Abstract：
:Biologic therapies refer to genetically engineered treatments such as monoclonal antibodies and receptor-immunoglobulin fusion proteins. Following many disappointments, the introduction of anti-tumor necrosis factor (anti-TNF alpha) therapies into the clinic has clearly demonstrated the exciting potential of biologic agents. Many of these have been designed to modulate a specific aspect of the underlying autoimmune process, thus avoiding generalized immunosuppression. They include products which interfere with the trimolecular complex of major histocompatibility complex II-Antigen-T cell receptor interaction; others designed to block the secondary signals for T cell activation and T cell interaction with antigen-presenting cells; and cytokine agonists as well as antagonists. Whilst reducing the degree of global immunosuppression associated with therapy, this targeted specificity may reduce the likelihood that a single therapeutic agent will provide long-term disease control. On the other hand, animal models have demonstrated synergy of combination biologic therapy, particularly for the re-induction of self-tolerance. As our knowledge of immune physiology and, particularly, immune regulation improves, it can be expected that many combination biologic therapies will be tested in the clinic. Pilot studies of combined anti-CD4 and TNF alpha blockade are underway; combination use of TNF alpha and interleukin-1 beta inhibitors are expected. This article reviews the potential for combination biologic therapy, including likely adverse effects, for the treatment of rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.
journal_name
Clin Exp Rheumatoljournal_title
Clinical and experimental rheumatologyauthors
Isaacs JD,Morgan AW,Strand Vkeywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
S121-4issue
6 Suppl 18eissn
0392-856Xissn
1593-098Xjournal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：OBJECTIVES:Superior vena cava syndrome (SVCS) is a medical emergency which can also be seen in Behçet's syndrome (BS). Having noted that BS patients with SVCS frequently complained of sleep disturbances, snoring and sleep apnea, suggesting obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), we formally surveyed the risk for OSA among BS pa...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2019-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is one of the most serious pulmonary complications associated with connective tissue diseases (CTDs), resulting in significant morbidity and mortality. Recently, lung ultrasound examination has appeared as a useful, feasible, non-invasive, radiation-free imaging technique with high sens...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2018-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:The aim of this consensus process was to construct a preliminary version of the ICF Core Set for acute inflammatory arthritis. METHODS:The development of the ICF Core Set involved a formal decision-making and consensus process, integrating evidence gathered from preliminary studies including focus groups of ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 共识发展会议,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To assess the response to and safety of long term, high dose (> or = 1 mg/kg/week or > or = 15 mg/m2/week) methotrexate (MTX) administration, in a cohort of 21 children with longstanding, severe juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA). METHODS:Children received MTX at an average weekly dose of 27 mg for a mean o...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1995-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Adjuvant-induced innate immune responses have been suspected to play a role in the initiation of certain autoimmune disorders. This study investigates the role of alum, an aluminum-based adjuvant in the induction of Sjögren's syndrome-like disorder in mice. METHODS:Inbred, female New Zealand Mixed (NZM) 275...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2014-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) are at increased risk of falling. In healthy elderly persons with a history of falling, a reduced ability to avoid obstacles while walking has been shown to relate to increased fall risk. The aim of this study was to determine whether this potential risk factor for fall...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2009-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:Skin disease can be one of the most refractory clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The standard therapy consists of sunscreens, topical corticosteroids and antimalarials. However in difficult cases a variety of other drugs have been tried. Here we describe our clinical experience wi...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2005-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is general agreement that the hepatitis C virus is efficiently transmitted parenterally, while data on viral transmission from mothers to babies or by sexual or non-sexual household contact are conflicting. In Italy, hepatitis C accounts for approximately 20% of all cases of acute viral hepatitis. It is more fre...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To evaluate the properties of antibodies to bacterial DNA in the sera of normal human subjects (NHS) and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), the effects of ionic strength and pH on their binding to single-stranded DNA (ssDNA) from Micrococcus lysodeikticus (MC) were measured. By ELISA, antibodies to MC s...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Treat-to-target strategies in the management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) involve intensifying medication as long as low disease activity or remission is not achieved. Our aim was to discuss reasons and opportunities for tapering and discontinuing medication when the target is achieved, in part...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:There is a definite association of heart disease with ankylosing spondylitis (AS). The magnitude of this relationship is less clear. Three types of inflammatory affections can be differentiated: 1. aortitis and aortic insufficiency with the possible necessity of cardiac surgery, 2. conduction disturbances of the atrio...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2002-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:A contribution of mast cells and its mediators in the pathogenesis of arthritis has been postulated. We aimed to clarify the role of mast cell-derived serine protease tryptase and proteinase activated receptor (PAR)-2-mediated signaling in chondrocytes. METHODS:Human articular cartilage specimens were obtain...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2007-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A series of different ultrasonographic abnormalities detected by salivary gland echography (SGE) were investigated for their discriminant power for Sjögren's syndrome (SS) in 53 patients with either primary SS (n = 27) or secondary SS (n = 26), as well as in 90 controls. Among the controls, 26 suffered from dry mouth ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To investigate the incidence and clinical features in patients with cytomegalovirus (CMV)-positive antigenemia during high dose corticosteroid therapy for collagen vascular diseases, and risk factors associated with it. PATIENTS AND METHODS:We examined retrospectively 35 consecutive patients for the presence...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess adherence to published guidelines for the treatment of Behçet's syndrome (BS) in two geographic areas. METHODS:We extracted guideline statements from the 2008 EULAR recommendations. Adherence to these statements was evaluated retrospectively in both New York (USA) and Amsterdam (The Netherlands), ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi：
