Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:To determine the risk factors associated with fracture of the distal forearm, and to evaluate the influence of falls on these risks. DESIGN:This was a case-control study. SETTING:Manchester, UK. PARTICIPANTS:The cases were 62 white women aged 45-82 years who had sustained a fracture of the distal forearm and had attended local hospitals. Two control groups were studied - 50 women who had fallen onto the hand but had not sustained a fracture (recruited from the same source as those with fracture) and 116 women randomly selected from primary care age and sex registers in the catchment area of the hospitals. Both cases and controls were sent a letter inviting them to take part in the study. Data were collected by questionnaire completed by an interviewer. MAIN RESULTS:Compared with the population control group, those with fracture were more likely to walk at a brisk pace (odds ratio (OR) = 3.5; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.3, 9.6) though they had undertaken less physical activity at home or work on a daily basis throughout life (OR = 0.4; 95% CI 0.2, 0.9). The risk associated with brisk walking was less marked when the cases were compared with fall controls. Other lifestyle factors including calcium intake, smoking, and alcohol consumption were not associated with fracture. Analysis of gynaecological and hormonal factors suggested that compared with population controls, those with fracture of the distal forearm had had fewer fertile years (OR = 0.4; 95% CI 0.1, 0.9) and were less likely to have used oral contraceptives (OR = 0.3; 95% CI 0.1, 0.9). CONCLUSIONS:The data highlight the need for caution when advising middle aged and elderly subjects about exercise. Such advice should be combined with practical information about the prevention of falls. Hormonal factors seem to be additional determinants of fracture. Other lifestyle interventions seem unlikely to play an important part in preventing distal forearm fracture.
journal_name
J Epidemiol Community Healthjournal_title
Journal of epidemiology and community healthauthors
O'Neill TW,Marsden D,Adams JE,Silman AJdoi
10.1136/jech.50.3.288subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1996-06-01 00:00:00pages
288-92issue
3eissn
0143-005Xissn
1470-2738journal_volume
50pub_type
杂志文章abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:Northern Ireland has the highest standardised mortality ratios for colon cancer in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland has some of the highest mortality rates for cancer in the world. The aim of the study therefore was to investigate trends in colorectal cancer in the north and south of Irela...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.44.3.220
更新日期:1990-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim of the study was to examine a cohort of cases of childhood cancer occurring in a defined geographical area to try to identify clustering and possible causative factors. DESIGN:Data were analysed using the close pair method developed by Knox for signs of clustering in relation to date and place ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.44.1.55
更新日期:1990-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::A random sample of 617 primiparas was identified from birth notifications over a 12 month period and 534 of these were interviewed four weeks after confinement. Those breast feeding at the time of interview were contacted again at four months and those still breast feeding then were contacted at six and a half months....
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.37.2.89
更新日期:1983-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of mortality data in the form of standardised mortality ratios (SMRs) to measure the need for health care resources in the Resource Allocation Working Party (RAWP) formula in England has been criticised for underestimating the wider effects of adverse socioeconomic conditions on need, particularly in inner cit...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.43.2.191
更新日期:1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Office of Population Censuses and Surveys Longitudinal Study provides reliable mortality data by a much wider range of characteristics than are available for other national sources. Although it is based on only a 1% sample of the population, it broadens the scope of mortality analysis and permits study of changes ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.36.2.69
更新日期:1982-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This paper aims to show that, compared with young women, there is an apparent discrepancy in the reported sexual behaviour of young men and records of their fatherhood. DESIGN:The data come from four studies of the sexual behaviour of young people in various parts of Britain between 1960 and 1990 and from st...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.48.1.52
更新日期:1994-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:Micronutrient deficiencies have become rare in industrialised countries as availability of fresh food, supplementation, and fortification have improved but a less favourable situation may still prevail in many developing countries. Blood thiamin status and determinants were therefore investigated in the...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.52.4.237
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Average paternal age in the UK is increasing. The public health implications of this trend have not been widely anticipated or debated. This commentary aims to contribute to such a debate. Accumulated chromosomal aberrations and mutations occurring during the maturation of male germ cells are thought to be responsible...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2005.045179
更新日期:2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ovarian cancer is one of the most common gynaecological neoplasms, especially in industrialised countries. The aetiology of the disease is not well understood, except that inherited mutations in the breast cancer genes BRCA-1 and BRCA-2 account for up to 10% of all cases, and child-bearing, oral contraceptive use and ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.047894
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to compare the Office of Population Censuses and Surveys (OPCS) notification system for congenital malformation surveillance and the Liverpool Congenital Malformations Registry (LCMR) with respect to efficiency and uniformity of ascertainment, diagnostic accuracy, and overreporting of minor ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.45.4.294
更新日期:1991-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To assess the impact of childhood and adulthood socioeconomic position (SEP) across 20 causes of death in a large population-wide sample of Norwegian men and women. METHODS:Census data on parental occupational class from 1960 and data from the tax register on household income in 1990 were linked to the death...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.052811
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to explore the impact of mid-life income and old-age pensions on the risk of mortality in later life. Furthermore, the study explored whether income inequalities in old-age mortality can be explained by differences in early childhood development, social class during childhood, educa...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2010.131177
