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Composition and structure of microbial communities from stromatolites of Hamelin Pool in Shark Bay, Western Australia.

Abstract：

:Stromatolites, organosedimentary structures formed by microbial activity, are found throughout the geological record and are important markers of biological history. More conspicuous in the past, stromatolites occur today in a few shallow marine environments, including Hamelin Pool in Shark Bay, Western Australia. Hamelin Pool stromatolites often have been considered contemporary analogs to ancient stromatolites, yet little is known about the microbial communities that build them. We used DNA-based molecular phylogenetic methods that do not require cultivation to study the microbial diversity of an irregular stromatolite and of the surface and interior of a domal stromatolite. To identify the constituents of the stromatolite communities, small subunit rRNA genes were amplified by PCR from community genomic DNA with universal primers, cloned, sequenced, and compared to known rRNA genes. The communities were highly diverse and novel. The average sequence identity of Hamelin Pool sequences compared to the >200,000 known rRNA sequences was only approximately 92%. Clone libraries were approximately 90% bacterial and approximately 10% archaeal, and eucaryotic rRNA genes were not detected in the libraries. The most abundant sequences were representative of novel proteobacteria (approximately 28%), planctomycetes ( approximately 17%), and actinobacteria (approximately 14%). Sequences representative of cyanobacteria, long considered to dominate these communities, comprised <5% of clones. Approximately 10% of the sequences were most closely related to those of alpha-proteobacterial anoxygenic phototrophs. These results provide a framework for understanding the kinds of organisms that build contemporary stromatolites, their ecology, and their relevance to stromatolites preserved in the geological record.

journal_name

Appl Environ Microbiol

journal_title

Applied and environmental microbiology

authors

Papineau D,Walker JJ,Mojzsis SJ,Pace NR

doi

10.1128/AEM.71.8.4822-4832.2005

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2005-08-01 00:00:00

pages

4822-32

issue

eissn

0099-2240

issn

1098-5336

pii

71/8/4822

journal_volume

pub_type

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Composition and structure of microbial communities from stromatolites of Hamelin Pool in Shark Bay, Western Australia.