Abstract:
:Twenty-six subsurface samples were collected from a borehole at depths of 173.3 to 196.8 m in the saturated zone at the Hanford Site in south-central Washington State. The sampling was performed throughout strata that included fine-grained lacustrine (lake) sediments, a paleosol (buried soil) sequence, and coarse-grained fluvial (river) sediments. A subcoring method and tracers were used to minimize and quantify contamination to obtain samples that were representative of subsurface strata. Sediment samples were tested for total organic carbon, inorganic carbon, total microorganisms by direct microscopic counts, culturable aerobic heterotrophs by plate counts, culturable anaerobes by most-probable-number enumeration, basal respiration rates, and mineralization of (sup14)C-labeled glucose and acetate. Total direct microscopic counts of microorganisms were low, ranging from below detection to 1.9 x 10(sup5) cells g (dry weight)(sup-1). Culturable aerobes and anaerobes were below minimum levels of detection in most samples. Direct microscopic counts, basal respiration rates, and (sup14)C-glucose mineralization were all positively correlated with total organic carbon and were highest in the lacustrine sediments. In contrast to previous subsurface studies, these saturated-zone samples did not have higher microbial abundance and activities than unsaturated sediments sampled from the same borehole, the fine-textured lacustrine sediment had higher microbial numbers and activities than the coarse-textured fluvial sands, and the paleosol samples did not have higher biomass and activities relative to the other sediments. The results of this study expand the subsurface microbiology database to include information from an environment very different from those previously studied.
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Kieft TL,Fredrickson JK,McKinley JP,Bjornstad BN,Rawson SA,Phelps TJ,Brockman FJ,Pfiffner SMdoi
10.1128/AEM.61.2.749-757.1995keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1995-02-01 00:00:00pages
749-57issue
2eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
61pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Pierce's disease is a devastating lethal disease of Vitus vinifera grapevines caused by the bacterium Xylella fastidiosa. There is no cure for Pierce's disease, and control is achieved predominantly by suppressing transmission of the glassy-winged sharpshooter insect vector. We present a simple robust approach for the...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.07807-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Significant knowledge gaps exist in our understanding of Campylobacter jejuni contamination of the poultry production continuum. Microbiological surveillance and genotypic characterization were undertaken on C. jejuni isolates longitudinally recovered from three poultry farms (weekly samples), the abattoir at which bi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02001-20
更新日期:2021-01-15 00:00:00
abstract::Plasmid transfer rates for the conjugative plasmid R388::Tn1721 from Pseudomonas cepacia (donor) to Pseudomonas fluorescens (recipient) on agar media, in broth, and in microcosms containing sterile or nonsterile soil, in the presence or absence of germinating pea seeds, were determined. Donors, recipients, and transco...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.8.3136-3141.1995
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Paenilide is a novel, heat-stable peptide toxin from Paenibacillus tundrae, which colonizes barley. P. tundrae produced 20 to 50 ng of the toxin mg(-1) of cells (wet weight) throughout a range of growth temperatures from +5°C to +28°C. Paenilide consisted of two substances of 1,152 Da and 1,166 Da, with masses and tan...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00049-12
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::An investigation of the Hg2+ resistance mechanism of four freshwater and four coastal marine bacteria that did not hybridize with a mer operonic probe was conducted (T. Barkay, C. Liebert, and M. Gillman, Appl. Environ. Microbiol. 55:1196-1202, 1989). Hybridization with a merA probe, the gene encoding the mercuric red...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.56.6.1695-1701.1990
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Campylobacter jejuni is a foodborne pathogen that is recognized as the leading cause of human bacterial gastroenteritis. The widespread use of antibiotics in medicine and in animal husbandry has led to an increased incidence of antibiotic resistance in Campylobacter In addition to a role in multidrug resistance (MDR),...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01600-17
更新日期:2017-10-31 00:00:00
abstract::One emerging disease of grapevine in Europe is Bois noir (BN), a phytoplasmosis caused by "Candidatus Phytoplasma solani" and spread in vineyards by the planthopper Hyalesthes obsoletus (Hemiptera: Cixiidae). Here we present the first full characterization of the bacterial community of this important disease vector co...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02121-10
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Glycerol fermentation by Enterobacter agglomerans revealed that both growth and 1,3-propanediol production ceased after consumption of about 430 mM glycerol, irrespective of the initial glycerol content. This phenomenon was assigned to the production of 3-hydroxypropionaldehyde, which was identified by proton nuclear ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.4.1448-1451.1996
更新日期:1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The stability of spheroplasts from the osmotrophic yeast Saccharomyces rouxii was studied in buffered solutions of mannitol and glucose. The plasma membranes from cells grown in high glucose concentrations were more stable to osmotic lysis than were membranes from cells grown in lower glucose concentrations. Mannitol ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.39.4.928-931.1980
更新日期:1980-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sulfolobus solfataricus is an aerobic crenarchaeal hyperthermophile with optimum growth at temperatures greater than 80°C and pH 2 to 4. Within the crenarchaeal group of Sulfolobales, N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) has been shown to be a component of exopolysaccharides, forming their biofilms, and of the N-glycan decora...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01879-18
更新日期:2019-01-09 00:00:00
abstract::Rice blast caused by the phytopathogen Magnaporthe grisea poses a serious threat to global food security and is difficult to control. Bacillus species have been extensively explored for the biological control of many fungal diseases. In the present study, the marine bacterium Bacillus subtilis BS155 showed a strong an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00445-18
更新日期:2018-08-31 00:00:00
abstract::Five Pseudomonas aeruginosa strains were tested for the utilization of 47 low-molecular-weight compounds as their sole sources of carbon and energy for growth at a concentration of 2.5 g/liter. Of these compounds, 31 to 35 were consumed. Growth experiments in tap water at 15 degrees C were carried out with one particu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.44.5.1086-1095.1982
更新日期:1982-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concerns regarding the depletion of the world's reserves of oil and global climate change have promoted an intensification of research and development toward the production of biofuels and other alternative sources of energy during the last years. There is currently much interest in developing the technology for third...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.06260-11
