Changes in type of collagen synthesized as clones of chick chondrocytes grow and eventually lose division capacity.

abstract：:A polypeptide was purified from rat hypothalamic extracts on the basis of its high intrinsic activity to release corticotropin (ACTH) from cultured rat anterior pituitary cells and its immunoactivity in a radioimmunoassay directed against the NH2 terminus (residues 4-20) of ovine hypothalamic corticotropin-releasing f...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Rivier J,Spiess J,Vale W

更新日期：1983-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Bovine milk lipoprotein lipase was subjected to amino acid sequence analysis. The first 19 amino-terminal residues were Asp-Arg-Ile-Thr-Gly-Gly-Lys-Asp-Phe-Arg-Asp-Ile-Glu-Ser-Lys-Phe-Ala-Leu- Arg. In addition, reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography of a tryptic digest of reduced and alkylated lipase re...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Ben-Avram CM,Ben-Zeev O,Lee TD,Haaga K,Shively JE,Goers J,Pedersen ME,Reeve JR Jr,Schotz MC

更新日期：1986-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis is a neurodegenerative syndrome associated with 114 mutations in the gene encoding the cytosolic homodimeric enzyme Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD). In this article, we report that amyotrophic lateral sclerosis-associated SOD mutations with distinctly different disease progression can be...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lindberg MJ,Byström R,Boknäs N,Andersen PM,Oliveberg M

更新日期：2005-07-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Maintenance of genomic stability is essential for normal organismal development and is vital to prevent diseases such as cancer. As genetic information is packaged into chromatin, it has become increasingly clear that the chromatin environment plays an important role in DNA damage response. However, how DNA repair is ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Li X,Liu L,Yang S,Song N,Zhou X,Gao J,Yu N,Shan L,Wang Q,Liang J,Xuan C,Wang Y,Shang Y,Shi L

更新日期：2014-05-13 00:00:00

abstract：:The soybean genome hosts a family of several hundred, relatively homogeneous copies of a large, copia/Ty1-like retroelement designated SIRE-1. A copy of this element has been recovered from a Glycine max genomic library. DNA sequence analysis of two SIRE-1 subclones revealed that SIRE-1 contains a long, uninterrupted,...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Laten HM,Majumdar A,Gaucher EA

更新日期：1998-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Obese fat pads are frequently undervascularized and hypoxic, leading to increased fibrosis, inflammation, and ultimately insulin resistance. We hypothesized that VEGF-A-induced stimulation of angiogenesis enables sustained and sufficient oxygen and nutrient exchange during fat mass expansion, thereby improving adipose...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun K,Wernstedt Asterholm I,Kusminski CM,Bueno AC,Wang ZV,Pollard JW,Brekken RA,Scherer PE

更新日期：2012-04-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM; grade IV astrocytoma) is the most prevalent and aggressive form of primary brain cancer. A subpopulation of multipotent cells termed GBM cancer stem cells (CSCs) play a critical role in tumor initiation, tumor maintenance, metastasis, drug resistance, and recurrence following surgery. Her...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lucki NC,Villa GR,Vergani N,Bollong MJ,Beyer BA,Lee JW,Anglin JL,Spangenberg SH,Chin EN,Sharma A,Johnson K,Sander PN,Gordon P,Skirboll SL,Wurdak H,Schultz PG,Mischel PS,Lairson LL

更新日期：2019-03-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Gelation of colloidal nanocrystals emerged as a strategy to preserve inherent nanoscale properties in multiscale architectures. However, available gelation methods to directly form self-supported nanocrystal networks struggle to reliably control nanoscale optical phenomena such as photoluminescence and localized surfa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saez Cabezas CA,Ong GK,Jadrich RB,Lindquist BA,Agrawal A,Truskett TM,Milliron DJ

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The atomic displacements associated with the freezing of metals and salts are calculated by treating crystal growth as an assignment problem through the use of an optimal transport algorithm. Converting these displacements into timescales based on the dynamics of the bulk liquid, we show that we can predict the activa...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Sun G,Hawken A,Harrowell P