更新日期：2017-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To examine the feasibility and efficacy of a multidisciplinary health care programme for patients with knee OA. METHODS:A 12-month follow-up care programme for knee OA, based on clinical evidence and expert opinion was implemented in primary care settings. It included recommendations on diagnosis, managemen...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2011-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Autoimmune thyroiditis (ATD) has been linked to various forms of arthritis. The relationship with spinal degenerative disc disease (DDD) is not known. We studied the association between ATD and spinal DDD. METHODS:We performed a cross-sectional analysis of patients who had data on both anti-thyroid peroxida...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Pulmonary hemorrhage (PH) is a rare but potentially life-threatening manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this report we describe a 13 year old girl with PH as the sole presenting clinical manifestation of her SLE. Her serology was diagnostic of SLE and one year after presentation she developed arth...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1997-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The aim of this paper is to assess the clinical response to golimumab (GLM) in patients with non-infectious uveitis from a single centre that had previously been treated with other anti-TNF-α drugs. METHODS:A retrospective chart review was carried out of patients with immune-mediated uveitis refractory to s...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:To assess the relationship between blood and tissue steroid levels, cortisol and dehydroepiandrosterone sulphate (DHEAS) were measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA) in blood and joint tissues from a group of patients with RA (N = 29) ranging in age from 26 to 80 years (mean 63, SD: 13) and another group with secondary ost...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:The first aim was to make an inventory of available instruments and questionnaires for the assessment of disabilities in personal care in patients with rheumatic disorders. The second aim was to investigate which of these instruments have acceptable, methodological quality with regard to reliability, validit...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVE:To answer and comment on a number of controversial issues in relation to osteoporosis and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), including: Is osteoporosis an extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis? Does periarticular osteoporosis reflect disease activity in early arthritis? Is there a threshold for cortic...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1995-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This study examines the interrelationship between arachidonic acid (AA) metabolism and chemotactic potential of human peripheral blood neutrophils from both normal donors and patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). We demonstrate that there is a significant inverse relationship between the neutrophil's metabolic capa...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1989-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cardiac conducting tissue antibodies (CCTA) were detected, using indirect immunofluorescence, in 8 (25%) out of 32 sera from patients with progressive systemic sclerosis (PSS) and in 39 (35%) out of 110 with rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Conduction abnormalities, namely right bundle branch block, were present in 19 (59%)...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1985-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since 1990 the Utrecht Rheumatoid Arthritis Cohort study group has performed several clinical trials on different treatment strategies in early rheumatoid arthritis (RA) patients. From 1990 till 1994, patients were randomly assigned to the pyramid strategy group or the early DMARD group. Patients in the early DMARD gr...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi：
更新日期：2003-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a chronic autoimmune multi-organ disease with an unpredictable course. SLE causes functional disability, changes in body appearance, and psychological distress. When faced with SLE, patients have to implement coping strategies. Therefore, the aim of this study was to des...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2020-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We describe two cases, a 28-year-old woman and a 46-year-old man, with mouth and genital ulcers with inflamed cartilage (chondritis of the nose and ears) (MAGIC syndrome). The conditions of both patients were resolved by treatment with corticosteroid and colchicine. We also review the English literature related to thi...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2006-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The immunological function of patients with inactive systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) receiving chronically administered, low-dose cyclophosphamide (CY) together with prednisolone (PSL) was compared with that of inactive patients receiving PSL alone. A striking selective suppression of "genuine" resting, but not "pa...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：1993-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：OBJECTIVES:To assess in daily practice in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) the effect of treatment with first tumour necrosis factor-α inhibitor (TNFi) in quality of life (Qol), disease activity and depict possible baseline predictors for gains in Qol. METHODS:Patients followed prospectively by the Hellenic Reg...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2016-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The association of hepatitis B virus infection and vasculitis or other immune-mediated manifestations is well documented. Reports on such manifestations in relation to hepatitis B vaccination are scarce, however. We report 2 patients who developed polyarteritis nodosa following vaccination against hepatitis B. In one ...
journal_title：Clinical and experimental rheumatology
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
