Abstract:
:USAID began funding the Rural Health Delivery Services Project (RHDS) in Sine Saloum region (later divided into 2 regions--Kaolack and Fatick) of Senegal in 1977. Its aim was to improve the health of rural inhabitants and to set up a model health care delivery system. It specifically set out to increase agricultural output by reducing illness-related absence from work. USAID funds and local taxes paid for the construction of almost 400 village health huts, each staffed by a 1st aid worker and a traditional birth attendant. In 1982, 90% of villagers sought preventive and curative services from the health huts. In 1984, USAID extended funding to a 2nd phase of the RHDS II/Child Survival (CS) project which aimed to expand preventive health efforts and to introduce new preventive services targeting pregnant women and children. These services were immunizations, malaria control, oral rehydration therapy, and growth monitoring. Other objectives were to integrate these services and to institute program sustainability. Other agencies also were involved, such as UNICEF. RHDS II/CS successfully integrated several interventions at health hut and health post levels. An evaluation team found that the spirit of village-based primary health care made the RHDS system work. No follow-up survey to a 1982-83 baseline survey occurred, making it difficult for the team to determine whether RHDS II/CS achieved child survival goals. It recommended that teams have both expatriate and native representatives who are flexible and adaptable to local conditions and constraints and that agencies be pragmatic in their objectives and expectations about what evaluation teams can accomplish and provide advance documents to team members to allow them more of their often limited time in the country to do field work. The team called for donor agencies to cooperate on reporting requirements. It also suggested that new programs should be added to existing health systems and structures instead of forsaking previous successes.
journal_name
Ethn Disjournal_title
Ethnicity & diseaseauthors
Hauck FR,King J,Vian Tkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1992-01-01 00:00:00pages
87-92issue
1eissn
1049-510Xissn
1945-0826journal_volume
2pub_type
杂志文章abstract:OBJECTIVE:To establish the baseline prevalence rates for non-communicable disease risk factors in Eritrea. STUDY DESIGN:A cross-sectional survey was conducted among all the ethnic groups in Eritrea with the WHO STEPwise approach. Hypertension was defined as blood pressure > or = 140/90 mm Hg or a person on medication ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:This study investigated whether HIV testing attitudes, HIV conspiracy beliefs, and reported sexual partner disclosure of HIV/STI status related to one-month self-report HIV testing outcomes following a brief intervention among Black women aged 18-25 years residing in rural Mississippi. Participants:Black wom...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.30.2.251
更新日期:2020-04-23 00:00:00
abstract::The successful recruitment of African-Americans for AIDS/HIV interventions is essential to reducing HIV transmission and the spread of AIDS among this population. However, many high risk groups in the African-American community are reluctant to participate in AIDS/HIV interventions due to factors such as poverty, and ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:African Americans (AA) experience a high mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD), even without an increase in the prevalence of the metabolic syndrome (MetS). The potential role of sleep impairment in this phenomenon has not been studied. The current study examined the relationship between self-reported ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::African-American infants weigh on average 200-300 grams less at birth than do European-American infants, leading to a two-fold higher rate of low birth-weight (LBW) infants. This birth weight disparity has not changed significantly over the past 95 years. Numerous research studies have been undertaken to elucidate thi...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Although the concept of stress is hard to define or measure, it is a phenomenon associated with a number of health conditions, including hypertension, heart disease, and decreased immunocompetency. Events such as migration are known to create stress; researchers refer to this as acculturative stress. Given...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Both genetic and environmental factors have been hypothesized to explain the higher prevalence of hypertension in US African Americans compared to populations still residing in western Africa. Studies of first-generation immigrants can help to identify risk factors for increased chronic disease expression in the devel...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:The purpose of this study was to identify and compare coronary risk factors in different South African ethnic groups with angiographically documented significant coronary artery disease (CAD). DESIGN:An observational retrospective analysis. METHODS:Hospital records of 500 consecutive patients with no previo...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To determine dietary intake and attitude toward weight control of normal weight, overweight, and obese Black women. DESIGN:Cross-sectional survey. SETTING:Rural village in KwaZulu province, South Africa. PARTICIPANTS:A convenience sample (N=187) of 25- to 55-year-old women, of whom 28.9% (N=54) were of no...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Our study aimed to assess patient's perceptions of generic drugs and utilization of generic drug discount programs. DESIGN, SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS:A survey was administered to adult participants at community health centers and community-based organizations in Houston, Texas, USA (n=525). MAIN OUTCOME MEAS...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Training is a crucial tool for building the capacity necessary for prevention and control of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) in developing countries. This paper summarizes some features of a 2-week workshop aimed at enabling local health professionals to initiate a comprehensive CVD prevention and control program in a ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2003-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::This paper focuses on understanding the perilous effects of interpersonal and institutional racism on the psychological and physiological well-being of Blacks. Interpersonal racism refers to prejudice and discriminatory behaviors directed toward individuals because of their race or ethnicity, and institutional racism ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
