Abstract:
OBJECTIVE:In a cross-sectional study, we examined the association between hyperinsulinemia and hypertension, independent of body mass, among White non-Hispanic, Black non-Hispanic, and Mexican-American adults without diabetes. METHODS:Data are from 8,004 adults, aged > or = 20 years from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey, 1988-1994. Univariate differences in C-peptide levels (fasting) were examined in normotensives and hypertensives by racial or ethnic group. Multivariate logistic regression models were used to estimate the likelihood of hypertension across race-specific tertiles of C-peptide levels. Adjustments were made for age, sex, education, body mass index, and waist-to-hip ratio. RESULTS:The prevalence of hypertension was 21.1% among non-Hispanic Whites, 24.6% among non-Hispanic Blacks, and 10.9% among Mexican Americans. The prevalence of hypertension increased significantly with C-peptide level for each racial or ethnic group. Mexican Americans with a C-peptide level in the upper tertile were 3.3 times (95% confidence interval [CI]=2.2-4.8) more likely to have hypertension than those with a C-peptide level in the lower tertile, after adjustment for age, sex, education, and BMI. Further adjustment for WHR resulted in a slightly lower odds ratio (OR=3.1; 95% CI=2.0-4.6). Among non-Hispanic Whites and Blacks, respectively, persons with a C-peptide level in the upper tertile were 1.6 times (95% CI=1.2-2.2) and 1.7 times (95% CI=1.1-2.6) more likely to have hypertension than those with a C-peptide level in the lower tertile, after multivariate (including WHR) adjustment. CONCLUSIONS:These data suggest that high C-peptide levels, reflecting endogenous insulin secretion, are associated with hypertension, independent of body mass index and diabetes. This association was strongest among Mexican Americans. Our results also suggest that adjustment for waist-to-hip ratio as a confounding factor may be important in evaluation of the relationship between C-peptide level and hypertension.
journal_name
Ethn Disjournal_title
Ethnicity & diseaseauthors
Brown DW,Giles WH,Greenlund KJ,Lamar-Welch V,Croft JBkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-04-01 00:00:00pages
213-20issue
2eissn
1049-510Xissn
1945-0826journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Hispanics are the fastest growing minority group in the United States. The incidence of end-stage renal disease (ESRD) in Hispanics is higher than non-Hispanic Whites and Hispanics with chronic kidney disease (CKD) are at increased risk for kidney failure. Likely contributing factors to this burden of disease include ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Post-stroke depression (PSD) is common and associated with poor stroke outcomes, but few studies have examined race/ethnic disparities in PSD. Given the paucity of work and inconsistent findings in this important area of research, our study aimed to examine race/ethnic differences in depression in a multi-eth...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.26.1.1
更新日期:2016-01-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the prevalence of disabilities among older American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) and compare these estimates with those of other major racial/ ethnic groups. To estimate, within the population with disabilities, the health-risk behaviors, obesity, and chronic conditions of older AIANs and c...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Almost 40% of the 63 million Americans who speak a language other than English have limited English proficiency (LEP). This communication barrier can result in poor quality care and potentially adverse health outcomes. Of particular interest is that the greatest proportion of LEP adults are aged >65 years ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.30.4.603
更新日期:2020-09-24 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the baseline prevalence rates for non-communicable disease risk factors in Eritrea. STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among all the ethnic groups in Eritrea with the WHO STEPwise approach. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure > or = 140/90 mm Hg or a person on medication ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite efforts focused on outreach to minority populations, the literature reveals that the problem of disparities in minority involvement in clinical research persists. Thus, the objective of this article was to present an overview of the barriers to engage minorities in human subject research and the identification...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper presents evidence-based strategies for assisting patients in quitting smoking. Summaries of the effectiveness of advice alone, varying levels of behavioral counseling, nicotine replacement therapies, and bupropion either alone or in combinations are presented. We describe two web-based resources, one that o...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Biventricular pacing (BiV) is an important therapy for symptomatic heart failure (HF) patients with reduced left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (EF). The aim of our study was to determine if ethnic disparities in use of BiV in HF patients with LV systolic dysfunction are independent of socioeconomic stat...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The population of South Africa is nearly 40 million and is growing at the rate of 2.5% per year. The population is 76.2% black, 13.3% white, 8.6% "mixed," and 2.6% Asian. The life expectancy (between 1985 and 1990) for whites was 69 years for males and 77 years for females; and for blacks, life expectancy was 61 years...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1998-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Much of the work for a community-partnered participatory research (CPPR) initiative is done in committees that operate under the principles of CPPR and the vision of the partnership, while implementing the action plans of the initiative. Action plans are developed in work group meetings and sponsored events that engag...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Ethnicity and race are commonly used in biomedical research to portion human populations into groups for analysis. The view taken here is that race is a sociological construct that is poorly correlated with any measurable biological or cultural phenomenon other than the amount of melanin in an individual's skin. On th...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:This article reviews the status of end-stage renal disease in the Middle East, with emphasis on its incidence, prevalence, and treatment. METHODS:Data were obtained from English-language published literature through a Medline search over the past 40 years. Supplementary information was gathered from regio...