Abstract:
:Oxygen deprivation for prolonged periods leads to cardiac cell death and ventricular dysfunction. The ability to prevent myocardial cell death would be of significant therapeutic value in maintaining cardiac function after injury. While caspases have been suggested to play a critical role in apoptosis, their involvement during hypoxic injury has not been formally determined. In this report, we show that adult ventricular myocytes subjected to hypoxia for 1 h undergo a three-fold increase (P<0.05) in the incidence of apoptosis as determined by TUNEL analysis and Hoechst 33258 nuclear staining. Western blot analysis of hypoxic myocytes revealed a 10-fold increase in the proteolytic processing of caspase 3 to p17 with a concomitant cleavage of the caspase 3 substrate PARP from 116 kd to p85 kd compared to normoxic controls. Defects in mitochondrial membrane integrity were also observed as evidenced by the translocation of cytochrome c from the mitochondrial to cytosolic compartment of hypoxic cells. Pretreatment of ventricular myocytes with the peptide-caspase inhibitor known to block caspases related to caspase 1 (Ac-YVAD-CHO) attenuated cytochrome c release, processing of caspase 3, and apoptosis. While the caspase inhibitor (Ac-DEVD-CHO) which blocks caspases related to caspase 3, suppressed the cleavage of PARP and apoptosis, it had no effect on cytochrome c release by mitochondria. The data provide direct evidence for the proteolytic activation of caspases during hypoxia-mediated apoptosis of adult ventricular myocytes. Furthermore, the data suggest a hierarchical scheme for caspase activation with mitochondrial cytochrome c release occurring proximally to DEVD-CHO-inhibitable caspases.
journal_name
J Mol Cell Cardioljournal_title
Journal of molecular and cellular cardiologyauthors
de Moissac D,Gurevich RM,Zheng H,Singal PK,Kirshenbaum LAdoi
10.1006/jmcc.1999.1057keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
53-63issue
1eissn
0022-2828issn
1095-8584pii
S002228289991057Xjournal_volume
32pub_type
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journal_title:Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology
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journal_title:Journal of molecular and cellular cardiology
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