Protein-solvent preferential interactions, protein hydration, and the modulation of biochemical reactions by solvent components.

abstract：:When the content of cyclic AMP (cAMP) was compared in livers of a series of congenic mouse strains differing at the H-2 locus, significant variation in concentration of cAMP per unit wet weight was found among strains, and also for animals of a given strain with increasing age. For a given age, from 8 to 22 weeks, cAM...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Meruelo D,Edidin M

更新日期：1975-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:αβ T-cell repertoire selection is mediated by peptide-MHC complexes presented by thymic epithelial or myeloid cells, and by lipid-CD1 complexes expressed by thymocytes. γδ T-cell repertoire selection, by contrast, is largely unresolved. Mice mutant for Skint-1, a unique Ig superfamily gene, do not develop canonical Vγ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Barbee SD,Woodward MJ,Turchinovich G,Mention JJ,Lewis JM,Boyden LM,Lifton RP,Tigelaar R,Hayday AC

更新日期：2011-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Given their relatively small area, mangroves and their organic sediments are of disproportionate importance to global carbon sequestration and carbon storage. Peat deposition and preservation allows some mangroves to accrete vertically and keep pace with sea-level rise by growing on their own root remains. In this stu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ezcurra P,Ezcurra E,Garcillán PP,Costa MT,Aburto-Oropeza O

更新日期：2016-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：:DNA was extracted from the remains of 35 ground sloths from various parts of North and South America. Two specimens of Mylodon darwinii, a species that went extinct at the end of the last glaciation, yielded amplifiable DNA. However, of the total DNA extracted, only approximately 1/1000 originated from the sloth, wher...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Höss M,Dilling A,Currant A,Pääbo S

更新日期：1996-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Full activation of T cells requires signaling through the T-cell antigen receptor (TCR) and additional surface molecules interacting with ligands on the antigen-presenting cell. TCR recognition of agonist ligands in the absence of accessory signals frequently results in the induction of a state of unresponsiveness ter...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Madrenas J,Schwartz RH,Germain RN

更新日期：1996-09-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Chromatin states can be distinguished by differential covalent modifications of histones or by utilization of histone variants. Chromatin associated with transcriptionally active loci becomes enriched for histones with particular lysine modifications and accumulates the H3.3 histone variant, the substrate for replicat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McKittrick E,Gafken PR,Ahmad K,Henikoff S

更新日期：2004-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Although heparin and low-molecular-weight heparins (LMWH) have been widely used clinically as anticoagulants, their broader use has been limited by the lack of noninvasive delivery methods for this class of molecules. In this study, we demonstrate an efficient, rapid, and reproducible delivery system for heparin throu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Qi Y,Zhao G,Liu D,Shriver Z,Sundaram M,Sengupta S,Venkataraman G,Langer R,Sasisekharan R

更新日期：2004-06-29 00:00:00

abstract：:For several decades, the iron-based Fenton-like catalysis has been believed to be mediated by hydroxyl radicals or high-valent iron-oxo species, while only sporadic evidence supported the generation of singlet oxygen (1O2) in the Haber-Weiss cycle. Herein, we report an unprecedented singlet oxygen mediated Fenton-like...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yang Z,Qian J,Yu A,Pan B

更新日期：2019-04-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Mechanical forces have key roles in regulating activation of T cells and coordination of the adaptive immune response. A recent example is the ability of T cells to sense the rigidity of an underlying substrate through the T-cell receptor (TCR) coreceptor CD3 and CD28, a costimulation signal essential for cell activat...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bashour KT,Gondarenko A,Chen H,Shen K,Liu X,Huse M,Hone JC,Kam LC

更新日期：2014-02-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Although the ribosome is a very general catalyst, it cannot synthesize all protein sequences equally well. For example, ribosomes stall on the secretion monitor (SecM) leader peptide to regulate expression of a downstream gene. Using a genetic selection in Escherichia coli, we identified additional nascent peptide mot...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Woolstenhulme CJ,Parajuli S,Healey DW,Valverde DP,Petersen EN,Starosta AL,Guydosh NR,Johnson WE,Wilson DN,Buskirk AR

