Abstract:
:This study was conducted at the paediatric emergency department of a tertiary care teaching and referral hospital in Kabul, Afghanistan to assess the morbidity and mortality pattern of illness in paediatric population. Afghanistan has one of the highest infant mortality rates in the world, and there is complete breakdown of the health care system in the country because of the continued war. A total of 17,850 children and neonates were seen at the paediatric emergency centre at IGICH, Kabul in one year period from 18 September 2002 to 17 September 2003. The most common illnesses were diarrhoea and respiratory infections. Infectious diseases, neonatal illnesses, and cardiac diseases were other important causes of morbidity. Neonatal deaths formed the major proportion of all deaths. Morbidity and mortality attributable to easily preventable/curable diseases was quite high. There is an urgent need to develop an integrated and effective health care system in the country.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
Prasad ANdoi
10.1136/jech.2005.040147keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2006-01-01 00:00:00pages
20-3issue
1eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738pii
60/1/20journal_volume
60pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:A highly sensitive and simple screening procedure is required for early detection of low birthweight and small for gestational age, especially in developing countries. METHODS:A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate use of symphysis-fundal height for prediction of low birthweight and small for gestational...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1136/jech-2012-202141
更新日期:2013-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The study aimed to examine the concurrence in the variation of monthly numbers of deaths in summer and winter from the four main underlying causes - respiratory, circulatory, neoplastic, and all others - in four countries. In particular, the hypothesis that most non-respiratory concurrent deaths are mis...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.49.4.373
更新日期:1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:(1) To assess the association between birth weight and coronary heart disease (CHD) risk in a cohort of post-menopausal women, (2) to determine the combined effects of birth weight and adult body mass index on CHD, (3) to assess the role of insulin resistance as a mediating factor in the associations. DESIG...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.58.2.120
更新日期:2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of neighbourhood level socioeconomic status (SES) and convenience store concentration on individual level smoking, after consideration of individual level characteristics. DESIGN:Individual sociodemographic characteristics and smoking were obtained from five cross sectional surveys (19...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2004.029041
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The most direct way in which climate change is expected to affect public health relates to changes in mortality rates associated with exposure to ambient temperature. Many countries worldwide experience annual heat-related and cold-related deaths associated with current weather patterns. Future changes in cl...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2013-202449
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the relative admission rates of Asian and non-Asian patients to intensive therapy units (ITUs) in Coventry and to explore the implications of these rates for the transplantation of organs to Asian people. DESIGN:Examination of 1991 census data and a retrospective review of ITU admissions books. ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.50.4.447
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To assess the effect of the Demerit Point System (DPS), introduced in Spain on 1 July 2006, on the number of fatalities due to road traffic accidents, using a methodology that controls for the seasonal variation and trend in the data series. METHODS:Time-series analysis by ARIMA models of 29 113 fatalities ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.082461
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVES:The objectives of this study were to examine (1) trends concerning financial assistance from the national government to local governments, (2) trends regarding death rates and life expectancies among prefectures, and (3) the effect of the national financial adjustment policy in equalising both the reve...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.55.10.748
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Immigrants are sometimes found to have better health than locally born populations. We examined the mortality experience of South Asian origin and white European origin individuals living in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. METHODS:A linked 17-21 year mortality follow-up of a cross-sectional study of European (n=82...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2017-209348
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The purpose of the study was to examine adult body height as an indicator of general health. DESIGN:The study was a survey of a randomly selected sample of the adult Swedish population obtained by the Swedish National Central Bureau of Statistics. PARTICIPANTS:The sample studied was identified in 1980...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.43.4.380
更新日期:1989-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine the risk factors associated with fracture of the distal forearm, and to evaluate the influence of falls on these risks. DESIGN:This was a case-control study. SETTING:Manchester, UK. PARTICIPANTS:The cases were 62 white women aged 45-82 years who had sustained a fracture of the distal forearm a...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.50.3.288
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that racial discrimination impacts health via biological dysregulation due to continual adaptation to chronic psychosocial stress. Therefore, quantifying chronicity is critical for operationalising the relevant aetiological exposure and hence maximising internal validity. Using one of the mos...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211230
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study investigates social inequalities in self-rated health dynamics for working-aged adults in four nations, representing distinct welfare regime types. The aims are to describe average national trajectories of self-rated health over a 7-year period, identify social determinants of cross-sectional and ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.091199
更新日期:2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:An association between socioeconomic status (SES) and the incidence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been found for younger and middle-aged individuals, but studies of this relationship in elderly populations are rare. METHODS:In a population-based cohort in southern Germany (KORA S4/F4: 1223 subjects...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2009.094086
