Abstract：
:The purpose of the present study was to examine variation in heart disease death rates by the social class of decedents. The term, "social class" refers to a complex set of phenomena such as control over economic resources, social status, and power relative to others in society. The target population for this study was African-American adults aged 35-74 years old who resided in the United States during the years 1996-1997. As a proxy for social class, we examined 5 levels of educational attainment: 0-8 years of school completed (Social Class I), 9-11 years of school completed (Social Class II), high school graduate/12 years of school completed (Social Class III), some college completed (Social Class IV), and college degree completed (Social Class V). Older age, male gender, and lower social class were all independently associated with higher heart disease death rates. For all ages, more disadvantaged social classes had a higher risk of heart disease mortality. The highest relative risks were found for Social Classes I and II among the younger age groups. Many of the "prerequisites" for the "heart healthy lifestyle" are predicated on the benefits of a privileged social class position. For African Americans, there are the additional stressors of segregation, exclusion, and discrimination to overcome, as well as the cumulative physiological toll of lifetime resistance to various forms of racism. For many African Americans in disadvantaged social class positions, the obstacles to reducing the risk for heart disease are very difficult to overcome.
journal_name
Ethn Disjournal_title
Ethnicity & diseaseauthors
Barnett E,Williams CR,Moore L,Chen Fkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-10-01 00:00:00pages
S3-76-81issue
4eissn
1049-510Xissn
1945-0826journal_volume
12pub_type
杂志文章abstract：PURPOSE:Studies have demonstrated the effects of segregated social and physical environments on the development of chronic diseases for African Americans. Studies have not delineated the effects of segregated environments specifically on the health of African American men over their lifetime. This study examines the re...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.25.3.295
更新日期：2015-08-07 00:00:00
abstract：:We examined the physical, sociodemographic, and psychosocial health status of diabetic Mexican Americans aged 45 to 74 years using data from the Hispanic Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Diabetic Mexican-American women had lower education levels and lower employment rates in comparison with nondiabetics. Glauc...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1991-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There are well-known Black-White disparities in adverse birth outcomes, health behaviors, and chronic diseases such as asthma, diabetes, and hypertension. These disparities hold across socioeconomic status and have remained stable for the past 50 years despite efforts to reduce them. This theoretical review argues tha...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2009-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：INTRODUCTION:The obesity epidemic has become a health crisis in the United States, particularly for minorities. This article reports on the health status and sociodemographic characteristics of morbidly obese American Indians living in rural areas of California. METHODS:A cross-sectional randomized household study of ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：
更新日期：2011-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objective:This study investigated whether HIV testing attitudes, HIV conspiracy beliefs, and reported sexual partner disclosure of HIV/STI status related to one-month self-report HIV testing outcomes following a brief intervention among Black women aged 18-25 years residing in rural Mississippi. Participants:Black wom...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.30.2.251
更新日期：2020-04-23 00:00:00
abstract：:The National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (NHLBI) provides global leadership for a research, training, and education program to promote the prevention and treatment of heart, lung, and blood diseases and enhance the health of all individuals so that they can live longer and more fulfilling lives. Inherent in this ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.29.S1.57
更新日期：2019-02-21 00:00:00
abstract：:Fluctuations in ovarian hormones throughout the estrous cycle may underlie sex differences in behavior. In this study, estrogen plus progesterone were coadministered at different ratios to determine whether the interaction of those hormones during the estrous cycle contributes to cocaine-induced alterations in behavio...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular risks and identify early opportunities for prevention among Dominican adults residing in New York City. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among a convenience sample of Dominicans recruited through extensive outreach in the community....
