Abstract:
:The purpose of this study was to determine whether cross-education, defined as the increase in strength of an untrained limb after training of the contralateral homologous limb, is specific to low and high velocity eccentric training. Twenty-six subjects were randomized into two groups ( n=13 each) that performed unilateral eccentric training of the elbow flexors on an isokinetic dynamometer at velocities of either 30 degrees s(-1) (0.52 rad s(-1)) or 180 degrees s(-1) (3.14 rad s(-1 )). Subjects trained three times per week for 8 weeks. Ten subjects served as controls and did not train. Subjects were tested before and after training for peak torque of the elbow flexors during eccentric and concentric contractions at 30 degrees s(-1) and 180 degrees s(-1). Eccentric peak torque at the velocity of 180 degrees s(-1) in the untrained arm increased only for the group that trained at that velocity (P<0.05). There were no other changes in untrained arms for any of the groups at velocities of 30 degrees s(-1) or 180 degrees s(-1). For the trained arm, the increase in eccentric torque (pooled over velocities) was greatest for the group training at 180 degrees s(-1), whereas the increase in concentric torque was similar for the groups training at 30 degrees s(-1) and 180 degrees s(-1). For the trained arm, there was no specificity for velocity or contraction type. We conclude that cross-education was specific to contraction type and velocity when fast (but not slow) eccentric contractions were used during training; whereas there was no specificity of training in the trained arm.
journal_name
Eur J Appl Physioljournal_title
European journal of applied physiologyauthors
Farthing JP,Chilibeck PDdoi
10.1007/s00421-003-0841-3keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-08-01 00:00:00pages
570-7issue
6eissn
1439-6319issn
1439-6327journal_volume
89pub_type
临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract::The measurement of human muscle size is essential when assessing the effects of training, disuse and ageing. The considered 'gold standard' for cross-sectional area measurements of muscle size is magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, MRI is costly and often inaccessible. The aim of the present study was to test t...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-003-0961-9
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The absence of mechanical loading leads to a prompt increase in bone resorption measured by bone resorption markers. There is high potential that vibration training can positively influence bone metabolism in immobilized subjects, reduce the increase in osteoclastic activity and increase bone formation processes. We i...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2137-3
更新日期:2012-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of the current study was to investigate the effects of the probiotic Escherichia coli strain Nissle 1917 (EcN) on the exercise-induced disruption of gastrointestinal (GI) integrity and the associated release of damage and inflammatory markers. METHODS:After a pre-performance test, 19 untrained subjects...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04382-w
更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The purpose of the present article is to identify the most appropriate method of scaling VO2max for differences in body mass when assessing the energy cost of time-trial cycling. The data from three time-trial cycling studies were analysed (N = 79) using a proportional power-function ANCOVA model. The maximum oxygen u...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-005-1321-8
更新日期:2005-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protective effect of short-term creatine supplementation (CrS) upon markers of strenuous contractile activity-induced damage in human and rat skeletal muscles was investigated. Eight Ironman triathletes were randomized into the placebo (Pl; n = 4) and creatine-supplemented (CrS; n = 4) groups. Five days prior to t...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-009-1305-1
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Information concerning the validity and reliability of commercial on-line gas analysis systems is limited. The aim of this study was to provide a comparison of the validity and reliability of three on-line systems (Oxycon Alpha, Oxycon Pro and Pulmolab EX670) with that of Douglas bags. Two separate studies were conduc...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-001-0572-2
更新日期:2002-03-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Sarcopenia can begin from the 4-5th decade of life and is exacerbated by obesity and inactivity. A combination of resistance exercise (RE) and endurance exercise is recommended to combat rising obesity and inactivity levels. However, work continues to elucidate whether interference in adaptive outcomes occur wh...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3721-y
更新日期:2018-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::Breath-hold divers report transient, severe neurological symptoms that could be caused by arterial gas embolism after glossopharyngeal insufflation. This technique is often used to overinflate the lungs and stretch the chest prior to breath-holding and can increase the transpulmonary pressure to around 7-8 kPa, so int...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2494-6
更新日期:2013-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stressful exercise results in temporary immune depression. However, the impact of exercise on the immune responses via toll-like receptor (TLR) 7, which recognizes the common viral genomic feature, single-stranded RNA, remains unclear. To clarify the effect of stressful exercise on immune function in response to viral...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1560-1
更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::To clarify whether the resting background effects (genomic) or exercise-related action (non-genomic) of aldosterone (ALD) is primarily affected to an individual variation in the sweat Na+ concentration ([Na+]sweat), we analyzed the cross-sectional relationship between [Na+]sweat and the plasma ALD concentration during...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0295-5
更新日期:2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the effects of raising both skin temperature and core temperature, separately and in combination, on perceptions of heat-related fatigue (alertness, contentment, calmness and thermal comfort), cardiovascular function and on objective measures of cognitive performance (reaction time and accur...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0677-y
更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:This study aimed at investigating how prior knowledge of drop heights affects proactive and reactive motor control in drop jumps (DJ). METHODS:In 22 subjects, the effect of knowledge of three different drop heights (20, 30, 40 cm) during DJs was evaluated in seven conditions: three different drop heights were ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04186-7
更新日期:2019-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Single bout whole-body vibration (WBV) exercise has been shown to produce small but significant increases in oxygen consumption (VO(2)). How much more a complete whole-body exercise session (multiple dynamic exercises targeting both upper and lower body muscles) can increase VO(2) is unknown. The purpose of this study...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1984-2
