Abstract：
:Ethnicity and race are commonly used in biomedical research to portion human populations into groups for analysis. The view taken here is that race is a sociological construct that is poorly correlated with any measurable biological or cultural phenomenon other than the amount of melanin in an individual's skin. On the other hand, ethnicity is a sociocultural construct that is often, if not always, coextensive with discernible features of a group of individuals. These features include, but need not be limited to, language, style of dress and adornment, religion, patterns of social interaction, and food habits. The purpose of this brief commentary is to examine definitional issues surrounding use of the term ethnicity, to review the use of ethnicity in biomedical and biosocial research, and to examine the ecological and evolutionary basis for ethnic differentiation in the human population. Its purpose is not to provide a final definition of ethnicity, but instead to suggest that ethnicity is a multiplex concept that has a variety of applications and definitions, each perhaps dependent upon particular research problems and situations. We suggest that individual researchers explicitly state how they are using ethnicity, what their chosen categories imply biologically and sociologically, and why their particular analyses are needed. This may help to limit conflicts that arise over the inappropriate use of ethnicity in biomedical and biocultural research.
journal_name
Ethn Disjournal_title
Ethnicity & diseaseauthors
Crews DE,Bindon JRsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1991-01-01 00:00:00pages
42-9issue
1eissn
1049-510Xissn
1945-0826journal_volume
1pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVE:We investigated metabolic syndrome and its association with high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) levels in Cuban Americans. METHODS:The study included 161 nondiabetic Cuban Americans (55 men and 106 women) aged > or = 30 years living in South Florida. Metabolic syndrome was defined by using Adult Tre...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States and disproportionately affects ethnic minorities. While research examining health disparities is well-established, an historical understanding of how the disparities evolved over time may be warranted. This article examined racial differences in preva...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To examine ace-inhibitor (ACEI) and angiotensin receptor blockers (ARB) prescription and adherence patterns by race in diabetic public aid recipients. DESIGN, PARTICIPANTS, AND MEASURES:We analyzed prescription records of 27,529 adults aged 18-64 with diabetes who had at least one clinical indication for rec...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risks and identify early opportunities for prevention among Dominican adults residing in New York City. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a convenience sample of Dominicans recruited through extensive outreach in the community....
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review article discusses disparities in immunization rates for beneficiaries of the US Medicare program. The review considers: 1) historical and statistical information on rates of immunization; 2) goals set forward by the Centers for Medicaid and Medicare Services (CMS) to eliminate racial and ethnic health disp...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This cross-sectional study explored the relation between mammographic densities (a predictor of breast cancer risk), ethnicity, and dietary factors among women in Hawaii. Thirty-nine postmenopausal women with Japanese, Chinese, Caucasian, and Native Hawaiian ancestry who had received a screening mammogram completed a ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) provides global leadership for a research, training, and education program to promote the prevention and treatment of heart, lung, and blood diseases and enhance the health of all individuals so that they can live longer and more fulfilling lives. Inherent in this ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.29.S1.57
更新日期：2019-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:This study examines the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and chronic disease burden among African Americans compared to Caucasians in a population of higher socioeconomic status. DESIGN:The current study is a cross-sectional, secondary data analysis of the Cooper Center Longitudinal Study. SETTING...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We sought to determine whether lipid levels in black patients with type II diabetes with and without hypertension differ from those in white patients. Lipid levels were screened in 207 blacks and 103 whites with type II diabetes visiting a weekly diabetes clinic in a southeastern US regional community hospital. Levels...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Preterm delivery is the leading cause of infant mortality in the United States. The risk of preterm delivery and the prevalence of factors associated with preterm delivery differ by racial and ethnic groups. OBJECTIVE:To examine racial and ethnic differences in preterm delivery among women without the commo...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：PURPOSE:Unique challenges exist in the provision of culturally and linguistically appropriate health care to ethnically diverse populations. The purpose of this study was to improve the metabolic control of Russian patients with diabetes through increased attention to language and cultural concordance between the provi...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Coronary heart disease (CHD) was uncommon in Black people living in Africa before 1970. Since then CHD risk factor levels have increased, while CHD rates have remained low. OBJECTIVE:This case-control study aims to assess the relationship between CHD and known risk factors in urban Black South Africans. ME...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To determine dietary intake and attitude toward weight control of normal weight, overweight, and obese Black women. DESIGN:Cross-sectional survey. SETTING:Rural village in KwaZulu province, South Africa. PARTICIPANTS:A convenience sample (N=187) of 25- to 55-year-old women, of whom 28.9% (N=54) were of no...