Decline in lung function in the Busselton Health Study: the effects of asthma and cigarette smoking.

abstract：:Until recently it was thought that age greater than 35 yr was the main risk factor for the development of drug-induced hepatitis (DIH) in patients receiving antituberculosis therapy. We conducted a study to determine whether infection with either the hepatitis C virus or the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) were sig...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Ungo JR,Jones D,Ashkin D,Hollender ES,Bernstein D,Albanese AP,Pitchenik AE

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Nasal polyps (NPs) are characterized by intense edema or formation of pseudocysts filled with plasma proteins, mainly albumin. However, the mechanisms underlying NP retention of plasma proteins in their submucosa remain unclear. OBJECTIVES:We hypothesized that formation of a fibrin mesh retains plasma protei...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Takabayashi T,Kato A,Peters AT,Hulse KE,Suh LA,Carter R,Norton J,Grammer LC,Cho SH,Tan BK,Chandra RK,Conley DB,Kern RC,Fujieda S,Schleimer RP

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Spirometric detection of airway obstruction in adults requires separate predictive formulae for each ethnicity and sex for percentage of FEV(1)/FVC (%FEV(1)/FVC) and percentage of FEV(3)/FVC (%FEV(3)/FVC), the major measurements for defining airway obstruction. OBJECTIVES:To eliminate the need for multiple f...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hansen JE,Sun XG,Wasserman K

更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:In a prospective study, we screened specimens from 190 mechanically ventilated patients hospitalized in a surgical intensive care unit, and from the environment to assess risks and routes of colonization/infection. Specimens from various sites were collected on admission and once a week throughout each patient's stay....

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Talon D,Mulin B,Rouget C,Bailly P,Thouverez M,Viel JF

更新日期：1998-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We hypothesized that variation in extubating brain injured patients would affect the incidence of nosocomial pneumonia, length of stay, and hospital charges. In a prospective cohort of consecutive, intubated brain-injured patients, we evaluated daily: intubation status, spontaneous ventilatory parameters, gas exchange...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Coplin WM,Pierson DJ,Cooley KD,Newell DW,Rubenfeld GD

更新日期：2000-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Most randomized trials in critical care report no mortality benefit; this may reflect competing pathogenic mechanisms, patient heterogeneity, or true ineffectiveness of interventions. We hypothesize that in acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), randomizing only those patients who show a favorable physiological r...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Goligher EC,Kavanagh BP,Rubenfeld GD,Ferguson ND

更新日期：2015-12-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a treatable sleep disorder that is associated with alterations in glucose metabolism in individuals without diabetes, is a highly prevalent comorbidity of type 2 diabetes. However, it is not known whether the severity of OSA is a predictor of glycemic control in patients with di...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Aronsohn RS,Whitmore H,Van Cauter E,Tasali E

更新日期：2010-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on serial lung function measurements performed in 142 children (68 males; 74 females) with cystic fibrosis (CF), prospectively evaluated over an age range of 6 to 20 years, we attempted to determine whether the lung clearance index (LCI) as a measure of ventilation inhomogeneities could be a discriminating facto...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Kraemer R,Blum A,Schibler A,Ammann RA,Gallati S

更新日期：2005-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Acute lung injury (ALI) acts as a complex genetic trait, yet its genetic risk factors remain incompletely understood. Large-scale genotyping has not previously been reported for ALI. OBJECTIVES:To identify ALI risk variants after major trauma using a large-scale candidate gene approach. METHODS:We performed...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Meyer NJ,Li M,Feng R,Bradfield J,Gallop R,Bellamy S,Fuchs BD,Lanken PN,Albelda SM,Rushefski M,Aplenc R,Abramova H,Atochina-Vasserman EN,Beers MF,Calfee CS,Cohen MJ,Pittet JF,Christiani DC,O'Keefe GE,Ware LB,May AK

更新日期：2011-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Most of the studies linking chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) with oxidative stress are in vitro, using invasive techniques, or measuring systemic oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to quantify oxidative stress in the lungs in patients with COPD and in healthy smokers, as reflected by 8-isoprostane...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Montuschi P,Collins JV,Ciabattoni G,Lazzeri N,Corradi M,Kharitonov SA,Barnes PJ

