Abstract:
:The genome of Borrelia burgdorferi, the etiologic agent of Lyme disease, is composed of a linear chromosome and more than 20 linear and circular plasmids. Typically, plasmid content analysis has been carried out by pulsed-field gel electrophoresis and confirmed by Southern hybridization. However, multiple plasmids of virtually identical sizes (e.g., lp28 and cp32) complicate the interpretation of such data. The present study was undertaken to investigate the complete plasmid complements of B. burgdorferi clinical isolates cultivated from patients from a single region where early Lyme disease is endemic. A total of 21 isolates obtained from the skin biopsy or blood samples of Lyme disease patients were examined for their complete plasmid complements by Southern hybridization and plasmid-specific PCR analysis. All clinical isolates harbored at least six of the nine previously characterized cp32s. Fourteen isolates harbored all B31-like linear plasmids, and seven isolates simultaneously lacked lp56, lp38, and some segments of lp28-1. The distinctive plasmid profile observed in these seven isolates was specific to organisms that had ribosomal spacer type 2 and pulsed-field gel type A, which implies a clonal origin for this genotype. The presence of nearly identical complements of multiple linear and circular plasmids in all of the human isolates suggests that these plasmids may be particularly necessary for infection, adaptation, and/or maintenance in the infected host.
journal_name
Infect Immunjournal_title
Infection and immunityauthors
Iyer R,Kalu O,Purser J,Norris S,Stevenson B,Schwartz Idoi
10.1128/iai.71.7.3699-3706.2003keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-07-01 00:00:00pages
3699-706issue
7eissn
0019-9567issn
1098-5522journal_volume
71pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Previous studies have demonstrated that the Moraxella catarrhalis surface antigen UspA1 is an adhesin for Chang human conjunctival cells. The present report demonstrates that lack of UspA1 expression does not affect the adherence of strain O35E to A549 human lung cells or primary cultures of human middle ear epithelia...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.71.9.4977-4984.2003
更新日期:2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::T cells are important in systemic anticryptococcal defenses, but a role in controlling an initial pulmonary infection has not been demonstrated. A murine model with intratracheal inoculation was developed to study the acquisition and expression of pulmonary T cell-mediated immunity against Cryptococcus neoformans. Inf...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.59.4.1423-1433.1991
更新日期:1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Experimental Helicobacter pylori infection was studied in Mongolian gerbils with fresh human isolates that carry or do not carry cagA (cagA-positive or cagA-negative, respectively), multiply passaged laboratory strains, wild-type strain G1.1, or isogenic ureA, cagA, or vacA mutants of G1.1. Animals were sacrificed 1 t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.66.10.4856-4866.1998
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The extracellular cysteine protease from Streptococcus pyogenes is a virulence factor that plays a significant role in host-pathogen interaction. Streptococcal protease is expressed as an inactive 40-kDa precursor that is autocatalytically converted into a 28-kDa mature (active) enzyme. Replacement of the single cyste...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.9.4326-4333.1999
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of 1,25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 and gamma interferon on the phenotypic changes associated with monocyte maturation in vitro were investigated. Human monocytes separated from peripheral blood mononuclear cell populations by adherence to plastic were cultured for 7 days on glass. Immunocytological analysis was ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.9.2017-2020.1987
更新日期:1987-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Lyme disease spirochete Borrelia burgdorferi reduces the expression of outer surface protein C (OspC) in response to the development of an anti-OspC humoral response, leading to the hypothesis that the ability to repress OspC expression is critical for the pathogen to proceed to chronic infection. B. burgdorferi w...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00713-06
更新日期:2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biological response to endotoxin mediated through the Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4)-MD-2 receptor complex is directly related to lipid A structure or configuration. Endotoxin structure may also influence activation of the MyD88-dependent and -independent signaling pathways of TLR4. To address this possibility, human...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.73.5.2940-2950.2005
更新日期:2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::In Vibrio cholerae, the transmembrane DNA binding proteins, ToxR and TcpP, activate expression of the regulatory gene toxT in response to specific environmental signals. The resulting enhanced level of ToxT leads to a coordinated increase in the production of a subset of virulence factors, including cholera toxin (CT)...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.7.3961-3967.2004
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Cultured mammalian cells extend the time of survival of Treponema pallidum (Nichols strain). Various parameters that have been previously shown to enhance treponemal survival in vitro were examined for influences on the interaction of T. pallidum with cultured cells. With cells derived from normal rabbit testes, the t...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.15.2.444-452.1977
更新日期:1977-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Suitability of the rhesus monkey (Macaca mulatta) as an experimental host for evaluation of vaccines against airborne infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain H37Rv was investigated. Nonvaccinated monkeys were exposed to estimated doses of 12, 25, or 49 units of H37Rv in a modified Henderson apparatus, and the...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.2.5.574-582.1970
更新日期:1970-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both Streptococcus pyogenes and Streptococcus pneumoniae are widely thought to rapidly die outside the human host, losing infectivity following desiccation in the environment. However, to date, all literature investigating the infectivity of desiccated streptococci has used broth-grown, planktonic populations. In this...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01310-13
更新日期:2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Type II secretion (T2S) is one means by which Gram-negative pathogens secrete proteins into the extracellular milieu and/or host organisms. Based upon recent genome sequencing, it is clear that T2S is largely restricted to the Proteobacteria, occurring in many, but not all, genera in the Alphaproteobacteria, Betaprote...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1128/IAI.00014-17
更新日期:2017-04-21 00:00:00
abstract::The energy-dependent adsorption of radioiodinated rickettsiae to sheep erythrocytes was demonstrated. The iodination procedure, however, decreased the hemolytic activity of the rickettsiae. No desorption of rickettsiae from isolated rickettsia-erythrocyte complexes (prevented from lysing by NaF) could be measured. On ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.17.3.607-612.1977
