Abstract:
:A gene encoding a new thermostable D-stereospecific alanine amidase from the thermophile Brevibacillus borstelensis BCS-1 was cloned and sequenced. The molecular mass of the purified enzyme was estimated to be 199 kDa after gel filtration chromatography and about 30 kDa on sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, indicating that the enzyme could be composed of a hexamer with identical subunits. The purified enzyme exhibited strong amidase activity towards D-amino acid-containing aromatic, aliphatic, and branched amino acid amides yet exhibited no enzyme activity towards L-amino acid amides, D-amino acid-containing peptides, and NH(2)-terminally protected amino acid amides. The optimum temperature and pH for the enzyme activity were 85 degrees C and 9.0, respectively. The enzyme remained stable within a broad pH range from 7.0 to 10.0. The enzyme was inhibited by dithiothreitol, 2-mercaptoethanol, and EDTA yet was strongly activated by Co(2+) and Mn(2+). The k(cat)/K(m) for D-alaninamide was measured as 544.4 +/- 5.5 mM(-1) min(-1) at 50 degrees C with 1 mM Co(2+).
journal_name
Appl Environ Microbioljournal_title
Applied and environmental microbiologyauthors
Baek DH,Kwon SJ,Hong SP,Kwak MS,Lee MH,Song JJ,Lee SG,Yoon KH,Sung MHdoi
10.1128/aem.69.2.980-986.2003keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-02-01 00:00:00pages
980-6issue
2eissn
0099-2240issn
1098-5336journal_volume
69pub_type
杂志文章abstract::A total of 247 clones of 16S rRNA genes from microorganisms captured by 0.2- and 0.1-microm-pore-size filters from sedimentary and granite rock aquifers were amplified and yielded 37 operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Fifteen OTUs captured by 0.1-microm-pore-size filters were affiliated with the candidate divisions O...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.2.1084-1088.2005
更新日期:2005-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The gene cluster that codes for feedback-resistant aspartate kinase (lysCalpha and lysCbeta) and aspartate semialdehyde dehydrogenase (asd) was cloned from a mutant strain of Corynebacterium glutamicum. Its functional analysis by subcloning, enzyme assays, and type of aspartate kinase regulation enabled the isolation ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.57.6.1746-1752.1991
更新日期:1991-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae, an environmental organism, is a facultative human pathogen. Here, we report the virulence profiles, comprising 18 genetic markers, of 102 clinical and 692 environmental V. cholerae strains isolated in Bangladesh between March 2004 and January 2006, showing the variability of virulence determinants wit...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01113-13
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::During a molecular phylogenetic survey of extremely acidic (pH < 1), metal-rich acid mine drainage habitats in the Richmond Mine at Iron Mountain, Calif., we detected 16S rRNA gene sequences of a novel bacterial group belonging to the order Rickettsiales in the Alphaproteobacteria. The closest known relatives of this ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/aem.69.9.5512-5518.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The percentage of azygospores of Gigaspora margarita with zoosporangia of chytridiaceous fungi (CF) was reduced significantly after agitating them in fenaminosulf before incubation in soil. Fenaminosulf did not affect zoosporangia development on chlamydospores of Glomus fasciculatum. Metalaxyl and ethazol were not eff...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.45.4.1306-1309.1983
更新日期:1983-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Four membrane filter methods for the enumeration of fecal coliforms were compared for accuracy, specificity, and recovery. Water samples were taken several times from 13 marine, 1 estuarine, and 4 freshwater sites around Puerto Rico, from pristine waters and waters receiving treated and untreated sewage and effluent f...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.12.2922-2928.1987
更新日期:1987-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of polychlorinated biphenyl (PCB) and phenanthrene stress on glucose uptake by natural microbial populations were examined by the heterotrophic potential technique. Temporal and spatial distributions in glucose uptake velocities were examined for natural samples as well as PCB- and phenanthrene-stressed sa...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.37.5.878-885.1979
更新日期:1979-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In the presence of added sulfate, 2,4-dichlorophenol and 4-chlorophenol were transformed stoichiometrically to 4-chlorophenol and phenol, respectively, in anaerobic freshwater lake sediments between 18 and 40 degrees C. The concomitantly occurring sulfate reduction reduced the initial sulfate concentration from 25 mM ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.10.2735-2737.1989
