Abstract：
PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Much attention has been paid to the role of immunology in reproductive success or failure. Every step in the establishment of normal pregnancy has been implicated as a possible site of immune-mediated reproductive failure. The widespread testing of antiphospholipid, antinuclear, antithyroid, and antisperm antibodies, as well as generalized immune testing, have thus been employed to diagnose patients with otherwise unexplained infertility or recurrent pregnancy loss. Controversial data surrounding the widespread and variable use of immune testing in current fertility practice is reviewed to determine which tests are warranted based on sound scientific evidence. Because it is postulated that early miscarriage, when occult, could represent a failure of embryo implantation indistinguishable from unexplained infertility, this analysis of immune testing includes a discussion of patients with recurrent pregnancy loss. RECENT FINDINGS:Despite the increased prevalence of abnormal immune testing associated with early reproductive failure, the most rigorous studies have not proven a cause and effect between these phenomena. There is wide variation and inconsistency regarding this association, depending upon which test(s) are employed, the study methodology used, and the patient population under study. The significance of selected immunological test abnormalities associated with early reproductive failure is uncertain. SUMMARY:Great variability exists in identifying candidates for immune testing, determining which tests to order, interpreting the test results, and offering immunologic treatments. This review argues that the use of widespread immune testing in clinical practice can not be supported by existing data. The resulting therapies are similarly of unconfirmed benefit and may cause harm.
journal_name
Curr Opin Obstet Gynecoljournal_title
Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecologyauthors
Kallen CB,Arici Adoi
10.1097/00001703-200306000-00003keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-06-01 00:00:00pages
225-31issue
3eissn
1040-872Xissn
1473-656Xjournal_volume
15pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The purpose of this review is to summarize the epidemiology of thromboembolism in pregnancy and describe strategies to prevent and treat it. RECENT FINDINGS:The main reason for the increased risk of thrombosis in pregnancy is hypercoagulability. Other risk factors include a history of thrombosis, inh...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0b013e328317a427
更新日期：2008-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The present article provides an overview of the molecular mechanisms underlying adolescent endometriosis and advances in both medical and surgical management. RECENT FINDINGS:Molecular and cellular features of endometriotic lesions differ from eutopic endometrium. There is altered estrogen-mediated c...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0000000000000483
更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Prescribing habits for the treatment of symptomatic hypogonadism have recently stirred controversy surrounding testosterone replacement therapy. As a result, the gynecologist will need to recognize this iatrogenic form of decreased sperm production in couples seeking fertility advice. We have compiled...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0000000000000192
更新日期：2015-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human papillomavirus (HPV) infection and HPV-associated diseases pose a considerable health care burden in the United States. The morbidity and mortality associated with HPV infection and HPV-associated diseases, ranging from genital warts to cervical cancer, have prompted both the use of screening measures to monitor...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/01.gco.0000216316.10690.c6
更新日期：2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Fetal magnetic resonance imaging is becoming more used in the evaluation of complex fetal abnormalities. Rapid advances in the technology and application of fetal magnetic resonance imaging necessitate a review of this subject. RECENT FINDINGS:Diffusion-weighted imaging, magnetic resonance spectrosco...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/01.gco.0000247394.94592.a5
更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:The review aims to summarize recent data about vascular endothelial growth factor and its implications in the normal endometrium during the menstrual cycle, implantation window and early pregnancy. RECENT FINDINGS:Angiogenesis is crucial for the development of endometrium as well as for embryo implan...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/01.gco.0000175362.12470.e0
更新日期：2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To evaluate the role of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/CT as cancer response testing in gynecological malignancies. RECENT FINDINGS:The application of FDG PET/CT in patients with endometrial and ovarian cancer to evaluate treatment response was found to have no clinical benefits.Patients with cervical ...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0b013e32835a7e96
更新日期：2013-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Voiding disorders are frequently associated with urinary incontinence and other lower urinary tract dysfunction in women, but the cause of these disorders is not well understood and treatment options are limited. Little has changed in the treatment and evaluation of voiding disorders. New approaches to the study of de...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Borderline tumors of the ovary are seen commonly in obstetrics and gynecology practices. This review will outline the most recent information regarding the epidemiology, molecular pathogenesis, pathology, and clinical management of these tumors. RECENT FINDINGS:In the past, borderline ovarian tumors ...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00001703-200302000-00006
更新日期：2003-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the current consensus regarding the modern management of ovarian endometriosis and summarize the recent evidence that led to a shift in the management recommendations. RECENT FINDINGS:The vast majority of the recent studies demonstrate an adverse effect of surgery on ovarian reserve marke...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0000000000000078
更新日期：2014-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To describe the beneficial effects of micronutrient supplementation on male fertility. RECENT FINDINGS:Several micronutrients have beneficial effects on sperm quality, as well on male fertility (e.g. pregnancy rate). A deliberate use of micronutrients might be helpful for infertile patients. Healthca...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0000000000000063
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To review the recent literature regarding modifications of abdominal radical hysterectomy as well as development of new approaches including laparoscopic, vaginal, and robotic radical hysterectomy. RECENT FINDINGS:Nerve-sparing radical hysterectomy technique allows for significant reduction in postop...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0b013e3282f2288a
