-cytosine methyltransferases. In this report, we describe experiments which demonstrate that azaC-DNA forms a covalent complex with Hpa II methylase, a bacterial enzyme that methylates the internal C of C-C-G-G sequences. The ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Santi DV,Norment A,Garrett CE

更新日期：1984-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The infection of human cells by laboratory strains of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) can be blocked readily in vitro by recombinant soluble CD4 and CD4-immunoglobulin hybrid molecules. In contrast, infection by primary isolates of HIV-1 is much less sensitive to blocking in vitro by soluble CD4-based mole...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ashkenazi A,Smith DH,Marsters SA,Riddle L,Gregory TJ,Ho DD,Capon DJ

更新日期：1991-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Anti-TRAP (AT) is a small zinc-binding protein that regulates tryptophan biosynthesis in Bacillus subtilis by binding to tryptophan-bound trp RNA-binding attenuation protein (TRAP), thereby preventing it from binding RNA, and allowing transcription and translation of the trpEDCFBA operon. Crystallographic and sediment...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sachleben JR,McElroy CA,Gollnick P,Foster MP

更新日期：2010-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:The RuvC protein of Escherichia coli catalyzes the resolution of recombination intermediates during genetic recombination and the recombinational repair of damaged DNA. Resolution involves specific recognition of the Holliday structure to form a complex that exhibits twofold symmetry with the DNA in an open configurat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bennett RJ,West SC

更新日期：1996-10-29 00:00:00

abstract：:The neighbor-exclusion principle is one of the most general and interesting rules describing intercalative DNA binding by small molecules. It suggests that such binding can only occur at every other base-pair site, reflecting a very large negative cooperativity in the binding process. We have carried out molecular mec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rao SN,Kollman PA

更新日期：1987-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The hydroxyl radical (OH) is the primary oxidant in the troposphere, and the impact of its fluctuations on the methane budget has been disputed in recent years, however measurements of OH are insufficient to characterize global interannual fluctuations relevant for methane. Here, we use a 6,000-y control simulation of...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Turner AJ,Fung I,Naik V,Horowitz LW,Cohen RC

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:A way to assess specific CD8+ T-cell activity in a skin test analogous to the conventional delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) reaction for CD4+ T cells is presented. Local injection of viral class I binding peptides caused a specific CD8+ T-cell-mediated DTH in footpads of virally infected mice. The DTH was inducible...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kündig TM,Althage A,Hengartner H,Zinkernagel RM

更新日期：1992-08-15 00:00:00

abstract：:A procedure using ion exchange chromatography has been developed to detect alterations in a polysaccharide produced by Neurospora crassa. The polysaccharide, isolated from medium that has supported the growth of a culture, is highly responsive to the 3-methyl-2-benzothiazolinone hydrazone assay, indicating a high hexo...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Springer WD,Srb AM

更新日期：1978-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor, a subtype of excitatory amino acid receptor, mediates synaptic responses in many regions of the central nervous system. This receptor plays a critical role in the mechanisms of both synaptic plasticity and excitotoxicity. Although these receptors were generally thought to be a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Monaghan DT,Olverman HJ,Nguyen L,Watkins JC,Cotman CW

更新日期：1988-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The endogenous cannabinoid anandamide is removed from the synaptic space by a high-affinity transport system present in neurons and astrocytes, which is inhibited by N-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-arachidonamide (AM404). After internalization, anandamide is hydrolyzed by fatty-acid amide hydrolase (FAAH), an intracellular membra...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fegley D,Kathuria S,Mercier R,Li C,Goutopoulos A,Makriyannis A,Piomelli D

更新日期：2004-06-08 00:00:00

abstract：:Reversible ligands were attached covalently to membrane-bound acetylcholine receptor from Torpedo marmorata by a method which is generally applicable and does not require the synthesis of specially designed molecules. UV irradiation of the receptor in the presence of [3H]trimethisoquin, [3H]phencyclidine, or [3H]perhy...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oswald R,Changeux JP

更新日期：1981-06-01 00:00:00