Abstract：
:The Chinese hamster dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) origin consists of many inefficient initiation sites scattered throughout a 55-kb intergenic spacer, with the ori-beta, ori-beta', and ori-gamma subregions being preferred. To test for the presence of genetic replicators within these subregions, fragments containing ori-beta, ori-beta', or, as a negative control, a fragment from the DHFR gene that never initiates in loco were placed at ectopic chromosomal positions. Two-dimensional gel analysis demonstrates that initiation occurs in all three fragments, including the fragment from the gene, and appears to occur at different positions within each fragment in different cells in the population. However, initiation is not detectable in the adjacent, transcribed, neomycin-resistance marker. When a cosmid containing an active DHFR gene was inserted into an ectopic chromosomal site, initiation could no longer be observed in the body of the gene, but was clearly evident in the transcriptionally-silent bacterial vector sequences. In the thirteen independent chromosomal positions into which the four different constructs were inserted, initiation occurred in early S-phase. Since these loci necessarily had to be permissive for transcription of the neo(r) marker or DHFR gene used to select transfectants, it is possible that early-firing origin activity and local transcription are somehow linked. In total, these data suggest that potential initiation sites are distributed at very frequent intervals in the mammalian genome, with usage being regulated both positively and negatively by local transcription.
journal_name
Exp Cell Resjournal_title
Experimental cell researchauthors
Lin HB,Dijkwel PA,Hamlin JLdoi
10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.04.012keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-08-01 00:00:00pages
53-64issue
1eissn
0014-4827issn
1090-2422pii
S0014-4827(05)00188-6journal_volume
308pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Despite over 30 years of work, the fundamental structure of eukaryotic chromatin remains controversial. Here, we review the roots of this controversy in disparities between results derived from studies of chromatin in nuclei, chromatin isolated from nuclei, and chromatin reconstituted from defined components. Thanks t...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.02.014
更新日期：2012-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The mechanisms that structure the mammalian endoplasmic reticulum (ER) network are not fully understood. Here we show that salt extraction of semi-intact normal rat kidney (NRK) fibroblasts and subsequent incubation of the extracted cells with ATP resulted in dramatic ER network retraction. Under these conditions, add...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2008.06.005
更新日期：2008-08-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The first angiogenesis inhibitors for cancer have now been approved by the F.D.A. in the U.S. and in 28 other countries, including China. The majority of these are monotherapies that block VEGF. However, mutant tumor cells may over time produce redundant angiogenic factors. Therefore, for long-term use in cancer, comb...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.11.015
更新日期：2006-03-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Wnt proteins are important regulators of embryonic development, and dysregulated Wnt signalling is involved in the oncogenesis of several human cancers. Our knowledge of the downstream target genes is limited, however. We used a chromatin immunoprecipitation-based assay to isolate and characterize the actual gene segm...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2009.06.021
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:N-methyl-d-aspartate (NMDA) subtype of glutamate receptors plays an important role during brain development and receptor activation has been shown to promote neuronal survival. The mechanisms by which NMDA increases neuronal survival are not fully understood. Here, we show that treatment with low concentrations of NMD...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2003.12.026
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cholesterol and related compounds can give rise to oxygenated sterol molecules (oxysterols) which are potent regulators of lymphoid cell growth. Oxysterols added exogenously cause cell death of several lines of cultured cells, and on the basis of limited criteria, it has been suggested that this death is apoptosis. In...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.1997.3630
更新日期：1997-08-25 00:00:00
abstract：:In the present study, we have tested the influence of inhibition of endocytosis by hypertonic medium on the regulation of cell surface insulin receptors. We show that active internalization of 125I-insulin is markedly inhibited by hypertonic media and that, in parallel, cell surface invaginations are significantly dim...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4827(89)90034-7
更新日期：1989-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have searched for brain-specific extracellular molecules using a library of monoclonal antibodies against surface antigens of differentiated PC12h cells. One of the monoclonal antibodies, PCH42-14, recognized a 27/26-kDa protein of 10-week-old rat brain on immunoblotting. PCH42-14 antigen was detected only in brain...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4827(91)90549-a
更新日期：1991-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:T cell polarization and redistribution of cellular components are critical to processes such as activation, migration, and potentially HIV infection. Here, we investigate the effects of CD4 engagement on the redistribution and localization of chemokine receptors, CXCR4 and CCR5, adhesion molecules, and lipid raft comp...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.11.022
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this communication, we have studied a 72,000 mol w (p72) host protein which reacts with a mouse monoclonal antibody (PAb6) directed against antigenic determinants on the Simian virus 40 (SV40) large T antigen protein that map 5' of 0.42 map units on the viral genome. The p72 protein is an abundant basic (pI greater...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4827(88)90398-9
更新日期：1988-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The RAI gene is also known as iASPP and PPP1R13L. Recent investigations have shown that the region encompassing RAI is important for the development of cancer in young and middle-aged persons. It has been speculated that the RAI product induces apoptosis by blocking NF-kappaB or inhibits apoptosis by blocking p53. Eit...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2007.05.006
更新日期：2007-07-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The biosynthesis of 6(R)-5,6,7,8-tetrahydrobiopterin (BH4) in murine erythroleukemia (MEL) cells is almost completely inhibited by 10 mM, 2,4-diamino-6-hydroxypyrimidine (DAHP), which targets GTP cyclohydrolase. The inhibition results in dephosphorylation of the retinoblastoma gene product, prolongation of the G1-phas...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.1996.0021
更新日期：1996-01-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The calcium/calmodulin-dependent protein phosphatase calcineurin is required for the induction of transcriptional events that initiate and promote myogenic differentiation. An important effector for calcineurin in striated muscle is the transcription factor myocyte enhancer factor 2 (MEF2). The targeting of the enzyme...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.12.016