更新日期:2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Sickle cell disease is the most commonly inheritable blood disorder in man. Sickle cell anemia affects approximately one in 375 Blacks in the United States. There is yet no known cure for this disease. Families of sickle cell patients continue to be financially and emotionally devastated by sickle cell disease complic...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2000-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:The urge to smoke is a predictor of smoking relapse. Little research has focused on the impact of acute urges during treatment among African Americans. This study examined the relationship between smoking urges and long-term abstinence among treatment seekers. Design:Longitudinal prospective investigation. U...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.18865/ed.27.4.395
更新日期:2017-12-07 00:00:00
abstract::This cross-sectional study explored the relation between mammographic densities (a predictor of breast cancer risk), ethnicity, and dietary factors among women in Hawaii. Thirty-nine postmenopausal women with Japanese, Chinese, Caucasian, and Native Hawaiian ancestry who had received a screening mammogram completed a ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examined geographic variation in incidence rates for two cancers common in US Hispanic women and considered some potential explanations, by using data from several high-quality cancer registries. METHODS:Age-standardized incidence rates (ASIRs) per 100,000 Hispanic women per year were analyzed for...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examines the influence of ethnicity (African-American vs white) and family history of hypertension on the blood pressure and heart rate responses of healthy, unmedicated men, aged 21 to 39 years, to a variety of stressors that are hypothesized to elicit beta-adrenergic or alpha-adrenergic reactivity. Cardio...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Obesity predisposes an individual to numerous risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. Inflammation, reported as a link between obesity and cardiovascular disease, contributes to the development of atherosclerosis. OBJECTIVES:The aim of our study was to assess the relationship between lipid parameters, low...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To compare recent temporal trends in the proportion of high-grade (less differentiated, or more "aggressive") prostate cancers for Blacks (African Americans) and Whites. Reports of Black-White differences have generated speculation that genetic factors could be involved. METHODS:The study included all 126,8...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2002-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:PURPOSE:Unique challenges exist in the provision of culturally and linguistically appropriate health care to ethnically diverse populations. The purpose of this study was to improve the metabolic control of Russian patients with diabetes through increased attention to language and cultural concordance between the provi...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2004-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:Objective:Immigrants, especially refugees, face unique barriers to accessing health care relative to native born Americans. In this study, we examined how immigration status, health, barriers to access, and knowledge of the health care system relate to the likelihood of having a regular health care provider. Methods:U...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.29.2.253
更新日期:2019-04-18 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To ascertain the extent to which residence in violent communities is an independent risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes among impoverished (census tract median family income < $10,000/year) African-American mothers. DESIGN:A cross-sectional study was performed. METHODS:We performed multivariate anal...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:Determine principal reasons for hospitalization in a predominantly urban, African American diabetes patient population. DESIGN:Data for outpatients with a diagnosis of diabetes were abstracted from electronic records. The number of hospitalizations from 1998 through 2001 was determined after linking our dat...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2006-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::This study examined actual and perceived weight status and body satisfaction of college-age African-American males. We predicted that, in general, males would be accurate about their weight status and satisfied with their body sizes and shapes. The study population was 123 male from a cross-sectional survey of 406 sen...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Secular trends in onset of menarche and obesity were examined 14 years apart in two biracial (black-white) cohorts of girls aged 8 to 17 under study for cardiovascular risk. The first cohort (N=1,190, 64% white) was examined in 1978-1979, the second (N=1,164, 57% white) in 1992-1994. The second cohort was heavier in t...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1999-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:To use data from the longitudinal Strong Heart Study (SHS) to determine the level of awareness about risk factors for heart disease among 13 populations of American Indians in Arizona, Oklahoma, and South/ North Dakota. The aim of this study is to assess awareness of nine major risk factors for heart disease ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:
更新日期:2006-07-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVES:To estimate the prevalence of disabilities among older American Indians and Alaska Natives (AIANs) and compare these estimates with those of other major racial/ ethnic groups. To estimate, within the population with disabilities, the health-risk behaviors, obesity, and chronic conditions of older AIANs and c...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2007-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Translational research has tremendous potential as a tool to reduce health disparities in the United States, but a lack of common understanding about the scope of this dynamic, multidisciplinary approach to research has limited its use. The term "translational research" is often associated with the phrase "bench to be...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:This study examines the correlates of self-diagnosis of chronic medical and mental health conditions in under-served minority populations. The Behavioral Model for Vulnerable Populations was employed to compare the predisposing and enabling characteristics of two groups: the first group consisted of individua...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:2008-04-01 00:00:00
abstract:Introduction:Almost 40% of the 63 million Americans who speak a language other than English have limited English proficiency (LEP). This communication barrier can result in poor quality care and potentially adverse health outcomes. Of particular interest is that the greatest proportion of LEP adults are aged >65 years ...
journal_title:Ethnicity & disease
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.18865/ed.30.4.603
更新日期:2020-09-24 00:00:00