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent authors have suggested that cross-sectional studies of adverse outcome of pregnancy are misleading, and that the only valid method of analysis controls for eventual number of pregnancies. The present study shows, by simple examples, that such a method produces results that cannot be interpreted in the way claim...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.37.1.78
更新日期:1983-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is important to understand the local burden of non-communicable diseases including within-country heterogeneity. The aim of this study was to characterise hypertension and type-2 diabetes profiles across different Peruvian geographical settings emphasising the assessment of modifiable risk factors. METHO...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2015-205988
更新日期:2016-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To study municipal variations in children's injury risk and to assess the impact of safety promotion measures in general municipal, preschool, school, and leisure activity settings, on injury outcome. DESIGN:A cohort study based on individual data on children's consumption of hospital care as a result ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1136/jech.57.9.724
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A case-control study of cancers of the upper alimentary tract was conducted in a hospital to assess the role of several risk factors, including alcohol consumption, which is reported here. Male patients from one community with cancers of the oral cavity (n = 278), pharynx (n = 225), and oesophagus (n = 236) formed the...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.42.2.187
更新日期:1988-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To report on the development of computer assisted methods for linking medical records and record abstracts. DESIGN:The methods include file blocking, to put records in an order which makes searching efficient; matching, which is the process of comparing records to determine whether they do or do not relate ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.47.4.316
更新日期:1993-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To estimate the prevalence of active pulmonary tuberculosis in a homeless population in London and to assess whether those with suspected disease could be integrated into the existing health care system for further follow up and treatment. DESIGN:Voluntary screening programme based on a questionnaire s...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.49.6.629
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To investigate age, period, and cohort effects on functional status. DESIGN:A prospective cohort study with measurements in 1981, 1990, and 1996. SETTING:Three municipalities in north east Finland. PARTICIPANTS:A regionally representative sample of 19 to 63 year old men and women was drawn from the c...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.56.12.905
更新日期:2002-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This paper aims to show that, compared with young women, there is an apparent discrepancy in the reported sexual behaviour of young men and records of their fatherhood. DESIGN:The data come from four studies of the sexual behaviour of young people in various parts of Britain between 1960 and 1990 and from st...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.48.1.52
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of a smoke free programme implemented at the University of Geneva, Switzerland, in 1996. This programme included a prohibition to smoke in university buildings everywhere except in limited areas, and a smoking cessation counselling service. METHODS:Surve...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.53.11.710
更新日期:1999-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social inequality in ischaemic heart disease has been related to socioeconomic position in childhood, early adulthood and late adulthood. However, the impact of relative level of accumulated income periods across adult life course and the potential gender and age differences have not been investigated. The a...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-212043
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::A survey in a London borough showed that 15% of adults living at home were restricted in one or more areas of their lives because of illness. A sample of these adults aged 25 to 75 years was interviewed using a validated medical questionnaire, and the severity of their restrictions was also assessed using a separate i...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.40.1.59
更新日期:1986-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Much of the UK government's 1999 report on teenage pregnancy was by necessity based on rather old or non-longitudinal research. AIM:To examine the associations between risk factors identified in the report and pregnancy at or before age 16 years among young women and partners of young men using the more rec...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.040865
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Mortality, incidence of most diseases, and prevalence of adverse health behaviours follow an inverse gradient with social class. Many proxies for socioeconomic status (SES) exist; however, each bears a different relation to health outcomes, probably following a different aetiological pathway. Additionally, d...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.084723
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to childhood household dysfunction increases the risk of psychiatric morbidity. Although school performance also has been linked with psychiatric morbidity, limited research has considered school performance as a mediating factor. To address this gap in the literature, the current register study exa...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2015-206329
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a paucity of data on the national population-level effectiveness of preventing mother-to-child transmission (PMTCT) programmes in high-HIV-prevalence, resource-limited settings. We assessed national PMTCT impact in South Africa (SA), 2010. METHODS:A facility-based survey was conducted using a strat...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204535
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine the public's knowledge and perception of SARS and the extent to which various precautionary measures have been adopted. DESIGN:Cross sectional survey. SETTING:General population of Hong Kong at the height of the SARS outbreak (29 March to 6 April 2003). PARTICIPANTS:1115 ethnic Chinese adults. ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.57.11.857
更新日期:2003-11-01 00:00:00