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:Although it is known that female rats have a more robust behavioral response to acute cocaine administration than male rats, the neurobiological mechanisms underlying these differences remain unclear. The purpose of the present study was to determine if there are sex differences in cocaine's regulation of ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The Resource Centers for Minority Aging Research (RCMAR) initiative was established in 1997 and currently includes six centers across the United States. The model of community engagement developed by all the RCMARs is Community Based Participatory Research (CBPR). This supplement explores the diverse methods of partne...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Exposure to estrogen is a risk factor for breast cancer. Since estrogen executes its effect through estrogen receptors (ERs), the relationship between menstrual factors, which are estrogen-related, and breast cancer may be different depending upon ER status of tumors. This case-control study aimed to examine...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the United States, tobacco use is a leading contributor to inequities in cancer health among individuals for many ethnic, racial, sexual minority, and other minority groups as well as individuals in lower socioeconomic groups and other underserved populations. Despite remarkable decreases in tobacco use prevalence ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.18865/ed.28.3.187
更新日期：2018-07-12 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:National surveillance for ectopic pregnancy (EP), the primary cause of maternal death in the first trimester, began in 1970. EP rates peeked during the late 1980s and have been highest for African Americans. However, limited reports on EP rates exist for other racial/ethnic groups. OBJECTIVES:To report stat...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare recent temporal trends in the proportion of high-grade (less differentiated, or more "aggressive") prostate cancers for Blacks (African Americans) and Whites. Reports of Black-White differences have generated speculation that genetic factors could be involved. METHODS:The study included all 126,8...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Black women are more likely to be diagnosed with later stage breast cancer and have higher mortality rates from breast cancer than white women. To determine whether cancer treatment varies for white and black women, we analyzed data from the National Cancer Institute (NCI) Black-White Cancer Survival Study (BWCSS). Da...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The purpose of the present study was to examine variation in heart disease death rates by the social class of decedents. The term, "social class" refers to a complex set of phenomena such as control over economic resources, social status, and power relative to others in society. The target population for this study wa...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Advancing health equity and reducing disparities through evidence-based policy research requires the expertise, insights, and active participation of various policy stakeholders - particularly those representing vulnerable populations who may be disproportionately affected by such policies. Unfortunately, there are fe...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 社论
doi：10.18865/ed.29.S2.323
更新日期：2019-06-13 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To quantify cultural barriers to hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination and parental compliance with a specific vaccination protocol among a primarily among population of infants born at a community hospital. METHODS:This study was concurrent with an immunogenicity study of two vaccination schedules and occurre...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study investigated the effectiveness of a community-academic health center partnership, utilizing nurse-supervised indigenous community health workers, in decreasing the blood pressure in an urban African-American population. A four-year randomized clinical trial was conducted in the Sandtown-Winchester community...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examines the cancer prevention and control priorities of uninsured Latin Americans and their primary care providers in metropolitan Washington, D.C. Patient and provider priorities are compared to identify common ground for future interventions in resource constrained primary care settings. METHOD...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To ascertain the association of -3826 A/G polymorphism with blood pressure and different obesity markers. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS:A total of 96 adult participants (49 males, 47 females) were studied. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were taken using standardized techniques. Obesity indices of body ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study aimed to define the ethnographic composition and assess the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of a large population of undocumented patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) seeking emergent dialysis in the emergency department (ED) of a large public hospital in the United States. DESIGN:A...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.27.1.39
更新日期：2017-01-19 00:00:00
abstract：:An assessment of the risk or diagnosis of diabetes in a random sample of 386 adult border residents found 46% obese, 12% at risk for diabetes, and 18% diagnosed with diabetes. While obesity was associated with greater diabetes risk, > 50% of obese adults reported not being told of their diabetes risk. Independent of o...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2009-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The disease burden from noncommunicable diseases (NCDs) in Africa is rapidly increasing based on projections from a limited number of reports. In the absence of national health surveys in Zimbabwe, all data nationally generated between 1990 and 1997 were analyzed. From 1990 to 1997, prevalence rates (expressed per 100...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objective:Immigrants, especially refugees, face unique barriers to accessing health care relative to native born Americans. In this study, we examined how immigration status, health, barriers to access, and knowledge of the health care system relate to the likelihood of having a regular health care provider. Methods:U...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.29.2.253
更新日期：2019-04-18 00:00:00