更新日期：2000-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Partial liquid ventilation (PLV) has been shown to be an effective means of improving oxygenation in the injured lung. However, little is known about how approach to ventilation during PLV affects gas exchange and pulmonary mechanics. We hypothesized that gas exchange and pulmonary mechanics would be best with positiv...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Fujino Y,Kirmse M,Hess D,Kacmarek RM

更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Decreases in gastric mucosal pH (pHi) are associated with splanchnic hypoxia in animals and with increased mortality in patients. In the present study we measured changes in gastric pHi with a tonometer in septic patients after a short-term infusion of dobutamine. These changes were compared with concurrent alteration...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Gutierrez G,Clark C,Brown SD,Price K,Ortiz L,Nelson C

更新日期：1994-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The upper airway undergoes progressive changes during childhood. Using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), we studied the growth relationships of the tissues surrounding the upper airway (bone and soft tissues) in 92 normal children (47% males; range, 1 to 11 yr) who underwent brain MRI. None had symptoms of sleep-disor...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Arens R,McDonough JM,Corbin AM,Hernandez ME,Maislin G,Schwab RJ,Pack AI

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Qualitatively the mechanical, structural, and biochemical properties of airway smooth muscles resemble those of all other smooth muscle. However, one important distinguishing feature of airway smooth muscle is that the major portion of isotonic shortening is completed within the first 3 s in a muscle whose contraction...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Stephens NL,Li W,Wang Y,Ma X

更新日期：1998-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Lung transplant (LTx) recipients have a low peak work rate, peak oxygen consumption (V O2peak), and early lactate threshold on incremental exercise. We hypothesized that LTx recipients have reduced oxidative function and altered fiber type proportion in peripheral skeletal muscle. Seven stable LTx recipients and seven...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Wang XN,Williams TJ,McKenna MJ,Li JL,Fraser SF,Side EA,Snell GI,Walters EH,Carey MF

更新日期：1999-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of addition of montelukast to inhaled fluticasone propionate (FP) therapy, compared with FP therapy alone (100 microg twice a day) on airway immunopathology in individuals with mild asthma. Twenty-eight subjects received FP (100 microg twice a day) or FP (100 microg t...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： O'Sullivan S,Akveld M,Burke CM,Poulter LW

更新日期：2003-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is characterized by chronic airflow limitation caused by a combination of airways disease (bronchiolitis) and parenchymal destruction (emphysema), whose relative proportion varies from patient to patient. OBJECTIVES:To explore and contrast the molecular pathogenes...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Faner R,Cruz T,Casserras T,López-Giraldo A,Noell G,Coca I,Tal-Singer R,Miller B,Rodriguez-Roisin R,Spira A,Kalko SG,Agustí A

更新日期：2016-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Noninflammatory structural alterations, variously referred to as airway remodeling, are well documented in the asthmatic airway. However, the pathogenesis of these alterations, the importance of airway remodeling in generating the asthma phenotype, and the natural history of airway remodeling responses have not been a...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Zhu Z,Lee CG,Zheng T,Chupp G,Wang J,Homer RJ,Noble PW,Hamid Q,Elias JA

更新日期：2001-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The reaction of nitric oxide (NO) and superoxide anions (O(2)(-)) in the airway results in the formation of peroxynitrite, a highly reactive oxidant species. Peroxynitrite reacts with tyrosine residues in proteins to form the stable product nitrotyrosine. We investigated whether nitrotyrosine in exhaled breath condens...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Hanazawa T,Kharitonov SA,Barnes PJ

更新日期：2000-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Increased serum levels of mucin-associated antigen have been previously demonstrated in patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) and interstitial pneumonia, and in lung-transplant recipients. The present study assessed the serum airway mucin levels in patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). An enzyme-linke...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Shih JY,Yang SC,Yu CJ,Wu HD,Liaw YS,Wu R,Yang PC