更新日期:1989-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Isolates of Paecilomyces, Verticillium, Beauveria, and Penicillium species were tested for ability to metabolize a variety of n-alkylbenzenes. Minimum side chain lengths were required for metabolism of these substrates. These were C(4) for the Paecilomyces sp., C(8) for the Verticillium sp., and C(9) for the other two...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.51.2.435-437.1986
更新日期:1986-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The abundant growth of molds and thermophilic actinomycetes in stored hay decreases its quality and can be hazardous for the producer who inhales these contaminants when the moldy hay is fed in closed barns. These microbes are responsible for a respiratory disease called farmer's lung. Products, including bacterial cu...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.61.12.4240-4243.1995
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growing bacteria have a high concentration of ribosomes to ensure sufficient protein synthesis, which is necessary for genome replication and cellular division. To elucidate whether metabolic activity of soil microorganisms is coupled with growth, we investigated the relationship between rRNA and DNA synthesis in a so...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02441-17
更新日期:2018-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::Desulfitobacterium hafniense strain TCE1 is capable of metabolically reducing tetra- and trichloroethenes by organohalide respiration. A previous study revealed that the pce gene cluster responsible for this process is located on an active composite transposon, Tn-Dha1. In the present work, we investigated the effects...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01221-12
更新日期:2012-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A highly selective liquid membrane nitrite microsensor based on the hydrophobic ion-carrier aquocyanocobalt(III)-hepta(2-phenylethyl)-cobrynate is described. The sensor has a tip diameter of 10 to 15 (mu)m. The response is log-linear in freshwater down to 1 (mu)M NO(inf2)(sup-) and in seawater to 10 (mu)M NO(inf2)(sup...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.3.973-977.1997
更新日期:1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Enzymatic digestion in vitro of the Bacillus thuringiensis protoxin presumably releases and activates the toxin in a manner analogous to that which occurs when a B. thuringiensis sporulated fermentation preparation passes through the midgut of a lepidopteran larva. Therefore, a sporulated culture of B. thuringiensis s...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.53.2.416-421.1987
更新日期:1987-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::A gene fragment belonging to the cytochrome P-450 superfamily has been cloned and identified from stationary cultures of the filamentous fungus Phanerochaete chrysosporium by reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR. A set of degenerate primers homologous to highly conserved regions of known cytochrome P-450 sequences were used...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.7.2741-2746.1997
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Yeasts able to grow on d-xylose were screened for the ability to hydrolyze xylan. Xylanase activity was found to be rare; a total of only 19 of more than 250 strains yielded a positive test result. The activity was localized largely in the genus Cryptococcus and in Pichia stipitis and its anamorph Candida shehatae. Th...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.52.2.320-324.1986
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Desulfitobacterium frappieri PCP-1 was induced for ortho- and para-dechlorinating activities by different chlorophenols. Dehalogenation rates ranging from 25 to 1,158 nmol/min/mg of cell protein were observed according to the chlorophenol tested and the position of the chlorine removed. D. frappieri shows a broad subs...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.64.11.4603-4606.1998
更新日期:1998-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Quantitative analysis of genes that code for Dehalococcoides 16S rRNA and chloroethene-reductive dehalogenases TceA, VcrA, and BvcA was done on groundwater sampled from 150 monitoring wells spread over 11 chlorinated ethene polluted European locations. Redundancy analysis was used to relate molecular data to geochemic...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.01482-09
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The sensitivity of different microorganisms, considered as typical representatives of the microflora of soil and water, was established to evaluate the influence of the nonmedical use of antimicrobial agents on bacterial ecology. Only seven strains, six chemoorganotrophs and one chemolithotroph, could be considered as...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.31.3.332-336.1976
