Abstract：
:Homeobox transcription factors are commonly involved in developmental regulation in diverse eukaryotes, including plants, animals, and fungi. The origin of novel homeobox genes is thought to have contributed to many evolutionary innovations in animals. We perform a molecular phylogenetic analysis of cnox2, the best studied homeobox gene from the phylum Cnidaria, a very ancient lineage of animals. Among three competing hypotheses, our analysis decisively favors the hypothesis that cnox2 is orthologous to the gsx gene of Bilateria, thereby establishing the existence of this specific homeobox gene in the eumetazoan stem lineage, some 650-900 million years ago. We assayed the expression of gsx in the planula larva and polyp of the sea anemone Nematostella vectensis using in situ hybridization and reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. The gsx ortholog of Nematostella, known as anthox2, is expressed at high levels in the posterior planula and the corresponding "head" region of the polyp. It cannot be detected in the anterior planula or the corresponding "foot" region of the polyp. We have attempted to reconstruct the evolution of gsx spatiotemporal expression in cnidarians and bilaterians using a phylogenetic framework. Because of the surprisingly high degree of variability in gsx expression within the Cnidaria, it is currently not possible to infer unambiguously the ancestral cnidarian condition or the ancestral eumetazoan condition for gsx expression.
journal_name
Evol Devjournal_title
Evolution & developmentauthors
Finnerty JR,Paulson D,Burton P,Pang K,Martindale MQdoi
10.1046/j.1525-142x.2003.03041.xkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-07-01 00:00:00pages
331-45issue
4eissn
1520-541Xissn
1525-142Xpii
3041journal_volume
5pub_type
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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journal_title：Evolution & development
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pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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pub_type： 杂志文章
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更新日期：2000-11-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Evolution & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
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更新日期：2015-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Evolution & development
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更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Evolution & development
pub_type：
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更新日期：2002-03-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Evolution & development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1111/j.1525-142X.2005.05051.x
更新日期：2005-09-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Evolution & development
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更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
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更新日期：2006-05-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Evolution & development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1111/ede.12246
更新日期：2018-01-01 00:00:00
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