Abstract:
:In spite of several past attempts at defining the point at which conception can be considered completed, resulting in the formation of an embryo, the existing definitions are still contradictory. In the absence of clear terminology, the application of laws aimed at the protection of early human life may have inadequate consequences for the efficacy of the current techniques of human infertility treatment. In this paper biological arguments are revisited, suggesting that the only point at which a clear demarcation line between what is and what is still not an embryo can be drawn is the moment of nuclear syngamy at the outset of the first cleavage division. The term 'zygote' is suggested to denote entities composed of spermatozoon and oocyte components before nuclear syngamy. It is suggested that the current embryo protection laws should not concern the zygote stage: at this stage, the main features that are said, in documents issued by different ethical and legal authorities, to characterize the early human embryo, namely the inseparable union of the male and female contribution, cell division and an autonomous control over cell division, are still not present. This reasoning strictly applies to embryos of biparental (paternal and maternal contribution) origin and cannot be extrapolated to embryos created by cell nuclear transfer (cloning). The application of embryo protection laws from the nuclear syngamy stage onwards can regulate embryo and embryo-derived stem cell research while still preserving the current high standard and efficacy of infertility treatment, which is of immediate interest to millions of infertile couples throughout the world.
journal_name
Reprod Biomed Onlinejournal_title
Reproductive biomedicine onlineauthors
Tesarik J,Greco Edoi
10.1016/s1472-6483(10)62103-7keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-07-01 00:00:00pages
13-6issue
1eissn
1472-6483issn
1472-6491pii
S1472-6483(10)62103-7journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Laparoscopic surgery with the assistance of the da Vinci robotic system has been recently introduced in gynaecology, as this new technology provides three-dimensional vision and easier suture capability. This study reports, for the first time, the case of an uncomplicated full term pregnancy after laparoscopic myomect...
journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2010.02.025
更新日期:2010-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1016/j.rbmo.2009.09.020
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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journal_title:Reproductive biomedicine online
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更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00