Tracking the corticospinal responses to strength training.

Abstract:

PURPOSE:The motor cortex (M1) appears to be a primary site of adaptation following both a single session, and repeated strength-training sessions across multiple weeks. Given that a single session of strength-training is sufficient to induce modification at the level of the M1 and corticospinal tract, this study sought to determine how these acute changes in M1 and corticospinal tract might accumulate across the course of a 2-week heavy-load strength-training program. METHODS:Transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used to infer corticospinal excitability (CSE), intracortical facilitation (ICF), short and long-interval intracortical inhibition (SICI and LICI) and silent period duration prior to and following each training session during a 2-week heavy-load strength-training period. RESULTS:Following 2-weeks of strength-training, increases in strength (15.5%, P = 0.01) were accompanied by an increase in CSE (44%, P = 0.006) and reductions in both silent period duration (14%, P < 0.0001) and SICI (35%, P = 0.0004). Early training sessions acutely increased CSE and ICF, and acutely reduced silent period duration and SICI. However, later training sessions failed to modulate SICI and ICF, with substantial adaptations occurring offline between training sessions. No acute or retained changes in LICI were observed. Co-contraction of antagonists reduced by 36% following 2-weeks of strength-training. CONCLUSIONS:Collectively, these results indicate that corticospinal plasticity occurs within and between training sessions throughout a training period in distinct early and later stages that are modulated by separate mechanisms of plasticity. The development of strength is akin to the previously reported changes that occur following motor skill training.

journal_name

Eur J Appl Physiol

authors

Mason J,Frazer AK,Avela J,Pearce AJ,Howatson G,Kidgell DJ

doi

10.1007/s00421-020-04316-6

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

2020-04-01 00:00:00

pages

783-798

issue

4

eissn

1439-6319

issn

1439-6327

pii

10.1007/s00421-020-04316-6

journal_volume

120

pub_type

杂志文章,随机对照试验
  • Acute and chronic neuromuscular electrical stimulation and postural balance: a review.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Electro-induced (EI) muscle actions are largely used in healthy subjects to improve motor performance, in frail/older subjects to limit sarcopenia and mobility loss, and in pathological subjects to restore functional abilities after injury and/or surgical operation. Their effects on motor output (e.g., muscle s...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04383-9

    authors: Paillard T

    更新日期:2020-07-01 00:00:00

  • Determinants, analysis and interpretation of the muscle compound action potential (M wave) in humans: implications for the study of muscle fatigue.

    abstract::The compound muscle action potential (M wave) has been commonly used to assess the peripheral properties of the neuromuscular system. More specifically, changes in the M-wave features are used to examine alterations in neuromuscular propagation that can occur during fatiguing contractions. The utility of the M wave is...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s00421-017-3788-5

    authors: Rodriguez-Falces J,Place N

    更新日期:2018-03-01 00:00:00

  • Multiple short bouts of exercise are better than a single continuous bout for cardiometabolic health: a randomised crossover trial.

    abstract:PURPOSE:To compare cardiometabolic responses to five consecutive days of daily postprandial exercise accumulated in three 10-min bouts or a single 30-min bout to a no-exercise control. METHODS:Ten insufficiently active adults completed three trials in a randomised order. Each trial comprised five consecutive days of 3...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04461-y

    authors: Shambrook P,Kingsley MI,Taylor NF,Wundersitz DW,Wundersitz CE,Gordon BA

    更新日期:2020-11-01 00:00:00

  • Acute resistance exercise reduces blood pressure and vascular reactivity, and increases endothelium-dependent relaxation in spontaneously hypertensive rats.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of acute dynamic resistance exercise on resting blood pressure (BP) and on endothelial function of vascular bed of spontaneously hypertensive rats. Hemodynamic measurements were performed before and after acute dynamic resistance exercise in conscious animals. Aft...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1508-5

    authors: Faria Tde O,Targueta GP,Angeli JK,Almeida EA,Stefanon I,Vassallo DV,Lizardo JH

    更新日期:2010-09-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of spontaneously chosen crank rate variations on electromyographic responses in sub-maximal arm exercise in inexperienced subjects.

    abstract::The aim of the present study was to compare electromyographic responses during arm exercises with a crank rate chosen spontaneously ( T(S)) or set at 20% below or above ( T(-20), T(+20)) the spontaneously chosen crank rate (SCCR). Ten male physical education students performed arm exercises with intensities ranging fr...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-004-1187-1

    authors: Marais G,Dupont L,Vanvelcenaher J,Clarys JP,Pelayo P

    更新日期:2004-08-01 00:00:00

  • Persistence of critical flicker fusion frequency impairment after a 33 mfw SCUBA dive: evidence of prolonged nitrogen narcosis?

