Abstract:
:Exploring visual illusions reveals fundamental principles of cortical processing. Illusory motion perception of non-moving stimuli was described almost a century ago by Gestalt psychologists. However, the underlying neuronal mechanisms remain unknown. To explore cortical mechanisms underlying the 'line-motion' illusion, we used real-time optical imaging, which is highly sensitive to subthreshold activity. We examined, in the visual cortex of the anaesthetized cat, responses to five stimuli: a stationary small square and a long bar; a moving square; a drawn-out bar; and the well-known line-motion illusion, a stationary square briefly preceding a long stationary bar presentation. Whereas flashing the bar alone evoked the expected localized, short latency and high amplitude activity patterns, presenting a square 60-100 ms before a bar induced the dynamic activity patterns resembling that of fast movement. The preceding square, even though physically non-moving, created gradually propagating subthreshold cortical activity that must contribute to illusory motion, because it was indistinguishable from cortical representations of real motion in this area. These findings demonstrate the effect of spatio-temporal patterns of subthreshold synaptic potentials on cortical processing and the shaping of perception.
journal_name
Naturejournal_title
Natureauthors
Jancke D,Chavane F,Naaman S,Grinvald Adoi
10.1038/nature02396keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2004-03-25 00:00:00pages
423-6issue
6981eissn
0028-0836issn
1476-4687pii
nature02396journal_volume
428pub_type
杂志文章相关文献
NATURE文献大全abstract::The mobilization of aluminium from acidic forest soils is arguably the most ecologically important consequence of acid deposition in the environment because of its adverse effects on soils, forest vegetation and surface water. Here we show that there has been a significant decline in the concentrations of aluminium sp...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/417242a
更新日期:2002-05-16 00:00:00
abstract::Among the ten subtypes of mammalian voltage-gated calcium (Cav) channels, Cav3.1-Cav3.3 constitute the T-type, or the low-voltage-activated, subfamily, the abnormal activities of which are associated with epilepsy, psychiatric disorders and pain1-5. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of human Cav3....
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1801-3
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::DNA fragments of chemically transformed and normal avian and murine cells induce transformation of NIH 3T3 mouse cells with low efficiencies. High molecular weight DNAs of cells transformed by DNA fragments induce transformation with high efficiencies in secondary transfection assays. It thus seems that endogenous tra...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/284418a0
更新日期:1980-04-03 00:00:00
abstract::Systems governed by time reversible equations of motion often give rise to irreversible behaviour. The transition from reversible to irreversible behaviour is fundamental to statistical physics, but has not been observed experimentally in many-body systems. The flow of a newtonian fluid at low Reynolds number can be r...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04380
更新日期:2005-12-15 00:00:00
abstract::Sex chromosomes in males of most eutherian mammals share only a small homologous segment, the pseudoautosomal region (PAR), in which the formation of double-strand breaks (DSBs), pairing and crossing over must occur for correct meiotic segregation1,2. How cells ensure that recombination occurs in the PAR is unknown. H...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-020-2327-4
更新日期:2020-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ferroptosis is a form of regulated cell death that is caused by the iron-dependent peroxidation of lipids1,2. The glutathione-dependent lipid hydroperoxidase glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) prevents ferroptosis by converting lipid hydroperoxides into non-toxic lipid alcohols3,4. Ferroptosis has previously been implica...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/s41586-019-1705-2
更新日期:2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Concentrations of dissolved oxygen in the ocean seem to correlate well with climate instabilities over the past 100,000 years. For example, the concentration of dissolved oxygen in Pacific intermediate waters was considerably higher during Pleistocene glacial periods than it is today. This has been inferred from the p...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35030084
更新日期:2000-09-21 00:00:00
abstract::It has been suggested that the initiation step in mouse skin carcinogenesis involves an alteration in epidermal-differentiation, as mouse basal keratinocytes exposed to initiators resist the arrest of cell growth that is normally associated with the induction of terminal differentiation by calcium ions. The growth of ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/314459a0
更新日期:1985-04-04 00:00:00
abstract::Early sensory experience instructs the maturation of neural circuitry in the cortex. This has been studied extensively in the primary visual cortex, in which loss of vision to one eye permanently degrades cortical responsiveness to that eye, a phenomenon known as ocular dominance plasticity (ODP). Cortical inhibition ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature12485
更新日期:2013-09-26 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to form integrated circuits on flexible sheets of plastic enables attributes (for example conformal and flexible formats and lightweight and shock resistant construction) in electronic devices that are difficult or impossible to achieve with technologies that use semiconductor wafers or glass plates as sub...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature07110
更新日期:2008-07-24 00:00:00
abstract::Learning through trial-and-error interactions allows animals to adapt innate behavioural ‘rules of thumb’ to the local environment, improving their prospects for survival and reproduction. Naive Drosophila melanogaster males, for example, court both virgin and mated females, but learn through experience to selectively...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature11345
更新日期:2012-09-06 00:00:00
abstract::Interest in attributing the risk of damaging weather-related events to anthropogenic climate change is increasing. Yet climate models used to study the attribution problem typically do not resolve the weather systems associated with damaging events such as the UK floods of October and November 2000. Occurring during t...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature09762
更新日期:2011-02-17 00:00:00
abstract::Large, actively swimming suspension feeders evolved several times in Earth's history, arising independently from groups as diverse as sharks, rays and stem teleost fishes, and in mysticete whales. However, animals occupying this niche have not been identified from the early Palaeozoic era. Anomalocarids, a group of st...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature13010