更新日期：2008-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Laparoscopic oophorectomy is one of the most controversial and challenging areas of endoscopic surgery. Judicious preoperative evaluation along with careful patient selection can reduce the risk of operating on an unsuspected ovarian malignancy. Appropriate patient consent and planning should be obtained before the pr...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Genetic variation plays a crucial role in modification of normal or disease pathophysiology. Follicle stimulating hormone receptor (FSHR) signaling is necessary for normal development and function of the ovaries and testes. Here, we review the associations between FSHR polymorphisms and fertility or s...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0b013e3283455288
更新日期：2011-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:With the recent advancements in reproductive medicine, many infertile couples now have the opportunity to conceive their own biological children. Although some medication protocols, such as clomiphene citrate, have been utilized for decades, other treatment modalities have evolved over the recent year...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0000000000000064
更新日期：2014-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Digital media, including the Internet, social networking sites, text messaging, and mobile applications, are ubiquitous among adolescents and young adults. These platforms enable users to obtain important information on a multitude of health topics, they may facilitate risk-taking behaviors, and they ...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0000000000000104
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Child sexual abuse is being recognized as a common and serious problem which affects children regardless of their age, sex, socio-economic class, or geographic location. Children of all ages, from infancy to young adulthood, have been victims of abuse. It is well accepted that the number of reported incidents of child...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Human papillomavirus testing has been evaluated as an adjunct to cervical cytologic screening. There is a well-established association between high-risk malignant subtypes of human papillomavirus infection and the development of neoplastic change. Although human papillomavirus infection is a necessary condition for ma...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00001703-200002000-00002
更新日期：2000-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Endometriosis is a frequent gynaecological disorder in young women. Colorectal endometriosis accounts for about 90% of all intestinal locations. The effectiveness of medical therapies is poor, and surgery, including colorectal resection, is therefore often required. Since the first description of lapa...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0b013e328216f6bc
更新日期：2007-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The advent of the AIDS epidemic coupled with enhanced recognition of the morbidity and mortality associated with occupationally acquired hepatitis B virus infection has resulted in a great interest in the epidemiologic characteristics of contact of surgical personnel with patient's blood and other bodily fluids in ass...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advances in perinatal and neonatal health care over the past few decades have resulted in a substantial reduction in perinatal mortality. Some of this improvement has been attributed to antepartum fetal surveillance techniques. The primary objective of antepartum fetal surveillance techniques is to avoid fetal deaths....
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Gynecologic oncology is a rapidly growing field due to constant advances in immunohistochemistry and molecular biology. This review serves as an overview of new studies promoting the use of tumor markers and molecular biological prognostic factors in malignancies affecting women. The majority of studies focus on eithe...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00001703-200102000-00005
更新日期：2001-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Therapeutics targeting the ErbB protein family receptors have not always yielded favorable or successful results in present cancer therapy. This review discusses the possibility of the clinical adaptation of targeting against heparin-binding epidermal growth factor-like growth factor (HB-EGF), one of ...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0b013e3283409c91
更新日期：2011-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Doppler ultrasound velocimetry of uteroplacental, umbilical, and fetal vessels provides the clinician with important information on the hemodynamics of the vascular area under study. Transvaginal color Doppler is a new technique that allows precise investigation of fetomaternal circulation in early pregnancy. Doppler ...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:There is persisting controversy about tocolytic treatment for preterm labour. This review addresses this controversy by appraising the recent clinical literature. RECENT FINDINGS:Surveys of obstetricians indicate a high usage of tocolysis for preterm labour, but evidence that this treatment confers o...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00001703-200412000-00004
更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:Vitamin D deficiency has been associated with a wide range of human disease states and the global epidemic, particularly in reproductive aged women, has led to a focus on this complex hormones role in human reproduction. Indeed vitamin D receptors are found throughout the reproductive tract in the ova...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0000000000000375
更新日期：2017-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:To summarize recent advances in oocyte and embryo cryopreservation techniques and outcomes. RECENT FINDINGS:Vitrification is gradually replacing slow freezing due to a better survival rate after thawing. Most units use vitrification for both oocyte and blastocyst cryopreservation, as these two biolog...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/GCO.0b013e32834874e2
更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The obstetrician-gynecologist must assume a dual role in the future provision of health care to women. Not only should the obstetrician-gynecologist function as a consultant for medical and surgical problems peculiar to the female reproductive tract, but also assume a broader-based role for preventive medicine and hea...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1994-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In contrast to the reduction in perinatal mortality in high-risk pregnancies, screening of low-risk pregnancies with umbilical artery Doppler ultrasonography has shown no benefit. Advances in pathophysiology question the assumption that the placenta is hypoxic in fetal growth restriction, with absent end-diastolic fre...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1997-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE OF REVIEW:We present an update on amenorrhea in adolescent girls and young women. Amenorrhea may herald the onset of estrogen deficiency, which can adversely affect peak bone mass and ultimate risk of osteoporosis. RECENT FINDINGS:Adolescence is a critical period for bone accretion. Important modifiable factor...
journal_title：Current opinion in obstetrics & gynecology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1097/00001703-200310000-00005
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