    abstract::One of the possible risks incurred while diving is inert gas narcosis (IGN), yet its mechanism of action remains a matter of controversy. Although providing insights in the basic mechanisms of IGN, research has been primarily limited to animal studies. A human study, in real diving conditions, was needed. Twenty volun...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2391-z

    authors: Balestra C,Lafère P,Germonpré P

    更新日期:2012-12-01 00:00:00

  • Regional differences in facial skin blood flow responses to thermal stimulation.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The facial skin blood flow (SkBF) shows regional differences in the responses to a given stimulation. The facial SkBFs, especially in the eyelid and nose exhibit unique response to physiological and psychological stimuli, but the mechanisms inducing those regional differences remain unclear. To investigate whet...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04109-6

    authors: Miyaji A,Hayashi S,Hayashi N

    更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00

  • An integrated view on the oxygenation responses to incremental exercise at the brain, the locomotor and respiratory muscles.

    abstract::In the past two decades oxygenation responses to incremental ramp exercise, measured non-invasively by means of near-infrared spectroscopy at different locations in the body, have advanced the insights on the underpinning mechanisms of the whole-body pulmonary oxygen uptake ([Formula: see text]) response. In healthy s...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s00421-016-3468-x

    authors: Boone J,Vandekerckhove K,Coomans I,Prieur F,Bourgois JG

    更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of intensive, moderate and downhill treadmill running on human blood lymphocytes expressing the adhesion/activation molecules CD54 (ICAM-1), CD18 (beta2 integrin) and CD53.

    abstract::This study examined the effects of intensive, moderate and downhill treadmill running on blood lymphocyte expression of adhesion/activation (AA) molecules. Trained subjects completed three treadmill-running protocols of identical duration: (1) an intensive protocol at 80% VO2max to volitional exhaustion, (2) a moderat...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-006-0146-4

    authors: Simpson RJ,Florida-James GD,Whyte GP,Guy K

    更新日期:2006-05-01 00:00:00

  • Sweat sodium concentration during exercise in the heat in aerobically trained and untrained humans.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine whether sweat sodium concentration ([Na(+)](sweat)) during exercise in the heat differs between aerobically trained and untrained individuals. On three occasions, ten endurance-trained (Tr) and ten untrained (UTr) subjects (VO2peak = 4.0 ± 0.8 vs. 3.4 ± 0.7 L min(-1), respect...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1911-6

    authors: Hamouti N,Del Coso J,Ortega JF,Mora-Rodriguez R

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • A mathematical model for carbon dioxide elimination: an insight for tuning mechanical ventilation.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The aim is to provide better understanding of carbon dioxide (CO2) elimination during ventilation for both the healthy and atelectatic condition, derived in a pressure-controlled mode. Therefore, we present a theoretical analysis of CO2 elimination of healthy and diseased lungs. METHODS:Based on a single-compa...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-013-2754-0

    authors: Pomprapa A,Schwaiberger D,Lachmann B,Leonhardt S

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Adaptation of the short latency component of the stretch reflex plays only a minor role in compensating for muscle fatigue induced by spontaneous hopping in humans.

    abstract::The influence of fatigue on the stretch reflex evoked in ankle extensor muscles by hopping was investigated in six healthy men. The men hopped on a force platform, at spontaneous frequency and amplitude, until they were unable to maintain the initial frequency or amplitude of the jumps. This task was done with the kne...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s004210000324

    authors: Maton B,Le Pellec A

    更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00

  • Measurement of human energy expenditure, with particular reference to field studies: an historical perspective.

    abstract::Over the years, techniques for the study of human movement have ranged in complexity and precision from direct observation of the subject through activity diaries, questionnaires, and recordings of body movement, to the measurement of physiological responses, studies of metabolism and indirect and direct calorimetry. ...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章,评审

    doi:10.1007/s00421-011-2268-6

    authors: Shephard RJ,Aoyagi Y

    更新日期:2012-08-01 00:00:00

  • Combined cycle and run performance is maximised when the cycle is completed at the highest sustainable intensity.