更新日期:2012-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Although large knee extensor torque contributes to superior sprint performance, previous findings have indicated that the quadriceps cross-sectional area (CSA), a pivotal morphological regulator of knee extensor torque, is not correlated with performance in sprinters. We hypothesized that the knee extensor mome...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3557-5
更新日期:2017-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Intramuscular and surface electromyographic (EMG) activities were recorded from the left and right upper trapezius muscle of eight healthy male subjects during 5-min long static contractions at 2% and 5% of the maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) force. Intramuscular signals were detected by wire electrodes while surf...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-004-1261-8
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study examined the effect of hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) on the formation of 2,3-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,3-DHBA) and 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid (2,5-DHBA), the products of salicylate trapping of hydroxyl free radicals, and glutamate release in the striatum during acute ischemia and reperfusion. Non-HBO rats (n...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-009-1229-9
更新日期:2010-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:We compared the effects of different protocols of blood-flow restriction training (BFRT) with different occlusion pressures and/or exercise intensities on muscle mass and strength. We also compared BFRT protocols with conventional high-intensity resistance training (RT). METHODS:Twenty-six subjects had each le...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3253-2
更新日期:2015-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The insertion (I) variant of the angiotensin-1 converting enzyme (ACE) I/D genetic polymorphism is associated with lower circulating and tissue ACE activity. Some studies have also suggested associations of ACE I/D genotype with endurance phenotypes. This study assessed the relationships between circulating ACE activi...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0309-3
更新日期:2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of exhaustive exercise on technique preference and the accompanying physiological response during classic skiing at constant workload, but with varying incline-speed combinations. METHODS:Seven male competitive cross-country skiers performed four tests, each ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-018-3965-1
更新日期:2018-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to analyze the association between changes in total and regional fat (FM) and fat-free mass (FFM) over a season with resting (REE) and total energy expenditure (TEE) in elite basketball players. At the beginning of the pre-season and at the final of the competitive period, measures of total and regional FM, F...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2221-8
更新日期:2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Heart rate recovery (HRR) after submaximal exercise improves after training. However, it is unknown if this also occurs in already well-trained cyclists. Therefore, 14 well-trained cyclists (VO(2max) 60.3 +/- 7.2 ml kg(-1) min(-1); relative peak power output 5.2 +/- 0.6 W kg(-1)) participated in a high-intensity train...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0952-y
更新日期:2009-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::We used the direct Fick measurements to validate a method for estimating cardiac output by iteratively fitting VCO(2) at the mouth to lung model values. This model was run using a series of 50, 30 and 10 breaths to test sensitivity to number of breaths used for fitting. The lung was treated as a catenary two-compartme...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-005-1376-6
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Androgenic steroids administered in doses at pharmacological levels to sedentary animals have been shown to result in a reduced beta-adrenoceptor-mediated increase in systolic cardiac performance when assessed in vivo. Whether the attenuated adrenergic response occurs as a consequence of alterations in either cardiac ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004210050048
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined the influence of prior endurance exercise on hormonal responses to subsequent resistance exercise. Ten males exercised on a cycle ergometer at 50% of maximal oxygen uptake for 60 min and subsequently completed a resistance exercise (bench and leg press, four sets at ten repetitions maximum with an ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-004-1296-x
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We investigated the effect of increases in muscle afferent information from the shoulder girdle elevators on saccadic reaction time. Saccadic reaction time was measured under conditions of isometric voluntary contraction of the shoulder girdle elevators and vibratory stimulation of the trapezius. Saccadic reaction tim...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004210100509
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In order to quantify the seasonal variability of haemoglobin mass (Hb(mass)) in cyclists during a competitive season, and investigate whether variability is associated with changes in training load or performance, Hb(mass) was measured in 10 internationally competitive female road cyclists approximately once per month...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-009-1349-2
更新日期:2010-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The dysfunctional sympathetic nervous system in individuals with cervical spinal cord injury (CSCI) impairs adrenergic responses and may, therefore, contribute to the blunted post-exercise cytokine response. The purpose of this study was to investigate an alternative way to exercise to induce an acute cytokine ...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-015-3206-9
更新日期:2015-11-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:The motor cortex (M1) appears to be a primary site of adaptation following both a single session, and repeated strength-training sessions across multiple weeks. Given that a single session of strength-training is sufficient to induce modification at the level of the M1 and corticospinal tract, this study sought...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04316-6
更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is not known how the mode of exercise, dynamic and static exercises, affects the limb volume. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to investigate hand and wrist volume (HWV) after dynamic and static handgrip exercise. Nine healthy subjects (age 31.8 +/- 7.3 years; height 172.0 +/- 5.7 cm; body mass 66.9 +/- 8.1...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s00421-008-0672-3
更新日期:2008-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to analyze the dynamic behavior of the high-frequency component (HF > 0.15 Hz) of heart rate variability (HRV) and the respiratory frequency in relation to the anaerobic threshold (AT). Twenty-two healthy subjects [mean (SD) age: 24 (6) years, height: 175 (10) cm, body mass: 65 (11) kg] compl...
journal_title:European journal of applied physiology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1007/s004210000302
更新日期:2000-11-01 00:00:00