Abstract:
:There exist a limited but growing number of biological metal centers whose properties lie conspicuously outside the realm of known inorganic chemistry. The synthetic analogue approach, broadly directed, offers a powerful exploratory tool that can define intrinsic chemical possibilities for these sites while simultaneously expanding the frontiers of fundamental inorganic chemistry. This speculative application of analogue study is exemplified here in the evolution of synthetic efforts inspired by the cluster chemistry of biological nitrogen fixation.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Lee SC,Holm RHdoi
10.1073/pnas.0630028100keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2003-04-01 00:00:00pages
3595-600issue
7eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
0630028100journal_volume
100pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Pathogenic Yersinia spp. carry a large common plasmid that encodes a number of essential virulence determinants. Included in these factors are the Yersinia-secreted proteins called Yops. We analyzed the consequences of wild-type and mutant strains of Yersinia pseudotuberculosis interactions with the macrophage cell li...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.19.10385
更新日期:1997-09-16 00:00:00
abstract::Nerve cells depend on specific interactions with glial cells for proper function. Myelinating glial cells are thought to associate with neuronal axons, in part, via the cell-surface adhesion protein, myelin-associated glycoprotein (MAG). MAG is also thought to be a major inhibitor of neurite outgrowth (axon regenerati...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.93.2.814
更新日期:1996-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::The heart has not been regarded as a major target organ of 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) toxicity notwithstanding that lethal cardiac dysfunction can occur in the absence of histopathological changes. To assess possible TCDD cardiotoxicity, we studied the effect of TCDD five days after treatment (10 micro...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.3.905
更新日期:1988-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ras oncogene products require membrane localization for their function, and this is thought to be accomplished by the addition of a palmitoyl group to a cysteine residue near the carboxyl terminus of the nascent chain. A lipidated carboxyl-terminal cysteine residue is also found in sequence-related yeast sex facto...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.13.4643
更新日期:1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro assembly of tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) from its constituent RNA and protein occurs in two steps: formation of the initial complex by interaction of the 5'-end of TMV-RNA with 20S protein aggregate, and growth of the helical rod by sequential addition of protein subunits.Such a process was also observed in the...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.69.12.3680
更新日期:1972-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The ability to control the placement of individual protein molecules on surfaces could enable advances in a wide range of areas, from the development of nanoscale biomolecular devices to fundamental studies in cell biology. Such control, however, remains a challenge in nanobiotechnology due to the limitations of curre...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1116099108
更新日期:2011-12-06 00:00:00
abstract::Cachectin (tumor necrosis factor) is a powerful macrophage hormone released during infection, which circulates in blood to produce diverse effects in the organism. We examined the effect of cachectin on release of anterior pituitary hormones from either hemipituitaries or dispersed pituitary cells incubated in vitro. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.7.2418
更新日期:1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The amphiphilic fluorescent styryl pyridinium dyes FM1-43 and FM4-64 are used to probe activity-dependent synaptic vesicle cycling in neurons. Cultured astrocytes can internalize FM1-43 and FM4-64 inside vesicles but their uptake is insensitive to the elevation of cytosolic calcium (Ca(2+)) concentration and the under...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0909109106
更新日期:2009-12-22 00:00:00
abstract::For the design of potent subunit vaccines, it is of paramount importance to identify all antigens immunologically recognized by a patient population infected with a pathogen. We have developed a rapid and efficient procedure to identify such commonly recognized antigens, and here we provide a comprehensive in vivo ant...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.092569199
更新日期:2002-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::A change-point detection is proposed by using a Bayesian-type statistic based on the shortest Hamiltonian path, and the change-point is estimated by using ratio cut. A permutation procedure is applied to approximate the significance of Bayesian-type statistics. The change-point test is proven to be consistent, and an ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1702654114
更新日期:2017-04-11 00:00:00
abstract::Morphological studies have provided ample evidence for synaptic connections between cerebellar Purkinje cells (PCs), but the functional properties of these synapses remain elusive. We report on direct recordings of synaptically connected PCs in mice cerebellar slices. In PCs filled with a fluorescent dye to aid axon v...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0707489104
更新日期:2007-11-06 00:00:00
abstract::Two functional human dUTP pyrophosphatase (dUTPase; EC 3.6.1.23) cDNAs were isolated from a cDNA expression library by genetic complementation in Escherichia coli. These cDNAs differed in size but exhibited a common overlapping DNA sequence. Contained within this sequence was a single long open reading frame sufficien...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.8020
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The basis for the 200-fold difference in affinity between two hybridoma antibodies specific for the hapten p-azophenylarsonate (Ars) that have diversified by somatic hypermutation was examined. Oligonucleotide-directed mutagenesis was used to sequentially convert the nucleotide sequence of the lower-affinity antibody ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.87.12.4814
更新日期:1990-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Fungi play crucial roles in the biogeochemistry of terrestrial ecosystems, most notably as saprophytes decomposing organic matter and as mycorrhizal fungi enhancing plant nutrient uptake. However, a recurrent problem in fungal ecology is to establish the trophic status of species in the field. Our interpretations and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.15.8534
