Abstract:
:Vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) are two mediators synthesized by immune cells, specially under inflammatory and antigen stimulation conditions. Reports have shown that neuropeptides attenuate the deleterious consequences of septic shock both by down-regulating the production of proinflammatory mediators and by stimulating the production of anti-inflammatory cytokines by activated macrophages. In this study, we used a knockout for the PACAP receptor (PAC1(-/-)) to demonstrate an important protective role for PAC1 receptor in endotoxic shock. Moreover, our results indicate that PAC1 receptor acts in vivo as an anti-inflammatory receptor, at least in part, by attenuating lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced production of proinflammatory IL-6, which appears to be the main cytokine regulating the expression of the majority of the acute phase protein genes, which are an important deleterious component of septic shock. Besides, our findings point to endogenously produced VIP and PACAP as participants of the natural anti-inflammatory machinery. Because VIP and PACAP are two attractive candidates for the development of therapies against acute and chronic inflammatory diseases, septic shock, and autoimmune diseases, this paper represents a contribution to the understanding of the mechanism of action of these anti-inflammatory agents.
journal_name
Proc Natl Acad Sci U S Aauthors
Martinez C,Abad C,Delgado M,Arranz A,Juarranz MG,Rodriguez-Henche N,Brabet P,Leceta J,Gomariz RPdoi
10.1073/pnas.012367999keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2002-01-22 00:00:00pages
1053-8issue
2eissn
0027-8424issn
1091-6490pii
012367999journal_volume
99pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Yawn contagion in humans has been proposed to be related to our capacity for empathy. It is presently unclear whether this capacity is uniquely human or shared with other primates, especially monkeys. Here, we show that in gelada baboons (Theropithecus gelada) yawning is contagious between individuals, especially thos...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0910891106
更新日期:2009-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Retroviral entry into cells depends on envelope glycoproteins, whereby receptor binding to the surface-exposed subunit triggers membrane fusion by the transmembrane protein (TM) subunit. We determined the crystal structure at 2.5-A resolution of the ectodomain of gp21, the TM from human T cell leukemia virus type 1. T...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.96.8.4319
更新日期:1999-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::Perception and cognition in infants have been traditionally investigated using habituation paradigms, assuming that babies' memories in laboratory contexts are best constructed after numerous repetitions of the very same stimulus in the absence of interference. A crucial, yet open, question regards how babies deal wit...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1617589114
更新日期:2017-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Discrete state models are a common tool of modeling in many areas. E.g., Markov state models as a particular representative of this model family became one of the major instruments for analysis and understanding of processes in molecular dynamics (MD). Here we extend the scope of discrete state models to the case of s...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1410404111
更新日期:2014-10-14 00:00:00
abstract::Converging evidence from electrophysiological recording and lesion studies suggests an essential role for the cerebellum in classical conditioning of the nictitating membrane response in the rabbit. The present study begins to delineate within this structure neurotransmitter systems that appear critical for the expres...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.7.2101
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The protooncogene c-fps/fes is a single vertebrate locus homologous to both the fps transforming gene of Fujinami avian sarcoma virus and the fes transforming gene of two feline sarcoma virus isolates. The human c-fps/fes locus has been previously cloned and characterized. We report that a recombinant gene in which 3'...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.81.10.3039
更新日期:1984-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Amber suppressor tRNA genes were constructed by site-specific mutagenesis of the anticodons of human lysine-inserting tRNA (tRNA(Lys)) and glutamine-inserting tRNA (tRNA(Gln)) genes, and a Xenopus laevis tyrosine-inserting tRNA (tRNA(Tyr)) gene. As previous in vitro studies in prokaryotes have shown that substitution ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.84.8.2185
更新日期:1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The mouse sperm receptor, a glycoprotein called ZP3, is synthesized and secreted by growing oocytes. It is present in more than a billion copies in the unfertilized egg's extracellular coat, or zona pellucida. We have cloned and characterized a region of the mouse (CD-1) genome that spans 10 kilobases of the ZP3 locus...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.85.17.6409
更新日期:1988-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::We present a mandible recovered in 2003 from the Aurora Stratum of the TD6 level of the Gran Dolina site (Sierra de Atapuerca, northern Spain). The specimen, catalogued as ATD6-96, adds to the hominin sample recovered from this site in 1994-1996, and assigned to Homo antecessor. ATD6-96 is the left half of a gracile m...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0501841102
更新日期:2005-04-19 00:00:00
abstract::Sets of Burkitt lymphoma lines and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-transformed lymphoblastoid cell lines (LCLs) derived from the same individuals were compared for sensitivity to cytotoxic T-lymphocyte (CTL) clones. Major histocompatibility complex class I antigen-restricted CTL clones were generated by stimulating the lymph...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.83.15.5620
更新日期:1986-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Model compositions of Earth, Venus, and Mercury are calculated from the premise that planets and chondrites underwent four identical fractionation processes in the solar nebula. Because elements of similar properties stay together in these processes, five constraints suffice to define the composition of a planet: mass...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.12.6973
更新日期:1980-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::We describe five individuals who have constitutional deletions of the short arm of one chromosome 11, including all or part of the band p13. All of these individuals suffer from aniridia; two have had a Wilms tumor removed. We have established lymphoblastoid cell lines from these and in three cases constructed somatic...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.82.24.8592
更新日期:1985-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::Recent data indicate that sustained elevations in plasma insulin suppress the mRNA for IRS-2, a component of the insulin signaling pathway in liver, and that this deficiency contributes to hepatic insulin resistance and inappropriate gluconeogenesis. Here, we use nuclear run-on assays to show that insulin inhibits tra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.071054598