更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The degree of polymorphism, i.e., DNA sequence divergence, of short AT-rich tandemly arranged simple sequence repeats at or near promoters and 5'- untranslated regions of mRNA may quantitatively regulate transcription of tissue-specific genes. Less polymorphic repeats allow greater gene expression. Preferential bindin...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2020.111969
更新日期：2020-05-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The subcellular distribution of tissue transglutaminase in human umbilical vein endothelial cells and human arterial and venous smooth muscle cells was examined. Double-immunofluorescence staining of smooth muscle cells and endothelial cells with anti-transglutaminase antisera and rhodamine-tagged phalloidin revealed ...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.1996.3448
更新日期：1997-02-25 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) develop a spectrum of B cell lymphoproliferative disorders ranging from polyclonal B cell activation to B cell lymphomas. While a direct role of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is well recognized for most of these lesions, recent findings have suggested that ...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.01.018
更新日期：2004-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) plays an important role in breast cancer cell metastasis. Both (megakaryoblastic leukemia)/myocardin-like 1 (MKL-1) and Signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) have been implicated in the control of cellular metabolism, survival and growth. Our previous study ...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2017.05.007
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:MIST1 is a transcription factor expressed in pancreatic acinar cells and other serous exocrine cells. Mice harboring a targeted deletion of the Mist1 gene (Mist1(-/-)) exhibit alterations in acinar regulated exocytosis and aberrant Ca(2+) signaling that are normally controlled by acinar cell Ca(2+)-ATPases. Previous s...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2010.06.014
更新日期：2010-10-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Skin extracellular matrix (ECM) molecules regulate a variety of cellular activities, including cell movement, which are central to wound healing and metastasis. Regulated cell movement is modulated by proteases and their associated molecules, including the serine proteases urinary-type plasminogen activator (uPA) and ...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.2002.5644
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cisplatin resistance in cancer cells is due to a pleiotropic phenotype transition that allows cells to resist cell death. miRNAs have been shown to be reliable markers of phenotype, critical in cell differentiation, and dysregulated in cancer and other pathologies. Here we investigate the influence of miRNA on cisplat...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2012.10.012
更新日期：2013-02-15 00:00:00
abstract：:Alpha-smooth muscle actin (SMA), an actin isoform that contributes to cell-generated mechanical tension, is normally restricted to cells of vascular smooth muscle, but SMA can also be expressed in certain non-muscle cells, most notably myofibroblasts. These cells are present in healing wounds, scars, and fibrocontract...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2005.11.004
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Podosome formation in vascular smooth muscle cells is characterized by the recruitment of AFAP-110, p190RhoGAP, and cortactin, which have specific roles in Src activation, local down-regulation of RhoA activity, and actin polymerization, respectively. However, the molecular mechanism that underlies their specific recr...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.yexcr.2009.06.012
更新日期：2009-09-10 00:00:00
abstract：:The technique of fiber DNA measurement was used to study the possibility that the lengthening of the DNA "S" phase previously reported for mouse premeiotic spermatogonia was due to a reduced number of initiation sites. The mean replicon size of neonatal mouse preleptotene cells was similar to sizes reported for adult ...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4827(83)90130-1
更新日期：1983-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The sensitivity to serine proteinases of cellular proteins involved in cell-matrix adhesion was investigated using C32 melanoma cells. Cells dissociated from monolayers by the metal chelator ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid were incubated with proteolytic enzymes, and then attachment was quantified by standard cell adh...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.1993.1226
更新日期：1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous studies have established that Schwann cells (SC) in culture express an NGF receptor. In this study, cultures of fetal human SC were established from fetal nerves and various light microscopic (LM) and electron microscopic (EM) techniques were used to localize the NGF receptor on the SC. Results indicate that ...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4827(89)90253-x
更新日期：1989-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein (RB) is activated/dephosphorylated to mediate cell cycle inhibition in response to antimitogenic signals. To elucidate the mode of RB action at this critical transition, we utilized cell lines that can be induced to express a constitutively active allele of RB (PSM-RB). As e...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.2002.5510
更新日期：2002-06-10 00:00:00
abstract：:Bradykinin stimulates [3H]thymidine incorporation and DNA synthesis in resting, serum-deprived NIL8 hamster cells. The ED50 for this stimulation is 4.52 +/- 2.91 nM. Other kinin peptides including lys-bradykinin (kallidin) and met-lys-bradykinin also stimulate [3H]thymidine incorporation in the NIL8 cells, whereas des...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/0014-4827(84)90358-6
更新日期：1984-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We report here the first direct observation of chemotaxis to EGF by rat mammary carcinoma cells. When exposed to a gradient of EGF diffusing from a micropipette, MTLn3 cells displayed typical ameboid chemotaxis, extending a lamellipod-like protrusion and moving toward the pipette. Using a homogeneous upshift in EGF to...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.1998.4031
更新日期：1998-06-15 00:00:00
abstract：:The interaction between the central cell-binding domain (CBD) of fibronectin (FN) and its receptor integrin alpha 5 beta 1 was analyzed by both ligand-binding and cell adhesion assays. The ligands used were a CBD fragment (pCBD) of human plasma fibronectin and its recombinant versions including wild type CBD (wtCBD) a...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.1995.1033
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Renal expression of the aldolase B isoenzyme and transcription factors previously shown to regulate the aldolase B gene promoter in the liver were analyzed in whole kidney, microdissected tubules, and the two PKSV-PCT and PKSV-PR proximal tubule cell lines derived from transgenic mice. Aldolase B gene expression appea...
journal_title：Experimental cell research
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/excr.1995.1046
更新日期：1995-02-01 00:00:00