更新日期：2013-03-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Plants can recognize and resist invading pathogens by signaling the induction of rapid defense responses. Often these responses are mediated by single dominant resistance genes (R genes). The products of R genes have been postulated to recognize the pathogen and trigger rapid host defense responses. Here we describe i...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dinesh-Kumar SP,Whitham S,Choi D,Hehl R,Corr C,Baker B

更新日期：1995-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Serpentine barrens represent extreme hazards for plant colonists. These sites are characterized by high porosity leading to drought, lack of essential mineral nutrients, and phytotoxic levels of metals. Nevertheless, nature forged populations adapted to these challenges. Here, we use a population-based evolutionary ge...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Arnold BJ,Lahner B,DaCosta JM,Weisman CM,Hollister JD,Salt DE,Bomblies K,Yant L

更新日期：2016-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Based on the DNA sequence of the symbiotic plasmid of Rhizobium strain NGR234, we predicted potential rearrangements generated by homologous recombination. All predicted rearrangements were identified experimentally by using a PCR-based methodology. Thus, the predicted and the actual dynamic maps of the replicon coinc...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Flores M,Mavingui P,Perret X,Broughton WJ,Romero D,Hernández G,Dávila G,Palacios R

更新日期：2000-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cardiotoxin VII4 from Naja mossambica mossambica crystallizes in space group P61 (a = b = 73.9 A; c = 59.0 A) with two molecules of toxin (molecular mass = 6715 Da) in the asymmetric unit. The structure was solved by using a combination of multiple isomorphous replacement and density modification methods. Model buildi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rees B,Samama JP,Thierry JC,Gilibert M,Fischer J,Schweitz H,Lazdunski M,Moras D

更新日期：1987-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We define an integer invariant [Formula: see text] of a smooth, compact, closed 4-manifold X by minimizing a certain complexity of a trisection of X over all trisections. The good feature of [Formula: see text] is that when [Formula: see text] and X is a homology 4-sphere, then X is diffeomorphic to the 4-sphere. Natu...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kirby R,Thompson A

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:This communication reports a modulating effect of intracellular ATP on the steady-state and kinetic properties of the delayed rectifier of the giant axon of the squid. When internally dialyzed or perfused giant axons from Loligo plei or Loligo pealei are voltage clamped at -60 mV and washed free of ATP, the potassium ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Bezanilla F,Caputo C,DiPolo R,Rojas H

更新日期：1986-04-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Homeodomain-interacting protein kinase-2 (HIPK2) is a serine/threonine kinase involved in transcriptional regulation and apoptosis. The transcriptional corepressor CtBP (carboxyl-terminal binding protein) also plays a fundamental role in these processes. Our previous studies indicate that HIPK2 participates in a pathw...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Zhang Q,Nottke A,Goodman RH

更新日期：2005-02-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Biological membranes are complex, self-organized structures that define boundaries and compartmentalize space in living matter. Composed of a wide variety of lipid and protein molecules, these responsive surfaces mediate transmembrane signaling and material transport within the cell and with its environment. It is wel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Watkins EB,Miller CE,Majewski J,Kuhl TL

更新日期：2011-04-26 00:00:00

abstract：:ATP-dependent DNA supercoiling catalyzed by Escherichia coli DNA gyrase was inhibited by oxolinic acid, a compound similar to but more potent than nalidixic acid and a known inhibitor of DNA replication in E. coli. The supercoiling activity of DNA gyrase purified from nalidixic acid-resistant mutant (nalA(R)) bacteria...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gellert M,Mizuuchi K,O'Dea MH,Itoh T,Tomizawa JI

更新日期：1977-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Synthesis of mouse metallothionein (MT)-I and MT-II is transcriptionally induced by the synthetic glucocorticoid, dexamethasone (DEX) or both in vivo as well as in numerous cell lines. However, the location(s) of a glucocorticoid response element (GRE) has not been described. The observation that a marked MT-I gene, a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kelly EJ,Sandgren EP,Brinster RL,Palmiter RD