更新日期:1977-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Borrelia burgdorferi encodes a functional homolog of canonical Lon protease termed Lon-2. In addition, B. burgdorferi encodes a second Lon homolog called Lon-1. Recent studies suggest that Lon-1 may function differently from the prototypical Lon protease. However, the function of Lon-1 in B. burgdorferi biology remain...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.00951-19
更新日期:2020-05-20 00:00:00
abstract::Host-adapted Gram-negative bacterial pathogens from the Pasteurellaceae, Neisseriaceae, and Moraxellaceae families normally reside in the upper respiratory or genitourinary tracts of their hosts and rely on utilizing iron from host transferrin (Tf) for growth and survival. The surface receptor proteins that mediate th...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.02572-14
更新日期:2015-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Human gamma delta T cells are known to respond at high frequencies to pathogenic mycobacteria. Here we show that opportunistic strains of mycobacteria share with pathogenic mycobacteria the ability to trigger at high frequencies human V gamma 9V delta 2 T-cell-receptor-positive T lymphocytes. Stimulating ligands were ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.7.2753-2757.1992
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Severe combined immunodeficient beige mice were inoculated orally and intraperitoneally with a bovine strain of Mycobacterium paratuberculosis to explore their potential as laboratory animal models in the study of paratuberculosis (Johne's disease). Control animals were similarly inoculated with heat-killed M. paratub...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.10.4074-4079.1992
更新日期:1992-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Escherichia coli and other members of the family Enterobacteriaceae express surface fibrillar structures, fimbriae, that promote bacterial adhesion to host receptors. Type 1 fimbriae possess a lectinlike component, FimH, that is commonly thought to cause binding to mannose-containing oligosaccharides of host receptors...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.60.11.4709-4719.1992
更新日期:1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using a PCR-based strategy and degenerate oligonucleotides, we isolated a Legionella pneumophila gene that showed high sequence similarity to members of the fliI gene family. An insertion mutation that disrupted the fliI open reading frame was recombined onto the L. pneumophila chromosome and analyzed for its effects ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.65.6.2497-2501.1997
更新日期:1997-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The concept that relates low virulence of certain alphaviruses to low viremia and efficient vascular clearance of virus was tested in guinea pigs. Previously published studies with hamsters suggested that virulent strains maintain high viremias primarily because they are cleared inefficiently from the blood. In the pr...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.17.2.356-360.1977
更新日期:1977-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Endocarditis isolates of Enterococcus faecalis produced biofilm significantly more often than nonendocarditis isolates, and 39% of 79 versus 6% of 84 isolates produced strong biofilm (P < 0.0001). esp was not required, but its presence was associated with higher amounts of biofilm (P < 0.001). Mutants disrupted in dlt...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.72.6.3658-3663.2004
更新日期:2004-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Vibrio cholerae V86 El Tor Inaba caused experimental cholera in germfree ICR suckling mice. Sucklings born of gnotobiotic mothers monoassociated with the same strain were completely protected against live oral homologous challenge. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.34.1.296-298.1981
更新日期:1981-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A parasitic protozoan, Leishmania mexicana amazonensis, was previously made resistant to tunicamycin (J.A. Kink and K.-P. Chang, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84:1253-1257, 1987). In the present study, six different tunicamycin-resistant variants were biologically and biochemically compared with their parental wild type ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.7.1692-1700.1987
更新日期:1987-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::An experimental model of coxsackievirus B3 infection in newborn mice was utilized to examine the protective role of antiviral antibodies and an interferon inducer, polyinosinic acid-polycytidylic acid [poly(I:C)]. Subcutaneous administration to the infected mice of specific antiviral antibodies resulted in significant...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.37.2.720-727.1982
更新日期:1982-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sera from adult periodontitis patients were analyzed for antibody activity against surface antigens of Bacteroides gingivalis by immunoblotting analysis. ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.55.3.832-834.1987
更新日期:1987-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The biochemical properties of polymorphonuclear neutrophils from blood and peritoneal exudates of rabbits were compared. All enzymes measured showed almost identical activities in both types of cells, except for alkaline phosphodiesterase, the activity of which was seven times higher in peritoneal neutrophils. During ...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1980-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Murine hybridoma cell lines were developed which synthesized monoclonal antibodies against Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans-associated antigens. Monoclonal antibodies specific for an antigen(s) common to all A. actinomycetemcomitans isolates tested but not detected on other gram-negative oral plaque microorganisms...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.56.5.1394-1398.1988
更新日期:1988-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Chagas' disease is a chronic infection caused by Trypanosoma cruzi and represents an important public health burden in Latin America. Frequently the disease evolves undetectable for decades, while in a significant fraction of the affected individuals it culminates in death by heart failure. Here, we describe a novel m...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/iai.72.4.2350-2357.2004
更新日期:2004-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The outer membrane of pathogenic Leptospira species grown in culture media contains lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a porin (OmpL1), and several lipoproteins, including LipL36 and LipL41. The purpose of this study was to characterize the expression and distribution of these outer membrane antigens during renal infection. Ha...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.67.2.853-861.1999
更新日期:1999-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Zoonotic infections caused by Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium pose a constant threat to consumer health, with the pig being a particularly major source of multidrug-resistant isolates. Vaccination, as a promising approach to reduce colonization and shedding, has been scarcely used, as it interferes with curren...
journal_title:Infection and immunity
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1128/IAI.01908-06
更新日期:2007-05-01 00:00:00