Mutational analysis of the HLA-DQ3.2 insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus susceptibility gene.

abstract：:Starting with assignments of proton nuclear magnetic resonance previously made for oxytocin in deuterated dimethylsulfoxide at 220 MHz, we have assigned resonances for the mammalian antidiuretic hormone, lysine vasopressin. The results demonstrate that spectral assignments of neurohypophyseal hormones and their congen...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Walter R,Glickson JD,Schwartz IL,Havran RT,Meienhofer J,Urry DW

更新日期：1972-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD) was examined earlier and found to behave in a very unclock-like manner despite (accepted point mutation, or PAM) corrections for multiple replacements per site. Depending upon the time span involved, rates could differ 5-fold. We have sought to determine whether the data might be c...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fitch WM,Ayala FJ

更新日期：1994-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：:Chronic pancreatitis (CP) is a progressive inflammatory disease of the pancreas, leading to its fibrotic destruction. There are currently no drugs that can stop or slow the progression of the disease. The etiology of the disease is multifactorial, whereas recurrent attacks of acute pancreatitis are thought to precede ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hao W,Komar HM,Hart PA,Conwell DL,Lesinski GB,Friedman A

更新日期：2017-05-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Wnt/beta-catenin signaling controls various cell fates in metazoan development and is misregulated in several cancers and developmental disorders. Binding of a Wnt ligand to its transmembrane coreceptors inhibits phosphorylation and degradation of the transcriptional coactivator beta-catenin, which then translocates t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Cselenyi CS,Jernigan KK,Tahinci E,Thorne CA,Lee LA,Lee E

更新日期：2008-06-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an ideal host from which to obtain high levels of posttranslationally modified eukaryotic proteins for x-ray crystallography. However, extensive replacement of methionine by selenomethionine for anomalous dispersion phasing has proven intractable in yeast. We report a general method to inco...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Malkowski MG,Quartley E,Friedman AE,Babulski J,Kon Y,Wolfley J,Said M,Luft JR,Phizicky EM,DeTitta GT,Grayhack EJ

更新日期：2007-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:We describe a single autoregulatory cassette that allows reversible induction of transgene expression in response to tetracycline (tet). This cassette contains all of the necessary components previously described by others on two separate plasmids that are introduced sequentially over a period of months [Gossen, M. & ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hofmann A,Nolan GP,Blau HM

更新日期：1996-05-28 00:00:00

abstract：:Three lines of evidence for abrupt tropical climate change, both past and present, are presented. First, annually and decadally averaged delta(18)O and net mass-balance histories for the last 400 and 2,000 yr, respectively, demonstrate that the current warming at high elevations in the mid- to low latitudes is unprece...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson LG,Mosley-Thompson E,Brecher H,Davis M,León B,Les D,Lin PN,Mashiotta T,Mountain K

更新日期：2006-07-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Five patients with advanced breast cancer were treated with pooled dialyzable transfer factor from healthy adult donors. The period of treatment ranged from 21 to 310 days, the total dose from 20 to 257 ml. Transfer factor did not elicit inflammatory or hypersensitivity reactions or detectable formation of antibody to...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Oettgen HF,Old LJ,Farrow JH,Valentine FT,Lawrence HS,Thomas L

更新日期：1974-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A method is described for the production of hybridoma cell lines secreting antibodies directed against the polyoma virus tumor antigens (T-Ags). Ten cloned lines have been established by this procedure and designated alpha Py Cl and C4, with activities against all three T-Ags; alpha Py LT1, -4 and -7, with activities ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dilworth SM,Griffin BE

更新日期：1982-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Using chimeric recombinants transfected into HeLa cells and a transient expression assay, we demonstrate that the 5'-flanking region of the pS2 gene from position -428 to position -324 exhibits both constitutive and estrogen-inducible enhancer activity. The estrogen-inducible activity, but not the constitutive activit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Berry M,Nunez AM,Chambon P

更新日期：1989-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The lamB protein, the receptor for phage lambda, was purified from the outer membrane of Escherichia coli K-12 by extraction with Triton X-100 and EDTA, chromatography on DEAE-Sephacel in Triton X-100, exchange of Triton for cholate by gel filtration, and chromatography on Sephacryl S-200 in cholate, NaCl, and EDTA. T...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Luckey M,Nikaido H