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of this study was to assess benefits, barriers, attitude, and beliefs about nutrient content and health effects, and sensory analysis of soy meat-alternatives among 40 African Americans, mean (SD) aged 54 (10), 78% of whom were females, participating in a faith-based nutrition program. Perceived benefits rece...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2010-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Relationships among sedentary behavior, weight gain, and weight loss and regain are understudied particularly for African Americans, a high risk group for obesity. The hypotheses were: sedentary behavior is positively associated with current body mass and % of weight loss maintained after initial weight loss...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to determine (1) how African-American and white men and women from similar low income communities perceive their body mass relative to others in the population; and (2) whether ethnic and gender differences exist in the selection of ideal body image sizes for the same and opposit...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::A population-based sample of Seventh-Day Adventists was studied to determine the relationship between vegetarian status, body mass index (BMI), obesity, diabetes mellitus (DM), and hypertension, in order to gain a better understanding of factors influencing chronic diseases in Barbados. A systematic sampling from a ra...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Training is a crucial tool for building the capacity necessary for prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in developing countries. This paper summarizes some features of a 2-week workshop aimed at enabling local health professionals to initiate a comprehensive CVD prevention and control program in a ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Diabetes mellitus disproportionately affects ethnic minorities and has serious economic, social, and personal implications. This study examines the effect of diabetes disease burden and social resources on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among older rural adults with diabetes. Data come from a population-based ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:This cross-sectional study was designed to examine the association between adiponectin and cardiovascular disease (CVD) among an understudied ethnic group of Filipino American women. METHODS:We recruited 266 Filipino women aged 40-86 years from the University of California, San Diego Filipino Women's Health...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:To build upon research that investigates the health significance of familial and former incarceration with special emphasis on obesity risk among native-born Black (ie, African American) men. Methods:We analyzed data from the 2001-2003 National Survey of American Life (NSAL), focusing on native-born Black me...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.28.2.69
更新日期:2018-04-26 00:00:00
abstract::The prevalence of non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is increasing in all populations. This increment has been correlated with changes in lifestyle, particularly in eating behavior. Migration studies strongly suggest that NIDDM becomes more common when lifestyle factors interact with genetic susceptibilit...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To examine racial disparities in adverse maternal outcomes among four ethnic groups in the United States. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS:A total of 1,030,350 women aged 13 to 55 who delivered in 1998 and 1999. Data were abstracted from the National Inpatient Sample. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:Race was categor...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Develop and validate body image scales (BIS) presenting real human bodies adapted to the macroscopic phenotype of urban Cameroonian populations. DESIGN:Quantitative and qualitative analysis. SETTING:Yaoundé, capital city of Cameroon. PARTICIPANTS:Four samples with balanced sex-ratio: the first (n=16) aged ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:We previously developed an 8-item self-assessment tool to identify individuals with a high probability of having albuminuria. This tool was developed and externally validated among non-Hispanic Whites and non-Hispanic Blacks. We sought to validate it in a multi-ethnic cohort that also included Hispanics and C...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.25.4.427
更新日期:2015-11-05 00:00:00
abstract::Facing the conclusion of the twentieth century, cardiovascular disease (CVD) remains a major cause of morbidity and a leading contributor to mortality worldwide. Developing countries, including those in South America and the Caribbean, contribute substantially to the global burden of CVD. Indeed, 8 to 9 million deaths...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:CONTEXT:The prevalence of the cardiovascular disease risk factors, dyslipidemia, hypertension, and diabetes mellitus, is increased in the setting of obesity. OBJECTIVE:To determine whether the prevalence of these risk factors increases with increasing body mass index in an obese cohort, or whether there is a threshold...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:Background and Purpose:Blacks have a higher burden of post-stroke disability. Factors associated with racial differences in long-term post-stroke disability are not well-understood. Our aim was to assess the long-term racial differences in risk factors associated with stroke recovery. Methods:We examined Health and Re...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.30.2.339
更新日期:2020-04-23 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Farmers' market incentive programs, such as Link Match, provide monetary incentives to Supplemental Nutrition Assistance Program (SNAP) participants to promote their use of local farmers' markets. Information on racial/ethnic differences in the shopping behaviors and fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption of...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.30.1.109
更新日期:2020-01-16 00:00:00
abstract::The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) provides global leadership for a research, training, and education program to promote the prevention and treatment of heart, lung, and blood diseases and enhance the health of all individuals so that they can live longer and more fulfilling lives. Inherent in this ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.29.S1.57
更新日期:2019-02-21 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:The REACH NOLA Mental Health Infrastructure and Training Project (MHIT) aimed to reduce disparities in access to and quality of services for depression and posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) in post-Katrina New Orleans by developing a mental health outreach role for community health workers (CHWs) and case...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2011-07-01 00:00:00