    abstract::The aim of this study was to determine the effect of cycle intensity on subsequent running performance and combined cycle-run (CR) performance. Seven triathletes undertook a cycling graded exercise test to exhaustion, an isolated 500-kJ cycle time trial (CTT) and an isolated 5-km running time trial. Then they performe...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1547-y

    authors: Suriano R,Bishop D

    更新日期:2010-11-01 00:00:00

  • Comparison of muscle hypertrophy following 6-month of continuous and periodic strength training.

    abstract::To compare the effects of a periodic resistance training (PTR) program with those of a continuous resistance training (CTR) program on muscle size and function, 14 young men were randomly divided into a CTR group and a PTR group. Both groups performed high-intensity bench press exercise training [75 % of one repetitio...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-012-2511-9

    authors: Ogasawara R,Yasuda T,Ishii N,Abe T

    更新日期:2013-04-01 00:00:00

  • Heritability of explosive power and anaerobic capacity in humans.

    abstract::There is a disparity in the information about the heritability of the response of muscle anaerobic metabolism to exercise and the use of explosive power, as well as a lack of information concerning the genetic determinants of this form of work, as measured using different specific physical tests. We applied a battery ...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s004210100522

    authors: Calvo M,Rodas G,Vallejo M,Estruch A,Arcas A,Javierre C,Viscor G,Ventura JL

    更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00

  • The effects of supplementation with 19-nor-4-androstene-3,17-dione and 19-nor-4-androstene-3,17-diol on body composition and athletic performance in previously weight-trained male athletes.

    abstract::The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of 8 weeks of norsteroid supplementation on body composition and athletic performance in previously weight-trained males. Subjects were weight and percent body fat matched and randomly assigned to receive either 100 mg of 19-nor-4-androstene-3,17-dione (N-dione) a...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s004210100395

    authors: Van Gammeren D,Falk D,Antonio J

    更新日期:2001-05-01 00:00:00

  • Impact of a novel home-based exercise intervention on health indicators in inactive premenopausal women: a 12-week randomised controlled trial.

    abstract:PURPOSE:This study tested the hypothesis that a novel, audio-visual-directed, home-based exercise training intervention would be effective at improving cardiometabolic health and mental well-being in inactive premenopausal women. METHODS:Twenty-four inactive premenopausal women (39 ± 10 years) were randomly assigned t...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-020-04315-7

    authors: Connolly LJ,Scott S,Morencos CM,Fulford J,Jones AM,Knapp K,Krustrup P,Bailey SJ,Bowtell JL

    更新日期:2020-04-01 00:00:00

  • Noninvasive assessment of arterial distensibility in adolescents using the second derivative of photoplethysmogram waveform.

    abstract::To clarify the clinical usefulness of the second derivative of the waveform of the fingertip photoplethysmogram (SDPTG), we examined the relationship between the pattern of the SDPTG waveform and risk factors related to atherosclerosis in 1,495 boys and girls aged 9-17 years. The fingertip photoplethysmogram and its s...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s004210100520

    authors: Miyai N,Miyashita K,Arita M,Morioka I,Kamiya K,Takeda S

    更新日期:2001-12-01 00:00:00

  • Muscle oxygenation of vastus lateralis and medialis muscles during alternating and pulsed current electrical stimulation.

    abstract::This study compared between alternating and pulsed current electrical muscle stimulation (EMS) for muscle oxygenation and blood volume during isometric contractions. Nine healthy men (23-48 years) received alternating current EMS (2500 Hz) modulated at 75 Hz on the knee extensors of one leg, and pulsed current EMS (75...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1699-9

    authors: Aldayel A,Muthalib M,Jubeau M,McGuigan M,Nosaka K

    更新日期:2011-05-01 00:00:00

  • The effect of ethnicity on the vascular responses to cold exposure of the extremities.

    abstract:PURPOSE:Cold injuries are more prevalent in individuals of African descent (AFD). Therefore, we investigated the effect of extremity cooling on skin blood flow (SkBF) and temperature (T sk) between ethnic groups. METHODS:Thirty males [10 Caucasian (CAU), 10 Asian (ASN), 10 AFD] undertook three tests in 30 °C air whils...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-014-2962-2

    authors: Maley MJ,Eglin CM,House JR,Tipton MJ

    更新日期:2014-11-01 00:00:00

  • High-load resistance exercise with superimposed vibration and vascular occlusion increases critical power, capillaries and lean mass in endurance-trained men.

    abstract:PURPOSE:It is a widely accepted premise in the scientific community and by athletes alike, that adding resistance exercise to a regular regimen of endurance training increases endurance performance in endurance-trained men. However, critical power (CP), capillarization, and myofiber size remain unaffected by this addit...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-013-2752-2

    authors: Mueller SM,Aguayo D,Lunardi F,Ruoss S,Boutellier U,Frese S,Petersen JA,Jung HH,Toigo M