更新日期:1976-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The pathogenic oomycete Aphanomyces invadans is the primary etiological agent in ulcerative mycosis, an ulcerative skin disease caused by a fungus-like agent of wild and cultured fish. We developed sensitive PCR and fluorescent peptide nucleic acid in situ hybridization (FISH) assays to detect A. invadans. Laboratory-...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.2.1551-1557.2006
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Gamma irradiation is a nonthermal processing technology that has been used for the preservation of a variety of food products. This technology has been shown to effectively inactivate bacterial pathogens. Currently, the FDA has approved doses of up to 4.0 kGy to control food-borne pathogens in fresh iceberg lettuce an...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.00081-11
更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::A total of 221 strains of Lactobacillus isolated from meat and meat products were screened for antagonistic activities under conditions that eliminated the effects of organic acids and hydrogen peroxide. Nineteen strains of Lactobacillus sake, three strains of Lactobacillus plantarum, and one strain of Lactobacillus c...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.55.8.1901-1906.1989
更新日期:1989-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two methods, digestion and elution, were used to recover parasitic nematodes from 470 flatfish belonging to species in the family Pleuronectidae. Samples of similar fish were collected from market lots; half of each sample was subjected to digestion, and half was subjected to elution (sedimentation). The edible (flesh...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.41.4.912-914.1981
更新日期:1981-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine norovirus (MNV) was used as a surrogate to study resistance of human norovirus to disinfectants used in hospitals. MNV was sensitive to alcohol, alcohol hand rubs, bleach, and povidone iodine-based disinfectant. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR results indicated that the presence of viral RNA did not correla...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.02148-07
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In two intertidal marshes, the vertical distribution in the sediment and inhibition by ammonium of methane oxidation were investigated by slurry incubation experiments. The two sites differ in their dominant vegetation type, i.e., reed and bulrush, and in their heights above sea level. The reed site was elevated with ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.63.12.4734-4740.1997
更新日期:1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacillus subtilis RB14, which showed antibiotic activities against several phytopathogens in vitro by producing the antibiotics iturin A and surfactin, was subjected to a pot test to investigate its ability to suppress damping-off of tomato seedlings caused by Rhizoctonia solani. To facilitate recovery from soil, B. s...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.62.11.4081-4085.1996
更新日期:1996-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Filamentous fungi are widely used for the production of homologous and heterologous proteins. Recently, there has been increasing interest in Aspergillus oryzae because of its ability to produce heterologous proteins in solid-state culture. To provide an overview of protein secretion by A. oryzae in solid-state cultur...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.72.5.3448-3457.2006
更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Growth, survival, and pathogenicity of Klebsiella growing in and on environmental foci were examined. Total coliforms present in raw wastes from pulp mills were in excess of 10(5)/ml, and 60 to 80% were Klebsiella. Fecal coliform counts ranged from 10(1) to 10(5)/ml. Klebsiella isolates from industrial effluents and a...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.34.5.557-563.1977
更新日期:1977-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::A methanotroph (strain 68-1), originally isolated from a trichloroethylene (TCE)-contaminated aquifer, was identified as the type I methanotroph Methylomonas methanica on the basis of intracytoplasmic membrane ultrastructure, phospholipid fatty acid profile, and 16S rRNA signature probe hybridization. Strain 68-1 was ...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.59.4.960-967.1993
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Hepatitis B virus (HBV) is a deadly pathogen that has killed countless people worldwide. Saccharomyces cerevisiae-derived HBV vaccines based upon hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) is highly effective. However, the emergence of vaccine escape mutants due to mutations on the HBsAg and polymerase genes has produced a c...
journal_title:Applied and environmental microbiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/AEM.03695-14
更新日期:2015-02-01 00:00:00