更新日期：2020-02-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite substantial evidence that nitric oxide (NO) and/or endogenous S-nitrosothiols (SNOs) exert protective effects in a variety of cardiovascular diseases, the molecular details are largely unknown. Here we show that following left coronary artery ligation, mice with a targeted deletion of the S-nitrosoglutathione ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lima B,Lam GK,Xie L,Diesen DL,Villamizar N,Nienaber J,Messina E,Bowles D,Kontos CD,Hare JM,Stamler JS,Rockman HA

更新日期：2009-04-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Endothelium-derived relaxing factor (EDRF) activity has been attributed to the highly labile nitric oxide radical (NO). In view of the fact that the plasma and cellular milieux contain reactive species that can rapidly inactivate NO, it has been postulated that NO is stabilized by a carrier molecule that preserves its...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Stamler JS,Simon DI,Osborne JA,Mullins ME,Jaraki O,Michel T,Singel DJ,Loscalzo J

更新日期：1992-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Rhomboid domain-containing protein 3 (Rhbdd3), which belongs to a family of proteins with rhomboid domain, is widely expressed in immune cells; however, the roles of the Rhbdd members, including Rhbdd3, in immunity remain unknown. Natural killer (NK) cells are critical for host immune defense and also can mediate infl...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Liu J,Liu S,Xia M,Xu S,Wang C,Bao Y,Jiang M,Wu Y,Xu T,Cao X

更新日期：2013-05-07 00:00:00

abstract：:The two internal transcribed spacers (ITS1 and ITS2) of rDNA of three members of the Ixodes ricinus "complex" (Acari: Ixodidae) were sequenced. Sequence variation was assessed for the North American species I. scapularis, I. dammini, and I. pacificus at three levels: within individual/population, between individuals o...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Wesson DM,McLain DK,Oliver JH,Piesman J,Collins FH

更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Evolution of new enzymatic activities is believed to require a period of gene sharing in which a single enzyme must serve both its original function and a new function that has become advantageous to the organism. Subsequent gene duplication allows one copy to maintain the original function, while the other diverges t...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： McLoughlin SY,Copley SD

更新日期：2008-09-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Fusions of the lac operon to genes induced by treatment with sublethal levels of alkylating agents have been selected from random insertions of the Mu-dl(ApRlac) phage by screening for induction of beta-galactosidase activity in the presence of methyl methanesulfonate. Genetic analysis reveals that these fusions resul...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Volkert MR,Nguyen DC

更新日期：1984-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Several groups have attempted to develop gene therapy strategies to treat cancer via introduction of the wild-type (wt) p53 cDNA into cancer cells. Unfortunately, these approaches do not result in regulated expression of the p53 gene and do not reduce expression of the mutant p53 that is overexpressed in cancerous cel...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Watanabe T,Sullenger BA

更新日期：2000-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Hair cells of the inner ear, the mechanosensory receptors, convert sound waves into neural signals that are passed to the brain via the auditory nerve. Little is known about the molecular mechanisms that govern the development of hair cell-neuronal connections. We ascertained a family with autosomal recessive deafness...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Diaz-Horta O,Abad C,Sennaroglu L,Foster J 2nd,DeSmidt A,Bademci G,Tokgoz-Yilmaz S,Duman D,Cengiz FB,Grati M,Fitoz S,Liu XZ,Farooq A,Imtiaz F,Currall BB,Morton CC,Nishita M,Minami Y,Lu Z,Walz K,Tekin M

更新日期：2016-05-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutator activity associated with the common male recombination (MR) chromosomes in Drosophila melanogaster appears to be suppressed in natural populations. Crosses between geographically separated populations, however, lead to the release of mutator activity as measured by a significant increase in visible mutations. ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Thompson JN Jr,Woodruff RC

更新日期：1980-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Despite extensive efforts to understand the monogenic contributions to perturbed glucose homeostasis, the complexity of genetic events that fractionally contribute to the spectrum of this pathology remain poorly understood. Proper maintenance of glucose homeostasis is the central feature of a constellation of comorbid...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Fleet T,Zhang B,Lin F,Zhu B,Dasgupta S,Stashi E,Tackett B,Thevananther S,Rajapakshe KI,Gonzales N,Dean A,Mao J,Timchenko N,Malovannaya A,Qin J,Coarfa C,DeMayo F,Dacso CC,Foulds CE,O'Malley BW,York B