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:This study examines the correlates of self-diagnosis of chronic medical and mental health conditions in under-served minority populations. The Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations was employed to compare the predisposing and enabling characteristics of two groups: the first group consisted of individua...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This article was presented as part of the 2007 International Society on Hypertension in Blacks (ISHIB) lifestyle modification workshop focusing on smoking cessation. The three objectives addressed included 1) identification of the known and little-known health effects of cigarette smoking (eg, endocrine effects on the...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Baseline data from the Heart Attack REACT Study provided the opportunity to explore population subgroup differences in exposure to health information in an ethnically diverse sample from 5 regions across the United States. METHODS:During the 4-month baseline period of the REACT study, some 1,200 residents fr...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Little is known about the health outcomes or the quality of care among Arab American patients with diabetes. The objective of this study is to examine the use of glucose-lowering agents and aspirin therapy in this population compared to the drug utilization patterns reported in nationally representative surve...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:Hypertension is the leading global risk for mortality. Poor treatment and control of hypertension in low- and middle-income countries is due to several reasons, including insufficient human resources. Nurse management of hypertension is a novel approach to address the human resource challenge. However, speci...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.26.3.315
更新日期：2016-07-21 00:00:00
abstract：Background:Home remedies (HRs) are described as foods, herbs, and other household products used to manage chronic conditions. The objective of this study was to examine home remedy (HR) use among Blacks with hypertension and to determine if home remedy use is correlated with blood pressure and medication adherence. Me...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.18865/ed.30.3.451
更新日期：2020-07-09 00:00:00
abstract：:Many health promotion intervention studies have been conducted with the goal of encouraging people to change their lifestyles. These include interventions in the community, at worksites, in a medical setting, and on patients at high risk of disease. These interventions have had, in general, a limited impact (eg, risk ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 社论
doi：
更新日期：2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Few studies have objectively quantified sedentary behavior, particularly in special population subgroups. This study quantified the volume of and breaks from sedentary behavior in a sample of overweight and obese, primarily African American, women. DESIGN:Cross-sectional. SETTING:18 census tracts in Columb...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To identify the prevalence of hypertension among adults in Bo, Sierra Leone. DESIGN:Hypertension data were extracted from outpatient clinic records. SETTING:Mercy Hospital in urban Bo, Sierra Leone. PATIENTS:All nonpregnant outpatients aged -15 years seen at the outpatient clinic in 2009. MAIN OUTCOME MEA...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Ethnicity and race are commonly used in biomedical research to portion human populations into groups for analysis. The view taken here is that race is a sociological construct that is poorly correlated with any measurable biological or cultural phenomenon other than the amount of melanin in an individual's skin. On th...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) suffer from an increased prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors, and a high rate of premature CV morbidity and mortality. The confluence of CV risk factors, in the context of cardio-metabolic perturbations that vary as renal function declines, complicates str...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.18865/ed.25.4.515
更新日期：2015-11-05 00:00:00
abstract：:Translational research has tremendous potential as a tool to reduce health disparities in the United States, but a lack of common understanding about the scope of this dynamic, multidisciplinary approach to research has limited its use. The term "translational research" is often associated with the phrase "bench to be...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes mellitus disproportionately affects ethnic minorities and has serious economic, social, and personal implications. This study examines the effect of diabetes disease burden and social resources on health-related quality of life (HRQOL) among older rural adults with diabetes. Data come from a population-based ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:USAID began funding the Rural Health Delivery Services Project (RHDS) in Sine Saloum region (later divided into 2 regions--Kaolack and Fatick) of Senegal in 1977. Its aim was to improve the health of rural inhabitants and to set up a model health care delivery system. It specifically set out to increase agricultural...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The successful recruitment of African-Americans for AIDS/HIV interventions is essential to reducing HIV transmission and the spread of AIDS among this population. However, many high risk groups in the African-American community are reluctant to participate in AIDS/HIV interventions due to factors such as poverty, and ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Diabetes is the seventh leading cause of death in the United States and disproportionately affects ethnic minorities. While research examining health disparities is well-established, an historical understanding of how the disparities evolved over time may be warranted. This article examined racial differences in preva...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2015-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An estimated 170 million persons (3% of the world's population) are infected with the hepatitis C virus (HCV), and 3 to 4 million persons are newly infected each year. Of those infected, 70%-85% develop chronic viremia with the potential for devastating long-term sequelae, including chronic liver disease, cirrhosis, h...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：BACKGROUND:National surveillance for ectopic pregnancy (EP), the primary cause of maternal death in the first trimester, began in 1970. EP rates peeked during the late 1980s and have been highest for African Americans. However, limited reports on EP rates exist for other racial/ethnic groups. OBJECTIVES:To report stat...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To ascertain the association of -3826 A/G polymorphism with blood pressure and different obesity markers. DESIGN AND SUBJECTS:A total of 96 adult participants (49 males, 47 females) were studied. Anthropometric measurements and blood pressure were taken using standardized techniques. Obesity indices of body ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2012-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：Objective:To ascertain the association between father's lifetime socioeconomic status (SES) and rates of small for gestational age (SGA, defined as weight for gestational age <10th percentile) and infant mortality (defined as <365 days). Methods:The study sample was limited to the singleton births of African American ...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：10.18865/ed.29.1.9
更新日期：2019-01-17 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To compare recent temporal trends in the proportion of high-grade (less differentiated, or more "aggressive") prostate cancers for Blacks (African Americans) and Whites. Reports of Black-White differences have generated speculation that genetic factors could be involved. METHODS:The study included all 126,8...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The prevalence of non insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (NIDDM) is increasing in all populations. This increment has been correlated with changes in lifestyle, particularly in eating behavior. Migration studies strongly suggest that NIDDM becomes more common when lifestyle factors interact with genetic susceptibilit...
journal_title：Ethnicity & disease
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1999-04-01 00:00:00
