Abstract：
:Nicotine has been demonstrated to enhance learning processes. The present experiments extend these results to examine the effects of nicotine on acquisition and consolidation of contextual and cued fear conditioning, and the duration of nicotine's enhancement of conditioned fear. C57BL/6 mice were trained with two pairings of an auditory CS and a foot shock US. Multiple doses of nicotine were given before or immediately after training and on testing day (0.0, 0.050, 0.125, 0.250, and 0.375 mg/kg, i.p). Freezing to both the context and auditory CS was measured 24h after training and again 1 week after training. Mice did not receive nicotine for the 1-week retest. Nicotine (0.125 and 0.250 mg/kg) given on both training and testing days enhanced freezing to the context at 24h. In addition, elevated freezing to the context was seen 1 week post-training in mice previously treated with 0.125 and 0.250 mg/kg nicotine. Thus, nicotine-treated mice did show elevated levels of freezing when retested 1 week later, even though no nicotine was administered at the 1-week retest. Mice that received nicotine on training day or testing day only and mice that received nicotine with mecamylamine, a nicotinic receptor antagonist, were not different from saline-treated mice. In addition, post-training administration of nicotine did not enhance fear conditioning. The present results indicate that nicotine enhancement of contextual fear conditioning depends on administration of nicotine on training and test days but results in a long-lasting enhancement of memories of contextual fear conditioning that remains in the absence of nicotine.
journal_name
Neurobiol Learn Memjournal_title
Neurobiology of learning and memoryauthors
Gould TJ,Higgins JSdoi
10.1016/s1074-7427(03)00057-1keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-09-01 00:00:00pages
147-57issue
2eissn
1074-7427issn
1095-9564pii
S1074742703000571journal_volume
80pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:Three experiments studied the effectiveness of ketamine acting as an aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS) in a conditioned flavor aversion procedure. In Experiment 1a, three conditioning trials where sucrose was paired with ketamine produced a weak but significant aversion to sucrose; Experiment 1b showed that this e...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/nlme.1997.3773
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Growing evidence indicates that antagonists of the 5-hydroxytryptamine (serotonin) receptor(6) (5-HT(6)) improve memory and reverse amnesia although the mechanisms involved are poorly understood. Hence, in this paper RT-PCR was used to evaluate changes in mRNA expression of 5-HT(6) receptor in trained and untrained ra...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2009.08.009
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An automated training system was used to compare the behavior of knockout (KO) mice lacking the fragile X mental retardation protein with that of wild-type (WT) mice (C57Bl/6 strain) in the acquisition and retention of olfactory discriminations. KO and WT mice did not differ in the acquisition of a four-stage nose pok...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2008.01.002
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Chronic alcoholism is associated with impaired cognitive functioning. Over 75% of autopsied chronic alcoholics have significant brain damage and over 50% of detoxified alcoholics display some degree of learning and memory impairment. However, the relative contributions of different etiological factors to the developme...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2011.01.003
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Memory consolidation is a gradual process through which episodic memories become incorporated into long-term 'semantic' representations. It likely involves reactivation of neural activity encoding the recent experience during non-REM sleep. A critical prerequisite for memory consolidation is precise coordination of re...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2018.04.004
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Previous evidence suggests that a high-salt (HS) diet may increase oxidative stress and contribute to the development of hypertension that is already present. Oxidative stress is thought to play a critical role in the development of neurodegenerative diseases. Lower dietary sodium intake putatively contributes to a lo...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2014.04.010
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:It is well established that neurons are plastic and can change the strength of their connections with other neurons depending on their recent history. While many molecular entities involved in plastic processes were already described, the role of a store-operated calcium channel ORAI1 in neuronal plasticity is not kno...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2016.12.024
更新日期：2017-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The recall of a previously formed fear memory triggers a process through which synapses in the amygdala become "destabilized". This labile state at retrieval may be critical for the plasticity required to modify, update, or disrupt long-term memories. One component of this process involves the rapid internalization of...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107089
更新日期：2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Addiction is increasingly discussed asa disorder of associative learning processes, with both operant and classical conditioning contributing to the development of maladaptive habits. Stress has long been known to promote drug taking and relapse and has further been shown to shift behavior from goal-directed actions t...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2017.09.003
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The hippocampus is important for memory and learning, being a brain site where initial memories are formed and where sharp wave - ripples (SWR) are found, which are responsible for mapping recent memories to long-term storage during sleep-related memory replay. While this conceptual schema is well established, specifi...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2018.04.018
更新日期：2019-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A common conceptualization of the organization of memory systems in brain is that different types of memory are mediated by distinct neural systems. Strong support for this view comes from studies that show double (or triple) dissociations between spatial, response, and emotional memories following selective lesions o...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2004.07.007
更新日期：2004-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human studies of sleep and cognition have established thatdifferent sleep stages contribute to distinct aspects of cognitive and emotional processing. However, since the majority of these findings are based on single-night studies, it is difficult to determine whether such effects arise due to individual, between-subj...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2016.07.032
更新日期：2016-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Accumulating evidence indicates that homeostatic plasticity mechanisms dynamically adjust synaptic strength to promote stability that is crucial for memory storage. Our previous studies have shown that prior training in conditioned taste aversion (CTA) prevents the subsequent induction of long-term potentiation (LTP) ...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2018.04.005