更新日期：2015-11-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Bacillus anthrax lethal toxin can be engineered to deliver foreign proteins to the cytosol for antigen presentation to CD8 T cells. Vaccination with modified toxins carrying 8-9 amino acid peptide epitopes induces protective immunity in mice. To evaluate whether large protein antigens can be used with this system, rec...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Lu Y,Friedman R,Kushner N,Doling A,Thomas L,Touzjian N,Starnbach M,Lieberman J

更新日期：2000-07-05 00:00:00

abstract：:Experimental intramolecular vibrational dephasing transients for several large organic molecules are reanalyzed. Fits to the experimental data, as well as full numerical quantum calculations with a factorized potential surface for all active degrees of freedom of fluorene indicate that power law decays, not exponentia...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Gruebele M

更新日期：1998-05-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The F-box protein Skp2 (S-phase kinase-associated protein 2) positively regulates the G(1)-S transition by controlling the stability of several G(1) regulators, such as the cell cycle inhibitor p27. We show here that Skp2 expression correlates directly with grade of malignancy and inversely with p27 levels in human ly...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Latres E,Chiarle R,Schulman BA,Pavletich NP,Pellicer A,Inghirami G,Pagano M

更新日期：2001-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Yields of beta-hydroxynitrates, dihydroxynitrates, and trihydroxynitrates, in particles formed from OH radical-initiated reactions of C(9)-C(15) 2-methyl-1-alkenes in the presence of NO(x) were measured by using a thermal desorption particle beam mass spectrometer coupled to a high-performance liquid chromatograph wit...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Matsunaga A,Ziemann PJ

更新日期：2010-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Natural selection does not necessarily favor maximal reproduction because reproduction imposes fitness costs, reducing parental survival, and offspring quality. Here, we show that parents in a preindustrial population in North America incurred fitness costs from reproduction, and women incurred greater costs than men....

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Penn DJ,Smith KR

更新日期：2007-01-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Pathway-specific therapy is the future of cancer management. The oncogenic phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is frequently activated in solid tumors; however, currently, no reliable test for PI3K pathway activation exists for human tumors. Taking advantage of the observation that loss of PTEN, the negative ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Saal LH,Johansson P,Holm K,Gruvberger-Saal SK,She QB,Maurer M,Koujak S,Ferrando AA,Malmström P,Memeo L,Isola J,Bendahl PO,Rosen N,Hibshoosh H,Ringnér M,Borg A,Parsons R

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The cytokine IFN-γ is a critical regulator of immune system development and function. Almost all leukocytes express the receptor for IFN-γ, yet each cell type elicits a different response to this cytokine. Cell type-specific effects of IFN-γ make it difficult to predict the outcomes of the systemic IFN-γ blockade and ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Krummel MF,Mahale JN,Uhl LFK,Hardison EA,Mujal AM,Mazet JM,Weber RJ,Gartner ZJ,Gérard A

更新日期：2018-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Animals treated with potent gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase inhibitors and a patient with severe gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase deficiency excrete much larger than normal amounts of glutathione, gamma-glutamylcysteine, and cysteine in their urine; these compounds were found in disulfide forms. The findings indicate that ...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Griffith OW,Meister A

更新日期：1980-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The embryonic neuroepithelium gives rise to the components of the central nervous system in the mature animal. To study the early development of the murine central nervous system we have sought to isolate growth factor receptors from the neuroepithelium of the neural tube of 10-day-old mouse embryos. Because many grow...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Reid HH,Wilks AF,Bernard O

更新日期：1990-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Polyploidy, the presence of more than two complete sets of chromosomes in an organism, has significantly shaped the genomes of angiosperms during evolution. Two forms of polyploidy are often considered: allopolyploidy, which originates from interspecies hybrids, and autopolyploidy, which originates from intraspecies g...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Yu Z,Haberer G,Matthes M,Rattei T,Mayer KF,Gierl A,Torres-Ruiz RA

更新日期：2010-10-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Dictyostelium myosin II is activated by phosphorylation of its regulatory light chain by myosin light chain kinase A (MLCK-A), an unconventional MLCK that is not regulated by Ca2+/calmodulin. MLCK-A is activated by autophosphorylation of threonine-289 outside of the catalytic domain and by phosphorylation of threonine...

journal_title：Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America

authors： Silveira LA,Smith JL,Tan JL,Spudich JA

更新日期：1998-10-27 00:00:00