    更新日期:2014-01-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of dietary leucine supplementation on exercise performance.

    abstract::Branched chain amino acids (BCAA), particularly leucine, have been suggested to be ergogenic for both endurance and strength/power performance. This study investigated the effects of dietary leucine supplementation on the exercise performance of outrigger canoeists. Thirteen (ten female, three male) competitive outrig...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0036-1

    authors: Crowe MJ,Weatherson JN,Bowden BF

    更新日期:2006-08-01 00:00:00

  • Thermal stress modulates arterial pressure variability and arterial baroreflex response of heart rate during head-up tilt in humans.

    abstract::To examine the effects of thermal stress on the blood pressure variability and the arterial baroreceptor-cardiac reflex during orthostatic stress, 11 male volunteers underwent whole body thermal stress using a cool or hot water-perfused suit during 5 min of 70 degrees head-up tilt (HUT). The spontaneous variability in...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s004210100387

    authors: Yamazaki F,Sone R

    更新日期:2001-04-01 00:00:00

  • Metabolic and muscular factors limiting aerobic exercise in obese subjects.

    abstract:PURPOSE:The aim of the present study was to understand the role of central (cardiovascular O2 delivery) and peripheral factors (muscle level) in limiting the maximal aerobic performance in obese (OB) subjects. METHODS:Fifteen OB (mean age ± SD 25 ± 7 years; BMI 43 ± 7 kg/m2) and 13 lean sedentary subjects (CTRL, age 2...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-019-04167-w

    authors: Vaccari F,Floreani M,Tringali G,De Micheli R,Sartorio A,Lazzer S

    更新日期:2019-08-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of exercise intensity on lymphocyte apoptosis induced by oxidative stress in men.

    abstract::Exercise is linked with intensity-dependent immune response. Intracellular redox status is important in programmed cell death. This study, by closely examining 18 sedentary men who exercised moderately and severely (ie. 60% and 80% VO2max, respectively) for 40 min, investigated how exercise intensities influence intra...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-005-0005-8

    authors: Wang JS,Huang YH

    更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00

  • Effects of intermittent hypoxia on SaO(2), cerebral and muscle oxygenation during maximal exercise in athletes with exercise-induced hypoxemia.

    abstract::In a placebo-controlled study, the effects of intermittent hypoxic exposures (IHE) or a placebo control for 10 days, were examined on the extent of exercise-induced hypoxemia (EIH), cerebral and muscle oxygenation (near-infrared spectroscopy) and VO(2peak). Eight athletes who had previously displayed EIH (fall in satu...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-007-0616-3

    authors: Marshall HC,Hamlin MJ,Hellemans J,Murrell C,Beattie N,Hellemans I,Perry T,Burns A,Ainslie PN

    更新日期:2008-09-01 00:00:00

  • Muscle architecture and EMG activity changes during isotonic and isokinetic eccentric exercises.

    abstract::The present study aimed to compare muscle architecture and electromyographic activity during isotonic (IT) and isokinetic (IK) knee extensors eccentric contractions. Seventeen subjects were assigned in test and reproducibility groups. During test session, subjects performed two IT and two IK sets of eccentric contract...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验

    doi:10.1007/s00421-011-1894-3

    authors: Guilhem G,Cornu C,Guével A

    更新日期:2011-11-01 00:00:00

  • Plasma adiponectin concentration is associated with the average accelerometer daily steps counts in healthy elderly females.

    abstract::This study is aimed to evaluate whether circulating adiponectin concentration is associated with physical activity (PA) level in healthy older females. To date, daily PA in older adults (> or = 65 years) has primarily relied on self-report. This study used accelerometry, which objectively measured minute-by-minute mov...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-010-1423-9

    authors: Jürimäe J,Kums T,Jürimäe T

    更新日期:2010-07-01 00:00:00

  • Ski skating technique and physiological responses across slopes and speeds.

    abstract::Appropriate technique choice may affect ski performance. V2 ski skating technique has in recent years become more widely applied on uphill terrain where V1 technique has typically been used. This investigation compared physiological responses of skiers using V1 and V2 techniques during uphill treadmill roller-skiing. ...

    journal_title:European journal of applied physiology

    pub_type: 杂志文章

    doi:10.1007/s00421-005-1332-5

    authors: Kvamme B,Jakobsen V,Hetland S,Smith G

    更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00