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Both the acquisition and the extinction of memories leave short- and long-term mnemonic traces. Here, we show that in male Wistar rats, the short-term memory for a step-down inhibitory avoidance task (IA) is resistant to extinction, and that its expression does not influence retrieval or extinction of long-term memory...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2005.03.002
更新日期：2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of this study was to explore the effects of slow-wave disruption on positive and negative word recognition in a sample of healthy control participants and those with major depressive disorder. Prior to sleep, participants learned a set of emotional and neutral words during an encoding task by responding wh...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2015.09.006
更新日期：2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Learning is ubiquitous in the animal kingdom but has been studied extensively in only a handful of species. Moreover, learning studied under laboratory conditions is typically unrelated to the animal's natural environment or life history. Here, we designed a task relevant to the natural behavior of male African cichli...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2010.12.002
更新日期：2011-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Attempts were made to further analyze the role of 5-HT1A receptors in consolidation of learning by evaluating the role of these receptors in cognitively normal and impaired animals. The effects of post-training administration of 8-OH-DPAT and 5-HT1A receptor antagonists, WAY 100135, WAY 100635, and S-UH-301, plus the ...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/nlme.1998.3866
更新日期：1999-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Four experiments were conducted to examine social and emotional memory in the R6/2 transgenic mouse model of Huntington's disease. First, R6/2 mice were tested in a social transmission of food preference task where they had to acquire a preference for a flavoured food (acquisition) and subsequently to learn a preferen...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2007.10.009
更新日期：2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Induction of long-term synaptic changes at one synapse can facilitate the induction of long-term plasticity at another synapse. Here we show that if Aplysia sensory neuron (SN) somata and their remote motor neuron (MN) synapses are simultaneously exposed to serotonin (5HT) pulses, which at either site alone are insuff...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/nlme.2002.4092
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Individual differences in regulation of fear and extinction memory play significant roles in the aetiology development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). Previous animal based studies showed that the activity of β-adrenergic receptors (β-ARs) are involved in memory modulation. However in humans it is not clear ...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2018.11.004
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pre-verbal infants and non-human animals associate small numbers with the left space and large numbers with the right space. Birds and primates, trained to identify a given position in a sagittal series of identical positions, whenever required to respond on a left/right oriented series, referred the given position st...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2016.05.010
更新日期：2016-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Most long-term memories are forgotten, becoming progressively less likely to be recalled. Still, some memory fragments may persist, as savings memory (easier relearning) can be detected long after recall has become impossible. What happens to a memory trace during forgetting that makes it inaccessible for recall and y...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2018.09.007
更新日期：2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Phosphodiesterase inhibitors (PDE-Is) enhance cAMP and/or cGMP signaling via reducing the degradation of these cyclic nucleotides. Both cAMP and cGMP signaling are essential for a variety of cellular functions and exert their effects both pre- and post-synaptically. Either of these second messengers relays and amplifi...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2014.10.011
更新日期：2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Females experience depression, posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD), and anxiety disorders at approximately twice the rate of males, but the mechanisms underlying this difference remain undefined. The effect of sex hormones on neural substrates presents a possible mechanism. We investigated the effect of ovariectomy a...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2014.12.009
更新日期：2015-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Anxiety disorders and obesity are both common in youth and young adults. Despite increasing evidence that over-consumption of palatable high-fat/high-sugar "junk" foods leads to adverse neurocognitive outcomes, little is known about the effects of palatable diets on emotional memories and fear regulation. In the prese...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2016.10.002
更新日期：2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrauterine adverse conditions may be responsible for long-lasting damages which impact health even during adult phase. Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) events are a relevant cause of newborn mortality and the principal factor leading to permanent brain lesions. Using a model in which the ovarian and uterine flux of a pregnant ...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2018.01.004
更新日期：2018-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The pond snail Lymnaea stagnalis is capable of learning taste aversion by pairing presentations of a sucrose solution and an electric shock and consolidating it into long-term memory (LTM), which is referred to as conditioned taste aversion (CTA). We asked here if the neurotransmitter octopamine is involved in CTA. We...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2017.04.010
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The impact of past history on behavior across the life span is largely unknown. This is why the role of previous experience in subsequent memory performances has been studied in a combined longitudinal (animals repeatedly tested) and cross-sectional (animals tested once at various ages) study, in male Sprague-Dawley r...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1006/nlme.1996.3750
更新日期：1997-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Trace eyeblink conditioning requires animals to associate a neutral stimulus (CS) and an aversive periorbital shock (US) that occurred moment later. Acquisition in this conditioning depends on several forebrain regions including the hippocampus, medial prefrontal, and entorhinal cortices in addition to the cerebellum....
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2012.12.014
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In spite of evidence about negative effects of Nandrolone Decanoate (ND) on cognitive and memory performance, the underlying mechanisms are complex and have remained unclear. This research examines the role of Calcineurin in synaptic plasticity and memory storage impairment in ND administrated adolescent male rats. Fo...
journal_title：Neurobiology of learning and memory
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.nlm.2019.107032
更新日期：2019-09-01 00:00:00
