Abstract:
:OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the factorial and construct validity of the Head Injury Scale (HIS) among a sample of male and female collegiate athletes. DESIGN AND SETTING: Using a cross-sectional design, we established the factorial validity of the HIS scale with confirmatory factor analysis and the construct validity of the HIS with Pearson product moment correlation analyses. Using an experimental design, we compared scores on the HIS between concussed and nonconcussed groups with a 2 (groups) x 5 (time) mixed-model analysis of variance. SUBJECTS: Participants (N = 279) in the cross-sectional analyses were predominately male (n = 223) collegiate athletes with a mean age of 19.49 +/- 1.63 years. Participants (N = 33) in the experimental analyses were concussed (n = 17) and nonconcussed control (n = 16) collegiate athletes with a mean age of 19.76 +/- 1.49 years. MEASUREMENTS: All participants completed baseline measures for the 16-item HIS, neuropsychological testing battery, and posturography. Concussed individuals and paired controls were evaluated on days 1, 2, 3, and 10 postinjury on the same testing battery. RESULTS: Confirmatory factor analysis indicated that a theoretically derived, 3-factor model provided a good but not excellent fit to the 16-item HIS. Hence, the 16-item HIS was modified on the basis of substantive arguments about item-content validity. The subsequent analysis indicated that the 3-factor model provided an excellent fit to the modified 9-item HIS. The 3 factors were best described by a single second-order factor: concussion symptoms. Scores from the 16-item HIS and 9-item HIS were strongly correlated, but there were few significant correlations between HIS scores and scores from the neuropsychological and balance measures. A significant group-by-day interaction was noted on both the 9-item HIS and 16-item HIS, with significant differences seen between groups on days 1 and 2 postconcussion. CONCLUSIONS: We provide evidence for the factorial and construct validity of the HIS among collegiate athletes. This scale might aid in return-to-play decisions by physicians and athletic trainers.
journal_name
J Athl Trainjournal_title
Journal of athletic trainingauthors
Piland SG,Motl RW,Ferrara MS,Peterson CLkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-06-01 00:00:00pages
104-112issue
2eissn
1062-6050issn
1938-162Xjournal_volume
38pub_type
杂志文章abstract::OBJECTIVE: To identify the types of injuries the human brain incurs as a result of traumatic forces applied to the cranium. In athletic events and endeavors, the full spectrum of intracranial hemorrhages in various compartments, raised intracranial pressure, and diffuse nonhemorrhagic damage may be seen. In this revie...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Runners with high medial longitudinal arch structure demonstrate unique kinematics and kinetics that may lead to running injuries. The mobility of the midfoot as measured by the change in arch height is also suspected to play a role in lower extremity function during running. The effect of arch mobility in high...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.3.05
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Sport specialization has been defined as year-round intensive training in a single sport to the exclusion of other sports. A commonly used survey tool created by Jayanthi et al, which classifies athletes as having a low, moderate, or high level of specialization, categorizes only athletes answering yes to "Have...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-379-18
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Sporting organizations limit full-contact football practices to reduce concussion risk and based on speculation that repeated head impacts may result in long-term neurodegeneration. OBJECTIVE:To directly compare head-impact exposure in high school football players before and after a statewide restriction on fu...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.7.04
更新日期:2016-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review 16 years of National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) injury surveillance data for men's football and identify potential areas for injury prevention initiatives. BACKGROUND:Football is a high-velocity collision sport in which injuries are expected. Football tends to have one of the highest in...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT: Athletic trainers (ATs) play a vital role in managing the care of student-athletes after a sport-related concussion, yet little is known about their specific involvement in the implementation of academic adjustments as part of the concussion-management plan. OBJECTIVE: To explore ATs' perceived roles and re...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-52.7.02
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: To investigate the retraction time, forces, and torques applied to the football helmet during removal of the face mask with different face-mask removal tools. DESIGN AND SETTING: Subjects retracted the face mask of a football helmet mounted to a force platform in a laboratory setting. They removed a standar...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: Our purpose was to examine undergraduate athletic training students' perceptions of how time is utilized during clinical field experiences while enrolled in Commission on Accreditation of Allied Health Education Program (CAAHEP)-accredited athletic training programs and to determine the effects of clinical ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Few researchers have described the incidence of the most severe injuries sustained by student-athletes at the collegiate level. OBJECTIVE:To describe the epidemiology of severe injuries within 25 National Collegiate Athletic Association (NCAA) sports in the 2009-2010 through 2014-2015 academic years. DESIGN:D...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-52.1.01
更新日期:2017-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Quadriceps-activation deficits have been reported after meniscectomy. Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) in conjunction with maximal contractions affects quadriceps activation in patients after meniscectomy. OBJECTIVE:To determine the effect of single-pulsed TMS on quadriceps central activation ratio (CAR...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-45.6.570
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:A novel peer concussion-education program (PCEP) was developed to enhance concussion knowledge and reporting among collegiate student-athletes. OBJECTIVE:To describe the PCEP and its development and implementation. DESIGN:Program development consisting of a literature review, focus group, and pilot implementa...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-212-19
更新日期:2020-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::OBJECTIVE: To examine the influences of clinician technique on performance and interpretation of the Lachman test. DESIGN AND SETTING: Blinded, controlled, and randomized-block design clinical study conducted in an athletic training laboratory classroom. SUBJECTS: Twenty-two certified athletic trainer clinicians and 1...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Assessment techniques used to measure functional tasks involving active trunk control are restricted to linear movements that lack the explosive movements and dynamic tasks associated with activities of daily living and sport. Reliable clinical methods used to assess the diagonal and ballistic movements about t...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-46.2.150