更新日期:2001-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::Nutrition recommendations worldwide emphasize ingestion of plant-based diets rather than diets that rely primarily on animal products. However, this plant-based diet could limit the intake of essential nutrients such as calcium. Osteoporosis is one of the world's most prevalent nutritional disorders, and inadequate di...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1073/pnas.0709005105
更新日期:2008-02-05 00:00:00
abstract::Uniparentally inherited mutations to antibiotic resistance and dependence in Chlamydomonas reinhardi exhibit an altered chloroplast ribosome phenotype. Genetic studies demonstrate an absolute correlation between the drug resistance or dependence and the ribosome phenotype in two such mutants. ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.67.2.1026
更新日期:1970-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::It has long been recognized that the renal proximal tubular epithelium of the hamster is a bona fide estrogen target tissue. The effect of estrogens on the growth of proximal tubule cell explants and dissociated single cells derived from these explant outgrowths has been studied in culture. Renal tubular cells were gr...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.86.6.2107
更新日期:1989-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::Stem cells divide and differentiate to form all of the specialized cell types in a multicellular organism. In the Arabidopsis root, stem cells are maintained in an undifferentiated state by a less mitotically active population of cells called the quiescent center (QC). Determining how the QC regulates the surrounding ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.2002166117
更新日期:2020-06-30 00:00:00
abstract::The Arabidopsis thaliana AtHKT1 protein, a Na(+)/K(+) transporter, is capable of mediating inward Na(+) currents in Xenopus laevis oocytes and K(+) uptake in Escherichia coli. HKT1 proteins are members of a superfamily of K(+) transporters. These proteins have been proposed to contain eight transmembrane segments and ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.101556598
更新日期:2001-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Methanogenic archaea are major contributors to the global carbon cycle and were long thought to belong exclusively to the euryarchaeal phylum. Discovery of the methanogenesis gene cluster methyl-coenzyme M reductase (Mcr) in the Bathyarchaeota, and thereafter the Verstraetearchaeota, led to a paradigm shift, pushing b...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1815631116
更新日期:2019-03-12 00:00:00
abstract::When G-protein alpha subunits binds GTP and Mg(2+), they transition from their inactive to their active conformation. This transition is accompanied by completion of the coordination shell of Mg(2+) with electrons from six oxygens: two water molecules, the ss and gamma phosphoryls of GTP, a helix-alpha1 Ser, and a swi...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1004803107
更新日期:2010-05-25 00:00:00
abstract::The testis-determining gene Sry is located on the short arm of the mouse Y chromosome in a region known to have undergone duplications and rearrangements in comparison with the equivalent portion of the human Y chromosome. Detailed analysis of the Sry genomic locus reveals a further difference in that the mouse Sry op...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.89.17.7953
更新日期:1992-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::Tobacco mosaic virus and turnip yellow mosaic virus genome RNAs, which have long (greater than or equal to 69 nucleotides) 5'-terminal leader sequences preceding the AUG initiation codon, can form disome initiation complexes when incubated with a wheat germ extract and sparsomycin. In tobacco mosaic virus RNA, whereas...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.76.7.3111
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Two-dimensional gel electrophoresis of immunoprecipitated human HLA-DR antigens from cells expressing the HLA-DR4 haplotype shows distinct clustering of beta-chain patterns. Six unique electrophoretic variants were observed among 17 HLA-DR4 homozygous cell lines (HCL) analyzed. These patterns correlate precisely with ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.80.22.6962
更新日期:1983-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::Non-human primates (NHP) provide crucial research models. Their strong similarities to humans make them particularly valuable for understanding complex behavioral traits and brain structure and function. We report here the genetic mapping of an NHP nervous system biologic trait, the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) concentra...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0707640104
更新日期:2007-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Phagocytes are a critical component of the innate immune response in humans and eliminate invading microorganisms through a process known as phagocytosis. Two distinct receptor-linked phagocytic pathways, one with Ab receptors (FcRs; FcR, Fc receptor) and the other complement receptors (CRs), mediate binding and inges...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.092148299
更新日期:2002-05-14 00:00:00
abstract::The endometrial epithelium of the uterus regenerates periodically. The cellular source of newly regenerated endometrial epithelia during a mouse estrous cycle or a human menstrual cycle is presently unknown. Here, I have used single-cell lineage tracing in the whole mouse uterus to demonstrate that epithelial stem cel...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1814597116
更新日期:2019-04-02 00:00:00
abstract::A central role for phenotypic plasticity in adaptive evolution is often posited yet lacks empirical support. Selection for the stable production of an induced phenotype is hypothesized to modify the regulation of preexisting developmental pathways, producing rapid adaptive change. We examined the role of plasticity in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.0912748107
更新日期:2010-03-02 00:00:00
abstract::The properties of the virus synthesized by each of three morphologically different cell lines originating from DBA/2J fetal liver cells transformed by the anemic strain of Friend leukemia virus in vitro were analyzed. The cells of line G-1 are malignant in syngeneic DBA/2 mice, grow in suspension, and are erythroid in...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.10.5769
更新日期:1980-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The human proteome contains a plethora of short linear motifs (SLiMs) that serve as binding interfaces for modular protein domains. Such interactions are crucial for signaling and other cellular processes, but are difficult to detect because of their low to moderate affinities. Here we developed a dedicated approach, ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.1312296111
更新日期:2014-02-18 00:00:00
abstract::N6-Cyclohexyl[3H]adenosine ([3H]CHA) and 1,3-diethyl-8-[3H]phenylxanthine ([3H]DPX) to bind to adenosine receptors in brain membranes. The agonist [3H]CHA has high affinity in both bovine and guinea pig brain (Kd, 0.7 nM and 6 nM, respectively). [3H]CHA binding kinetics are slow (dissociation t1/2;60 min); binding is ...
journal_title:Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1073/pnas.77.9.5547
更新日期:1980-09-01 00:00:00