更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The potential role of nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) in acute lung injury (ALI) has gained increasing attention. This study evaluates the effects of hypoxia, an important feature of ALI, on NOS2 expression in a rat model of ALI caused by exposure to hypoxia and LPS. Exposure to hypoxia alone had no effect on the expre...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Agorreta J,Garayoa M,Montuenga LM,Zulueta JJ

更新日期：2003-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Methodologies used to assess airway responsiveness (AR) in children administer the same dosage schedule to all children despite the great range in the size of subjects. The aim of this study was to examine the hypothesis that the level of AR is size dependent within same-age cohorts and between different ages. Among a...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Le Souëf PN,Sears MR,Sherrill D

更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Collections of sputum from 105 patients with newly diagnosed pulmonary tuberculosis were made before and at 1 and 2 d after the start of chemotherapy with isoniazid (INH) alone given to groups of patients in doses of 600 mg, 300 mg, 150 mg, 75 mg, 37.5 mg, 18.75 mg, and 9 mg daily, as well as from an untreated group. ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Donald PR,Sirgel FA,Botha FJ,Seifart HI,Parkin DP,Vandenplas ML,Van de Wal BW,Maritz JS,Mitchison DA

更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:The immune response in sepsis is characterized by overt immune dysfunction. Studies indicate immunostimulation represents a viable therapy for patients. One study suggests a potentially protective role for interleukin 5 (IL-5) in sepsis; however, the loss of eosinophils in this disease presents a paradox. OB...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Linch SN,Danielson ET,Kelly AM,Tamakawa RA,Lee JJ,Gold JA

更新日期：2012-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:11beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (11beta-HSD) are responsible for the conversion of bioactive glucocorticoids to and from inactive metabolites. 11beta-HSD2 is generally considered a high-affinity inactivator of natural glucocorticoids, although its activity with synthetic compounds in vivo is unknown. Inhaled cort...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Orsida BE,Krozowski ZS,Walters EH

更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We hypothesized that ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury of the liver during normotensive gram-negative bacteremic sepsis alters the kinetics of circulating endotoxin, tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), and coinduced mediators, thereby exacerbating sepsis-induced lung inflammation. Liver and lung dysfunction were ...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Matuschak GM,Henry KA,Johanns CA,Lechner AJ

更新日期：2001-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Recently described surgical approaches to the treatment of emphysema, including buttressed stapled volume reduction and laser coagulation, are associated with variable clinical outcomes. We examined objective preoperative factors as predictors of response to treatment in patients enrolled in a randomized trial of stap...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Brenner M,McKenna R Jr,Gelb A,Osann K,Schein MJ,Panzera J,Wong H,Berns MW,Wilson AF

更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The effects of exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) on pulmonary function were investigated in a random sample of 1,033 adults aged 40 to 69 yr from a residential area in Beijing. Compared with those not exposed, those exposed to ETS either at home or at work were associated with a 102-ml (SE = 40 ml) reducti...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Xu X,Li B

更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：RATIONALE:Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease that affects more than 300 million individuals worldwide. Asthma is caused by interaction of genetic and environmental factors. Bronchial hyperresponsiveness (BHR) is a hallmark of asthma and results from increased sensitivity of the airways to physical or chemi...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Koppelman GH,Meyers DA,Howard TD,Zheng SL,Hawkins GA,Ampleford EJ,Xu J,Koning H,Bruinenberg M,Nolte IM,van Diemen CC,Boezen HM,Timens W,Whittaker PA,Stine OC,Barton SJ,Holloway JW,Holgate ST,Graves PE,Martinez FD,

更新日期：2009-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Poor adherence to medication regimens may be contributing to the recent increase in asthma morbidity and mortality. We examined patient characteristics that may influence adherence to twice-daily inhaled steroid regimens. Fifty adults with moderate to severe asthma completed questionnaires examining sociodemographics,...

journal_title：American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine

authors： Apter AJ,Reisine ST,Affleck G,Barrows E,ZuWallack RL

更新日期：1998-06-01 00:00:00