更新日期:1999-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Dendritic spines receive most synaptic inputs in the forebrain. Their morphology, with a spine head isolated from the dendrite by a slender neck, indicates a potential role in isolating inputs. Indeed, biochemical compartmentalization occurs at spine heads because of the diffusional bottleneck created by the spine nec...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0608755103
更新日期:2006-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Wild-type p53 protein is a growth modulator whose inactivation has been found to be a key event in malignant transformation. Reconstitution of wild-type p53 in the p53-nonproducer, Abelson murine leukemia virus-transformed pre-B-cell line L12 gave rise to stably growing clones. Wild-type p53-producer derived cell line...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.88.20.8982
更新日期:1991-10-15 00:00:00
abstract::Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) oxygenates arachidonic acid (AA) and its ester analog, 2-arachidonoylglycerol (2-AG), to prostaglandins (PGs) and prostaglandin glyceryl esters (PG-Gs), respectively. Although the efficiency of oxygenation of these substrates by COX-2 in vitro is similar, cellular biosynthesis of PGs far excee...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1507307112
更新日期:2015-10-06 00:00:00
abstract::A population of procollagen molecules has been isolated from the culture medium of a clonal line of calf dermatosparactic cells and shown to have the amino-acid composition, physical properties, and molecular structure consistent with collagen precursors. Although this procollagen population shares immunologic determi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.71.8.3009
更新日期:1974-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Whereas several apoptosis-related proteins have been linked to the antiapoptotic effects of Akt serine-threonine kinase, the search continues to explain the Akt signaling role in promoting cell survival via antiapoptotic effects. Here, we demonstrate that Akt phosphorylates the androgen receptor (AR) at Ser-210 and Se...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.121173298
更新日期:2001-06-19 00:00:00
abstract::Thiol-dependent redox regulation allows the rapid adaptation of chloroplast function to unpredictable changes in light intensity. Traditionally, it has been considered that chloroplast redox regulation relies on photosynthetically reduced ferredoxin (Fd), thioredoxins (Trxs), and an Fd-dependent Trx reductase (FTR), t...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1706003114
更新日期:2017-11-07 00:00:00
abstract::Ig class-switch recombination (CSR) is directed by the long and repetitive switch regions and requires activation-induced cytidine deaminase (AID). One of the conserved switch-region sequence motifs (AGCT) is a preferred site for AID-mediated DNA-cytosine deamination. By using somatic gene targeting and recombinase-me...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1018726108
更新日期:2011-07-12 00:00:00
abstract::In a search for a model cell system that might allow studies of the function of the Rho-related GTPase CDC42Hs in human cells, we measured the content and distribution of CDC42Hs in monocytes that were differentiating into macrophages. The total content of this protein increased 5- to 6-fold in phorbol ester-treated h...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.91.10.4263
更新日期:1994-05-10 00:00:00
abstract::Circadian pacemaking requires the orderly synthesis, posttranslational modification, and degradation of clock proteins. In mammals, mutations in casein kinase 1 (CK1) epsilon or delta can alter the circadian period, but the particular functions of the WT isoforms within the pacemaker remain unclear. We selectively tar...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1005101107
更新日期:2010-08-24 00:00:00
abstract::A defect in the yeast GEF1 gene, a CLC chloride channel homolog leads to an iron requirement and cation sensitivity. The iron requirement is due to a failure to load Cu2+ onto a component of the iron uptake system, Fet3. This process, which requires both Gef1 and the Menkes disease Cu2+-ATPase yeast homolog Ccc2, occu...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.95.7.4046
更新日期:1998-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Legionella pneumophila is an intracellular parasite of freshwater protozoa and human macrophages. Recent studies determined that the macrophage infectivity potentiator (Mip) surface protein, a prokaryotic homolog of the FK506-binding proteins, is required for optimal infection of macrophages. To determine whether Mip ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.11.5188
更新日期:1992-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have studied the effect of the cholinergic agonist carbachol on the spontaneous release of glutamate in cultured rat hippocampal cells. Spontaneous excitatory postsynaptic currents (sEPSCs) through glutamatergic alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type channels were recorded by means of ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.94.22.12224
更新日期:1997-10-28 00:00:00
abstract::Nitric oxide-releasing compounds were shown to activate an ADP-ribosyltransferase activity in the cytosol of Dictyostelium discoideum. The enzyme ADP-ribosylated a cytosolic protein of approximately 41 kDa, p41. Neither cGMP nor GTP and its analogues affected this ADP-ribosylation. p41 differs from other substrates AD...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.13.5902
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Outer membrane protein (OMP) biogenesis is critical to bacterial physiology because the cellular envelope is vital to bacterial pathogenesis and antibiotic resistance. The process of OMP biogenesis has been studied in vivo, and each of its components has been studied in isolation in vitro. This work integrates paramet...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1601002113
更新日期:2016-08-16 00:00:00
abstract::Neonicotinoid insecticides control crop pests based on their action as agonists at the insect nicotinic acetylcholine receptor, which accepts chloropyridinyl- and chlorothiazolyl-analogs almost equally well. In some cases, these compounds have also been reported to enhance plant vigor and (a)biotic stress tolerance, i...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1013020107
更新日期:2010-10-12 00:00:00
abstract::Studies of replicative and chronological lifespan in Saccharomyces cerevisiae have advanced understanding of longevity in all eukaryotes. Chronological lifespan in this species is defined as the age-dependent viability of nondividing cells. To date this parameter has only been estimated under calorie restriction, mimi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1323918111
更新日期:2014-04-15 00:00:00