更新日期：1980-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:A patterning method termed "RIPPLE" (reactive interface patterning promoted by lithographic electrochemistry) is applied to the fabrication of arrays of dielectric and metallic optical elements. This method uses cyclic voltammetry to impart patterns onto the working electrode of a standard three-electrode electrochemi...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Kempa TJ,Bediako DK,Kim SK,Park HG,Nocera DG

更新日期：2015-04-28 00:00:00

abstract：:M cells located in the follicle-associated epithelium of Peyer's patches (PP) are shown to be the principal sites for the sampling of gut luminal antigens. Thus, PP have long been considered the gatekeepers of the mucosal immune system. Here, we report a distinct gateway for the uptake of gut bacteria: clusters of non...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Jang MH,Kweon MN,Iwatani K,Yamamoto M,Terahara K,Sasakawa C,Suzuki T,Nochi T,Yokota Y,Rennert PD,Hiroi T,Tamagawa H,Iijima H,Kunisawa J,Yuki Y,Kiyono H

更新日期：2004-04-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Three allelic variants of P-pilus-associated G-adhesins (lectins) with different cell-binding properties were recently described. Here we have analyzed Escherichia coli HB101 strains expressing the recombinant G-adhesin variants for their ability to agglutinate erythrocytes from various species as this relates to the ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Strömberg N,Nyholm PG,Pascher I,Normark S

更新日期：1991-10-15 00:00:00

abstract：:The synthesis of the proteins laminin and collagen IV is stimulated approximately equal to 20-fold in F9 mouse teratocarcinoma stem cells after treatment of the cells with retinoic acid and N6, O2'-dibutyryl-cAMP (Bt2cAMP). A cDNA library from F9 cells treated with retinoic acid, Bt2cAMP, and theophylline (F9-R + DBC ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wang SY,Gudas LJ

更新日期：1983-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The Drosophila kep1 gene encodes an RNA binding protein related to the murine QUAKING apoptotic inducer. We have previously shown that kep1 can induce apoptosis when transfected into different cell lines. To better define the role of Kep1 in apoptosis, we generated kep1 null flies. These flies were viable, but females...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Di Fruscio M,Styhler S,Wikholm E,Boulanger MC,Lasko P,Richard S

更新日期：2003-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Proinflammatory signaling pathways are commonly up-regulated in breast cancer. In estrogen receptor-negative (ER-) and triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC), nitric oxide synthase-2 (NOS2) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX2) have been described as independent predictors of disease outcome. We further explore these findings by ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Basudhar D,Glynn SA,Greer M,Somasundaram V,No JH,Scheiblin DA,Garrido P,Heinz WF,Ryan AE,Weiss JM,Cheng RYS,Ridnour LA,Lockett SJ,McVicar DW,Ambs S,Wink DA

更新日期：2017-12-05 00:00:00

abstract：:The transcription and processing of mitochondrial 21S rRNA in a petite strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae has been examined by electron microscopic analysis of R-loop hybrids and by hybridization of labeled mitochondrial DNA probes to RNA transferred to diazobenzyloxymethyl paper. We have shown the presence of a large...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Merten S,Synenki RM,Locker J,Christianson T,Rabinowitz M

更新日期：1980-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Forkhead box class O (FoxO) transcription factors are key regulators of growth, metabolism, life span, and stress resistance. FoxOs integrate signals from different pathways and guide the cellular response to varying energy and stress conditions. FoxOs are modulated by several signaling pathways, e.g., the insulin-TOR...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mattila J,Kallijärvi J,Puig O

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：:Dopamine supersensitivity occurs in schizophrenia and other psychoses, and after hippocampal lesions, antipsychotics, ethanol, amphetamine, phencyclidine, gene knockouts of Dbh (dopamine beta-hydroxylase), Drd4 receptors, Gprk6 (G protein-coupled receptor kinase 6), Comt (catechol-O-methyltransferase), or Th-/-, DbhTh...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Seeman P,Weinshenker D,Quirion R,Srivastava LK,Bhardwaj SK,Grandy DK,Premont RT,Sotnikova TD,Boksa P,El-Ghundi M,O'dowd BF,George SR,Perreault ML,Männistö PT,Robinson S,Palmiter RD,Tallerico T

