Abstract:
:Outbreaks of gastroenteritis are a major public health problem in New Zealand. The introduction of molecular detection methods has now shown that the 'Norwalk-like viruses' (NLVs) are the major cause of food and waterborne nonbacterial gastroenteritis. Reverse transcription and polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) were used to determine the presence of NLVs in faecal specimens from 83 nonbacterial gastroenteritis outbreaks occurring in New Zealand between August 1995 and July 1999. Further characterisation of the NLVs for epidemiological purposes was carried out by dot blot DNA hybridisation and DNA sequencing of representative outbreak strains. The majority of NLV strains occurring in New Zealand since August 1995 are similar to those occurring overseas. The predominant New Zealand strain is genetically similar to the Bristol/Lordsdale virus group. Several New Zealand outbreaks were attributed to Auckland virus, a Mexico-like NLV strain identified as the most likely cause of gastroenteritis after consumption of contaminated oysters in 1994. A new strain, designated Napier virus, has been identified in six outbreaks since 1996. A number of strains closely resembling internationally recognised strains, including Southampton virus, Saratoga virus; Desert Shield virus and Melksham virus have been associated with gastroenteritis outbreaks across New Zealand. Application of these typing methods has provided information on disease transmission for epidemiological investigations of public health significance.
journal_name
J Med Viroljournal_title
Journal of medical virologyauthors
Greening GE,Mirams M,Berke Tdoi
10.1002/jmv.1018keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2001-05-01 00:00:00pages
58-66issue
1eissn
0146-6615issn
1096-9071pii
10.1002/jmv.1018journal_volume
64pub_type
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