更新日期：1997-09-16 00:00:00

abstract：:A translocation involving human chromosome 10, band q24, in a subset of T-cell acute leukemias disrupts a region surrounding the putative oncogene HOX11, which encodes a protein with a homeodomain. The HOX11 protein binds to a specific DNA sequence, it localizes to the cell nucleus, and it transactivates transcription...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dear TN,Sanchez-Garcia I,Rabbitts TH

更新日期：1993-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Old Italian violins are routinely credited with playing qualities supposedly unobtainable in new instruments. These qualities include the ability to project their sound more effectively in a concert hall-despite seeming relatively quiet under the ear of the player-compared with new violins. Although researchers have l...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fritz C,Curtin J,Poitevineau J,Tao FC

更新日期：2017-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The nit-2 major nitrogen regulatory gene of Neurospora crassa turns on the expression of various unlinked structural genes that specify nitrogen-catabolic enzymes under nitrogen-limitation conditions. The nit-2 gene encodes a protein of 1036 amino acid residues with a single zinc finger and a downstream basic region t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fu YH,Marzluf GA

更新日期：1990-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Reptiles and fish have robust regenerative powers for tooth renewal. However, extant mammals can either renew their teeth one time (diphyodont dentition) or not at all (monophyodont dentition). Humans replace their milk teeth with permanent teeth and then lose their ability for tooth renewal. Here, we study tooth rene...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wu P,Wu X,Jiang TX,Elsey RM,Temple BL,Divers SJ,Glenn TC,Yuan K,Chen MH,Widelitz RB,Chuong CM

更新日期：2013-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:cDNA clones corresponding to the polypeptide that has been shown to be an endogenous diazepam binding inhibitor and may act as a physiological ligand for the benzodiazepine/beta-carboline receptor have been isolated from bacteriophage lambda recombinant libraries from rat hypothalamus, total brain, and liver. The clon...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mocchetti I,Einstein R,Brosius J

更新日期：1986-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Two regions of human thyrotropin (thyroid-stimulating hormone, TSH) receptor (TSHR) (residues 12-44 and 308-364) were selected on the basis that they exhibit no sequence resemblance to luteinizing hormone/chorionic gonadotropin receptor. Five synthetic overlapping peptides (12-30, 24-44, 308-328, 324-344, and 339-364)...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Atassi MZ,Manshouri T,Sakata S

更新日期：1991-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Plant metabolites are crucial for both plant life and human nutrition. Despite recent advance in metabolomics, the genetic control of plant metabolome remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a genetic analysis of the rice metabolome that provided over 2,800 highly resolved metabolic quantitative trait loci for 900...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gong L,Chen W,Gao Y,Liu X,Zhang H,Xu C,Yu S,Zhang Q,Luo J

更新日期：2013-12-10 00:00:00

abstract：:The bacterial adaptive immune system CRISPR-Cas9 has been appropriated as a versatile tool for editing genomes, controlling gene expression, and visualizing genetic loci. To analyze Cas9's ability to bind DNA rapidly and specifically, we generated multiple libraries of potential binding partners for measuring the kine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Boyle EA,Andreasson JOL,Chircus LM,Sternberg SH,Wu MJ,Guegler CK,Doudna JA,Greenleaf WJ

更新日期：2017-05-23 00:00:00

abstract：:Excited states of proteins may play important roles in function, yet are difficult to study spectroscopically because of their sparse population. High hydrostatic pressure increases the equilibrium population of excited states, enabling their characterization [Akasaka K (2003) Biochemistry 42:10875-85]. High-pressure ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lerch MT,Horwitz J,McCoy J,Hubbell WL

更新日期：2013-12-03 00:00:00

abstract：:The human major histocompatibility complex includes approximately 14 class II HLA genes within the HLA-D region, most of which exist in multiple allelic forms. One of these genes, the DQ3.2 beta gene, accounts for the well-documented association of HLA-DR4 with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus and is the single all...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kwok WW,Lotshaw C,Milner EC,Knitter-Jack N,Nepom GT

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00