Abstract:
:Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in cellular invasion and growth. Recent observations on tumor tissue samples suggest that MMP activity is altered in relation to cell density. Therefore, we examined MMP(-1,-2,-3,-8,-9,-10,-11 and -13) and TIMP-1/-2 expression of well-defined cell densities in breast carcinoma cell lines with differing in vivo tumorigenicity/invasiveness (MCF-7 < MDA-MB-468 < MDA-MB-231 < MDA-MB-435). Chemoinvasion assays were performed to link the in vitro data to the in vivo behavior. In accord with previous in vivo data, expression levels of most MMPs decreased significantly with increasing cell density and correlated well with a lower in vitro invasiveness of confluent cells. Since these data suggested that cell density regulates transcription and the promoter regions of most MMPs have AP-1 transcription factor binding consensus sequences, we tested whether functional AP-1 protein was involved in the mechanism of MMP downregulation by cell density. A role for AP-1 was confirmed by over-expression of c-Jun and c-fos in confluent MDA-MB-231 cells, showing with c-Jun increased MMP-2 (5-fold), MMP-3 (1.6-fold), and MMP-9 (160-fold) expression, as well as enhanced invasive potential, while TIMP-1 expression was down-regulated (2-fold) when compared to vector controls. Our data provide clear evidence that cell density regulates major MMPs and TIMPs which are controlled by AP-1 activity so that ultimately a major regulation pathway for the control of the invasive potential of tumor cells is presented.
journal_name
Exp Cell Resjournal_title
Experimental cell researchauthors
Bachmeier BE,Albini A,Vené R,Benelli R,Noonan D,Weigert C,Weiler C,Lichtinghagen R,Jochum M,Nerlich AGdoi
10.1016/j.yexcr.2004.12.019keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2005-04-15 00:00:00pages
83-98issue
1eissn
0014-4827issn
1090-2422pii
S0014-4827(04)00749-9journal_volume
305pub_type
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