更新日期:2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The differential resistance of substratum-attached, detached, and planktonic cells of Salmonella enteritidis phage type 4 was studied by using several inimical processes and in vivo bioluminescence as a nondestructive, real-time reporter of metabolic activity. Bioluminescence in this strain was mediated by a construct...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.5.1731-1738.1995
更新日期:1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The importance of hydrogenase activity to corrosion of steel was assessed by using mixed populations of sulfate-reducing bacteria isolated from corroded and noncorroded oil pipelines. Biofilms which developed on the steel studs contained detectable numbers of sulfate-reducing bacteria (10 increasing to 10/0.5 cm). How...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.10.2804-2809.1991
更新日期:1991-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A method was developed to follow bacterial nitrate reduction in freshwater sediments by using common high-performance liquid chromatographic equipment. The low detection limit (14 pmol) of the method enabled us to study concentration profiles and reaction kinetics under natural conditions. Significant nitrate concentr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.2.217-223.1987
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gene encoding a new thermostable D-stereospecific alanine amidase from the thermophile Brevibacillus borstelensis BCS-1 was cloned and sequenced. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 199 kDa after gel filtration chromatography and about 30 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel ele...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.2.980-986.2003
更新日期:2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A tremorgenic mycotoxin was isolated from Penicillium paraherquei Abe ex G. Smith and identified as verruculogen. It was produced at the rate of approximately 1 mg/g of the dried fungal mycelium cultured on peptone-enriched Czapek-Dox medium at 28 degrees C. ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.32.3.441-442.1976
更新日期:1976-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The composition of the rhizosphere microbiome is a result of interactions between plant roots, soil, and environmental conditions. The impact of genetic variation in plant species on the composition of the root-associated microbiota remains poorly understood. This study assessed the abundances and structures of nitrog...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01778-14
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::We developed a system to monitor the transfer of heterologous DNA from a genetically manipulated strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to Escherichia coli. This system is based on a yeast strain that carries multiple integrated copies of a pUC-derived plasmid. The bacterial sequences are maintained in the yeast genome by...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.65.12.5303-5306.1999
更新日期:1999-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wood-degrading fungi use a sequence of oxidative and hydrolytic mechanisms to loosen lignocellulose and then release and metabolize embedded sugars. These temporal sequences have recently been mapped at high resolution using directional growth on wood wafers, revealing previously obscured dynamics as fungi progressive...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00159-18
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (EHEC) is a significant zoonotic pathogen causing severe disease associated with watery and bloody diarrhea, hemorrhagic colitis, and the hemolytic-uremic syndrome (HUS) in humans. Infections are frequently associated with contact with EHEC-contaminated ruminant feces. Both natural a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01029-13
更新日期:2013-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ensifer adhaerens is a soil bacterium that attaches to other bacteria and may cause lysis of these other bacteria. Based on the sequence of its small-subunit rRNA gene, E. adhaerens is related to Sinorhizobium spp. E. adhaerens ATCC 33499 did not nodulate Phaseolus vulgaris (bean) or Leucaena leucocephala, but with sy...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.67.7.3264-3268.2001
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Continuous centrifugation of large volumes of water from natural southeastern lakes allowed quantitative detection of Legionella pneumophila by direct immunofluorescent staining. Positive samples were injected intraperitoneally into guinea pigs, and the L. pneumophila were isolated and identified by their morphologica...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.6.1239-1242.1979
更新日期:1979-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The scyphozoan Aurelia aurita is recognized as a key player in marine ecosystems and a driver of ecosystem change. It is thus intensely studied to address ecological questions, although its associations with microorganisms remain so far undescribed. In the present study, the microbiota associated with A. aurita was vi...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01601-15
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Thiosulfate-oxidizing sox gene homologues were found at four loci (I, II, III, and IV) on the genome of Bradyrhizobium japonicum USDA110, a symbiotic nitrogen-fixing bacterium in soil. In fact, B. japonicum USDA110 can oxidize thiosulfate and grow under a chemolithotrophic condition. The deletion mutation of the soxY(...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02783-09
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rhizoremediation of organic chemicals requires high-level expression of biodegradation genes in bacterial strains that are excellent rhizosphere colonizers. Pseudomonas fluorescens F113 is a biocontrol strain that was shown to be an excellent colonizer of numerous plant rhizospheres, including alfalfa. Although a deri...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.5.2687-2694.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Wild animals living close to cattle and pig farms (four each) were examined for verocytotoxin-producing Escherichia coli (VTEC; also known as Shiga toxin-producing E. coli). The prevalence of VTEC among the 260 samples from wild animals was generally low. However, VTEC isolates from a starling (Sturnus vulgaris) and a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.70.11.6944-6947.2004
更新日期:2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The MK filter is an electropositively charged filter that can be used to concentrate enteroviruses from large volumes (400 to 1,000 liters) of water. This filter is less expensive than the commonly used 1MDS electropositive filter. In this study, we compared the recovery of poliovirus 1 (PV1) and that of coxsackieviru...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.60.6.1974-1977.1994
更新日期:1994-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Aminopolycarboxylic acids are ubiquitous in natural waters and wastewaters. They have the ability to form very stable water-soluble complexes with many metallic di- or trivalent ions. The iron complex nitrilotriacetic acid-Fe(III) (FeNTA) has been previously shown to increase drastically the rate of photo- and biodegr...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00537-08
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00