更新日期：2005-03-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Sequencing of a 360-nucleotide segment of the mitochondrial control region for 63 individuals from an Amerindian tribe, the Nuu-Chah-Nulth of the Pacific Northwest, revealed the existence of 28 lineages defined by 26 variable positions. This represents a substantial level of mitochondrial diversity for a small local p...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ward RH,Frazier BL,Dew-Jager K,Pääbo S

更新日期：1991-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:We investigated the binding of 125I-labeled alpha-inhibin-92 (a 92-residue peptide) to human pituitary membrane preparations. Unlabeled alpha-inhibin-92 competed effectively with the labeled peptide for binding to the membranes. Binding was also inhibited by both alpha-inhibin-52 and alpha-inhibin-31, but less effecti...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ramasharma K,Li CH

更新日期：1987-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Cellular membranes are a heterogeneous mix of lipids, proteins and small molecules. Special groupings enriched in saturated lipids and cholesterol form liquid-ordered domains, known as "lipid rafts," thought to serve as platforms for signaling, trafficking and material transport throughout the secretory pathway. Quest...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ursell TS,Klug WS,Phillips R

更新日期：2009-08-11 00:00:00

abstract：:Antibiotic resistance in clinically important bacteria can be mediated by target protection mechanisms, whereby a protein binds to the drug target and protects it from the inhibitory effects of the antibiotic. The most prevalent source of clinical resistance to the antibiotic fusidic acid (FA) is expression of the Fus...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tomlinson JH,Kalverda AP,Calabrese AN

更新日期：2020-10-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Degradable polymers are beginning to play an increasing role as materials for environmental and medical applications. Understanding factors that control erosion, such as bond cleavage and the dissolution and diffusion of degradation products, will be critical to the future development of these materials. Erosion kinet...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Tamada JA,Langer R

更新日期：1993-01-15 00:00:00

abstract：:All life on Earth is built of organic molecules, so the primordial sources of reduced carbon remain a major open question in studies of the origin of life. A variant of the alkaline-hydrothermal-vent theory for life's emergence suggests that organics could have been produced by the reduction of CO2 via H2 oxidation, f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hudson R,de Graaf R,Strandoo Rodin M,Ohno A,Lane N,McGlynn SE,Yamada YMA,Nakamura R,Barge LM,Braun D,Sojo V

更新日期：2020-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Sympatric speciation has been controversial since it was first proposed as a mode of speciation. Subterranean blind mole rats (Spalacidae) are considered to speciate allopatrically or peripatrically. Here, we report a possible incipient sympatric adaptive ecological speciation in Spalax galili (2n = 52). The study mic...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Hadid Y,Tzur S,Pavlícek T,Šumbera R,Šklíba J,Lövy M,Fragman-Sapir O,Beiles A,Arieli R,Raz S,Nevo E

更新日期：2013-02-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Biologists regularly search databases of DNA or protein sequences for evolutionary or functional relationships to a given query sequence. We describe a ranking algorithm that exploits the entire network structure of similarity relationships among proteins in a sequence database by performing a diffusion operation on a...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Weston J,Elisseeff A,Zhou D,Leslie CS,Noble WS

更新日期：2004-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:l-tryptophan (Trp), an essential amino acid for mammals, is the precursor of a wide array of immunomodulatory metabolites produced by the kynurenine and serotonin pathways. The kynurenine pathway is a paramount source of several immunoregulatory metabolites, including l-kynurenine (Kyn), the main product of indoleamin...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Mondanelli G,Coletti A,Greco FA,Pallotta MT,Orabona C,Iacono A,Belladonna ML,Albini E,Panfili E,Fallarino F,Gargaro M,Manni G,Matino D,Carvalho A,Cunha C,Maciel P,Di Filippo M,Gaetani L,Bianchi R,Vacca C,Iamandii

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Observers have found a small number of lithium-depleted halo stars in the temperature range of the Spite plateau. The current status of the mass-loss hypothesis for producing the observed lithium dip in Population (Pop) I stars is briefly discussed and extended to Pop II stars as a possible explanation for these halo ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Dearborn DS,Schramm DN

更新日期：1997-05-13 00:00:00