Abstract：
OBJECTIVE:In a previous study, ketamine suppressed Escherichia coli-induced production of the cytokines interleukin (IL)-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF). In other previous studies ketamine improved survival after E. coli inoculation. However, the relationship between cytokines and survival following ketamine treatment is uncertain because no study has examined both cytokines and survival after E. coli inoculation. METHODS:Rats were given E. coli (0.4 x 10(9) colony forming unit (CFU)) at time 0, followed by ketamine (50 mg/kg, n=30) or saline (n=30) at 5 min or 2 h. IL-6 and TNF were measured in serum at 6 h, and mortality was recorded for 7 days. RESULTS:Survival rate with ketamine was 57% (17/30) and was significantly increased compared to saline (27%, 8/30, P=0.01). IL-6 and TNF were lower with ketamine than saline (15,197 +/- 3444 versus 30,725 +/- 4623 pg/ml [mean +/- S.E.M.], P=0.013 and 38.5 +/- 9.5 versus 122.5 +/- 14.0 pg/ml, P=0.001, respectively). With ketamine, IL-6 (but not TNF) concentrations were lower in the survivors (10,900 +/- 776 pg/ml) as compared to the non-survivors (P=0.01). IL-6 in ketamine-treated survivors was not different from that in saline-treated survivors. CONCLUSION:We conclude that ketamine given 5 min or 2 h after induction of E. coli sepsis significantly improves survival, possibly by interfering with the inflammatory cascade (as evidenced by attenuation of cytokine production).
journal_name
Resuscitationjournal_title
Resuscitationauthors
Shaked G,Czeiger D,Dukhno O,Levy I,Artru AA,Shapira Y,Douvdevani Adoi
10.1016/j.resuscitation.2004.02.015keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-08-01 00:00:00pages
237-42issue
2eissn
0300-9572issn
1873-1570pii
S0300957204001194journal_volume
62pub_type
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