更新日期:2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To determine if Flex-all 454, as advertised, is effective as a thermal ultrasound couplant. DESIGN AND SETTING:Research design was a one-factor analysis of variance. Subjects received three (alternating order) ultrasound treatments (1 MHz at 1.5 W/cm(2) for 10 minutes) using the following couplants: 50% Flex...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The efficacy of prophylactic knee bracing has been refuted with regard to reducing the incidence and/or severity of injuries to the knee joint. This is thought to be a result of the prophylactic knee brace's ineffectiveness in protecting the knee joint from valgus loads. Furthermore, discrepancies exist regarding the ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The increased emphasis on implementing evidence-based practice has reinforced the need to more accurately assess patient improvement. Psychometrically sound, patient-reported outcome measures are essential for evaluating patient care. A patient-reported outcome instrument that may be useful for clinicians is th...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-0302.19
更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Stress fractures are one of the most common injuries in sports, accounting for approximately 10% of all overuse injuries. Treatment of fifth metatarsal stress fractures involves both surgical and nonsurgical interventions. Fifth metatarsal stress fractures are difficult to treat because of the risks of delayed ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.2.24
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:As an allied health professional working in various settings, an athletic trainer (AT) is responsible for the health care of a highly diverse population. More often than not, this diversity is defined by the visible, such as race or sex. However, diversity encompasses many more variables than these observable f...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-43.3.326
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT: :A multilevel model has been used to describe the complex nature of work-life balance in sport organizations. Organizational aspects such as work scheduling, hours worked, job demands, and decreased perceived value have been reported as factors that can positively or negatively affect work-life balance. Howeve...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-311-17
更新日期:2018-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Many athletes continue to participate in practices and games while experiencing concussion-related symptoms, potentially predisposing them to subsequent and more complicated brain injuries. Limited evidence exists about factors that may influence concussion-reporting behaviors. OBJECTIVE:To examine the influen...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-48.3.20
更新日期:2013-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Anecdotal and qualitative evidence has suggested that some clinicians face pressure from coaches and other personnel in the athletic environment to prematurely return athletes to participation after a concussion. This type of pressure potentially can result in compromised patient care. OBJECTIVE:To quantify th...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-50.6.03
更新日期:2015-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::While the high school setting holds the best promise of employment for the recently certified athletic trainer, most student athletic trainers do not spend time working with the secondary school athlete. The athletic trainer must be aware of the stages of adolescent psychological maturity and be sensitive to the athle...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1993-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The examination of the appropriate professional degree for preparation as an athletic trainer is of interest to the profession. Descriptive information concerning universal outcomes is needed to understand the effect of a degree change. OBJECTIVE:To obtain and compare descriptive information related to profess...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-50.1.13
更新日期:2015-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Epicondylalgia is a common condition involving pain-generating structures such as tendon, neural, and chondral tissue. The current noninvasive reference standard for identifying chondral lesions is magnetic resonance imaging. Musculoskeletal ultrasound (MUS) may be an inexpensive and effective alternative. OBJ...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-49.1.03
更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To review current management techniques and describe an alternative technique for managing epistaxis in athletes. BACKGROUND:Nosebleeds are not usually considered a serious medical condition, but management can be a challenge. Traditional management techniques may place opposing athletes at risk for blood ex...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To compare the cooling and rewarming effects of two clinical 20-minute cryotherapy treatments on the temperature of the human leg. DESIGN AND SETTING:Sixteen subjects were randomly treated with either 20 minutes of a 1.8-kg crushed-ice pack, placed directly over the left calf, or a 20-minute immersion in a c...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::In this study, I investigated and analyzed the various joint motions in the shoulders of college baseball players. Twenty-six players (age=20.38+/-1.36 yr) from two colleges were examined for upper extremity range of motion (ROM), including shoulder flexion, extension, internal rotation at 90 degrees abduction, and ex...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The National Institutes of Health created a medical research road map that included the development of the Patient-Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System (PROMIS). A key feature of PROMIS was the development of patient-reported outcome measures (PROs) addressing various aspects of health. Understandin...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-331-17
更新日期:2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Workplace bullying (WPB) has recently received much attention in society. Research on WPB in athletic training practice settings is limited. OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of WPB in the secondary school setting and explore the factors related to it. DESIGN:Mixed-methods study. SETTING:Secondary school...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-51.10.14
更新日期:2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:Individuals with and without functional ankle instability have been tested for deficits in lower limb proprioception with varied results. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether a new protocol for testing participants' joint position sense during stepping is reliable and can detect differences between participants wit...
journal_title:Journal of athletic training
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.4085/1062-6050-47.6.12
更新日期:2012-11-01 00:00:00