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Spain has recently become an inward migration country. Little is known about the occupational health of immigrant workers. This study aimed to explore the perceptions that immigrant workers in Spain had of their working conditions. METHODS:Qualitative, exploratory, descriptive study. Criterion sampling. Dat...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.077016
更新日期:2009-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this paper is to synthesise findings on the salutogenic concept, sense of coherence (SOC), and its correlation with quality of life (QoL). This study is descriptive and analytic, with a systematic integration of the contemporary knowledge base on the salutogenic research published in 1992-2003. This review ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.056028
更新日期:2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity implies costs not only for the individual but also for society. The authors explore the opinions of stakeholders on the potential of taxes or subsidies, as measures for tackling obesity in Europe. METHODS:Structured interviews were conducted using Multicriteria Mapping, a computer-based, decision-su...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2008.079228
更新日期:2010-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Few studies have examined the causal relationship between transport mode and body mass index (BMI). METHODS:We examined between-person differences and within-person changes in BMI by transport mode over four time points between 2007 and 2013. Data were from the How Areas in Brisbane Influence HealTh and AcT...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2017-209957
更新日期:2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:This study is the first to examine the relationship between gender and self-assessed health (SAH), and the extent to which this varies by socioeconomic position in different European welfare state regimes (Liberal, Corporatist, Social Democratic, Southern). METHODS:The EUROTHINE harmonised data set (based o...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2007.070292
更新日期:2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:A chemical spill from an oil refinery exposed the local community to more than 40,000 lb of highly toxic and corrosive hydrofluoric acid. A community based symptom prevalence study found an association between exposure and physical symptoms: the psychological impact of the disaster and its potential eff...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.48.6.560
更新日期:1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In the context of fiscal austerity in many European welfare states, policy innovation often takes the form of 'social investment', a contested set of policies aimed at strengthening labour markets. Social investment policies include employment subsidies, skills training and job-finding services, early childh...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211283
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:This paper addresses the environmental justice implications of children's health by exploring racial/ethnic disparities in potential exposure to air pollution, based on both school and home locations of children and three different types of pollution sources, in Orange County, Florida, USA. METHODS:Usi...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.054130
更新日期:2007-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Immigrants are sometimes found to have better health than locally born populations. We examined the mortality experience of South Asian origin and white European origin individuals living in Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. METHODS:A linked 17-21 year mortality follow-up of a cross-sectional study of European (n=82...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2017-209348
更新日期:2017-07-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Studies suggest that racial discrimination impacts health via biological dysregulation due to continual adaptation to chronic psychosocial stress. Therefore, quantifying chronicity is critical for operationalising the relevant aetiological exposure and hence maximising internal validity. Using one of the mos...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2018-211230
更新日期:2019-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To investigate diagnosis-specific sick leave as a risk marker for subsequent disability pension. DESIGN:A prospective population based cohort study. Exposure to a new medically certified sick leave episode of more than seven days by diagnosis during 1985 was examined in relation to incident cause-specific di...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2006.055426
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:It has been frequently noted that overweight and obesity have a stronger relationship to hypertension and diabetes mellitus than to the risk of stroke. The reason for this observation has not been clear. This study aimed to examine the lifelong relation between body fat and stroke to shed light on why t...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1136/jech.49.3.259
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:To examine the use of deprivation indices in relation to health. DESIGN:This paper reviews selected publications which illustrate the diversity of use of deprivation indices in the past decade. Most of this work is based in the major routine databases which exist in this country: the census, population...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1136/jech.49.suppl_2.s3
更新日期:1995-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to investigate suicide and "undetermined" deaths by age, economic activity status, and social class in Great Britain among males of working age. DESIGN:The study was a cross sectional analysis of Registrar General's data for England and Wales around 1981, repeated for around 1971, and for S...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.45.3.195
更新日期:1991-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Over the last decades of the 20th century, a widening of the gap in death rates between upper and lower socioeconomic groups has been reported for many European countries. For most countries, it is unknown whether this widening has continued into the first decade of the 21st century. METHODS:We collected an...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech-2014-204319
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:STUDY OBJECTIVE:The aim was to assess the risk of back symptoms in people admitted to hospital because of traffic accidents and falls. DESIGN:The study was a cross sectional survey with information collected by postal questionnaire. Main outcome measures were associations between hospital admission for a traffic accid...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.46.3.231
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acute myocardial infarction (AMI; ICD9-CM 410*) is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality all over the world, and its community surveillance is essential to monitor variation in the occurrence of the disease. Between the late 1990s and the early 2000s more sensitive and specific biomarkers of myocardial ...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2010.110908
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Social gradients and ethnic disparities have been reported in some forms of intellectual and developmental disabilities. However, information on the association between area deprivation, ethnicity and other forms of intellectual and developmental disabilities are inconclusive. AIM:To estimate the independen...
journal_title:Journal of epidemiology and community health
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1136/jech.2010.111773
更新日期:2012-03-01 00:00:00