更新日期:2014-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The emergence of HIV-1 group M subtype B in North American men who have sex with men was a key turning point in the HIV/AIDS pandemic. Phylogenetic studies have suggested cryptic subtype B circulation in the United States (US) throughout the 1970s and an even older presence in the Caribbean. However, these temporal an...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature19827
更新日期:2016-11-03 00:00:00
abstract::In sexually reproducing animals, a crucial step in zygote formation is the decondensation of the fertilizing sperm nucleus into a DNA replication-competent male pronucleus. Genome-wide nucleosome assembly on paternal DNA implies the replacement of sperm chromosomal proteins, such as protamines, by maternally provided ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04059
更新日期:2005-10-27 00:00:00
abstract::White dwarfs represent the endpoint of stellar evolution for stars with initial masses between approximately 0.07 and 8-10, where is the mass of the Sun (more massive stars end their life as either black holes or neutron stars). The theory of stellar evolution predicts that the majority of white dwarfs have a core mad...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06318
更新日期:2007-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::The TATA sequence-binding factor TFIID plays a central role both in promoter activation by RNA polymerase II and other common initiation factors, and in promoter regulation by gene-specific factors. The sequence of yeast TFIID, which seems to be encoded by a single gene, contains interesting structural motifs that are...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/341299a0
更新日期:1989-09-28 00:00:00
abstract::The cellular response to hypoxia is critical for cell survival and is fine-tuned to allow cells to recover from hypoxic stress and adapt to heterogeneous or fluctuating oxygen levels. The hypoxic response is mediated by the α-subunit of the transcription factor HIF-1 (HIF-1α), which interacts through its intrinsically...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature21705
更新日期:2017-03-16 00:00:00
abstract::The determination of molecular masses from barometric sedimentation profiles, a main topic in ultracentrifugal analysis, is thought to be quantitatively correct for non-interacting particles. Whereas this expectation is justified for uncharged colloids or macromolecules at low volume fractions, early ultracentrifugati...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature02672
更新日期:2004-06-24 00:00:00
abstract::Nearly all protocols requiring shared quantum information--such as quantum teleportation or key distribution--rely on entanglement between distant parties. However, entanglement is difficult to characterize experimentally. All existing techniques for doing so, including entanglement witnesses or Bell inequalities, dis...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04627
更新日期:2006-04-20 00:00:00
abstract::In response to adenosine 5'-diphosphate, the P2Y1 receptor (P2Y1R) facilitates platelet aggregation, and thus serves as an important antithrombotic drug target. Here we report the crystal structures of the human P2Y1R in complex with a nucleotide antagonist MRS2500 at 2.7 Å resolution, and with a non-nucleotide antago...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature14287
更新日期:2015-04-16 00:00:00
abstract::Techniques to facilitate controlled interactions between single photons and atoms are now being actively explored. These techniques are important for the practical realization of quantum networks, in which multiple memory nodes that utilize atoms for generation, storage and processing of quantum states are connected b...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature04327
更新日期:2005-12-08 00:00:00
abstract::The retinotectal projection has long been studied experimentally and theoretically, as a model for the formation of topographic brain maps. Neighbouring retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) project their axons to neighbouring positions in the optic tectum, thus re-establishing a continuous neural representation of visual spa...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature06816
更新日期:2008-04-17 00:00:00
abstract::In mice gamma delta T-cell populations with distinct T-cell receptor (TCR) repertoires and homing properties have been identified. Diversified populations are found in lymphoid organs and intestinal epithelia. By contrast, the gamma delta T-cells that have been found in the murine skin are homogeneous. They express a ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/343754a0
更新日期:1990-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Innate immune responses are important in combating various microbes during the early phases of infection. Natural killer (NK) cells are innate lymphocytes that, unlike T and B lymphocytes, do not express antigen receptors but rapidly exhibit cytotoxic activities against virus-infected cells and produce various cytokin...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature08636
更新日期:2010-01-28 00:00:00
abstract::CD4 and CD8 antigens are simultaneously expressed on most of the cortical thymocytes, that weakly express the T-cell antigen receptor(TCR)/CD3 complex. Mature peripheral T cells, however, strongly express the TCR complex and are positive for either CD4 or CD8. Nevertheless, a small percentage of peripheral CD3+ T cell...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/335642a0
更新日期:1988-10-13 00:00:00
abstract::Important Ca2+ signals in the cytosol and organelles are often extremely localized and hard to measure. To overcome this problem we have constructed new fluorescent indicators for Ca2+ that are genetically encoded without cofactors and are targetable to specific intracellular locations. We have dubbed these fluorescen...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/42264
更新日期:1997-08-28 00:00:00
abstract::Group I and II introns are mobile elements that propagate by insertion into different genes. Some introns of both types self-splice in vitro by transesterification reactions catalysed by the intron RNA. These transesterifications are reversible, and it has been suggested that reverse splicing followed by reverse trans...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/354164a0
更新日期:1991-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Since the discovery of plate tectonics, the relative importance of driving forces of plate motion has been debated. Resolution of this issue has been hindered by uncertainties in estimates of basal traction, which controls the coupling between lithospheric plates and underlying mantle convection. Hotspot tracks preser...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/nature05675
更新日期:2007-03-22 00:00:00
abstract::The degradation of cytosolic proteins is carried out predominantly by the proteasome, which generates peptides of 7-9 amino acids long. These products need further processing. Recently, a proteolytic system was identified in the model organism Thermoplasma acidophilum that performs this processing. The hexameric core ...
journal_title:Nature
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1038/35106609
更新日期:2001-11-22 00:00:00