Abstract:
:An imbalance between neutrophil proteases and the surrounding antiproteases is critical in the normal functioning of the neutrophil. Enzyme activity is of importance in cell migration and may play a role in some beneficial aspects of host defense. However, when persistent or excessive this imbalance can be detrimental and (even in the absence of antiprotease deficiency) central to most of the pathogenic processes in COPD. Understanding of these complex relationships that alter a beneficial host defense response to a destructive one will be critical in the development of long-term therapeutic strategies. Stockley RA. Neutrophils and protease/antiprotease imbalance.
journal_name
Am J Respir Crit Care Medauthors
Stockley RAdoi
10.1164/ajrccm.160.supplement_1.13keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
1999-11-01 00:00:00pages
S49-52issue
5 Pt 2eissn
1073-449Xissn
1535-4970journal_volume
160pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::Acute sustained hypoxia causes an early rise in ventilation, followed by a reduction in ventilation ("roll off") after several minutes to levels below the peak but above baseline. The underlying mechanism(s) of this biphasic response is unclear. Hypoxia induces changes in the release and metabolic turnover of glutamat...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm/151.4.1113
更新日期:1995-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::The use of noninvasive methods of monitoring airway inflammation, such as exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) and induced sputum, has been shown to improve asthma monitoring and optimize treatment in adult patients with asthma. There is a lack of comparable data in children. Forty children with stable asthma eligible for inhal...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200409-1242OC
更新日期:2005-05-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA), a treatable sleep disorder that is associated with alterations in glucose metabolism in individuals without diabetes, is a highly prevalent comorbidity of type 2 diabetes. However, it is not known whether the severity of OSA is a predictor of glycemic control in patients with di...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200909-1423OC
更新日期:2010-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::There have been four types of drug treatment of asthma that have been used over the past 100 years. Belladonna alkaloids, derived from the thorn-apple plant were used in 1905, and chemically synthesized entities in this class are still in use today. Western medicine began to use adrenergic stimulants approximately 100...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 历史文章,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200502-257OE
更新日期:2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Used adjunctively during mechanical ventilation, tracheal gas insufflation (TGI) improves CO2 elimination, principally by decreasing effective anatomic dead space. Continuing lung deflation at end- expiration raises the end-expiratory C02 concentration within the proximal airway, and could theoretically reduce the eff...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.6.8665040
更新日期:1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::We have investigated the efficacy of a clarithromycin-containing four-drug regimen for Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) pulmonary disease in 46 patients without acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). The patients were 14 males and 32 females with a mean age of 60.9 +/- 11.5 yr. Patients received 10 mg/kg/d of cla...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.160.3.9811086
更新日期:1999-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::It is controversial whether obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) causes pulmonary hypertension (PH) in the absence of hypoxemic lung disease. To investigate this further we measured awake pulmonary hemodynamics, pulmonary gas exchange, and small airways function in 32 patients with OSA (apnea- hypopnea index, mean +/- SE, 46...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.5.9805086
更新日期:1999-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Rationale: Lumacaftor-ivacaftor is a CFTR (cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator) modulator combination recently approved for patients with cystic fibrosis (CF) homozygous for the Phe508del mutation.Objectives: To evaluate the safety and effectiveness of lumacaftor-ivacaftor in adolescents (≥12 yr) and a...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201906-1227OC
更新日期:2020-01-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Chronic exposure to indoor nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is a public health concern. Over half of U.S. households have a source of NO2, and experimental data suggest potential for adverse respiratory effects. OBJECTIVE:To examine associations of indoor NO2 exposure with respiratory symptoms among children with asth...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200408-1123OC
更新日期:2006-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Colonization of lower airways by Staphylococcus aureus is a risk factor for the development of ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT) and ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP). However, little is known about the virulence factors of methicillin-sensitive and -resistant S. aureus (MSSA and MRSA) that ma...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201406-1012OC
更新日期:2014-11-15 00:00:00
abstract::Although airway inflammation is recognized as a key feature of asthma, the characteristics of airway inflammation in children with acute severe asthma are not well defined. The aim of this study was to describe the characteristics of airway inflammation in children with an acute exacerbation of asthma using sputum cel...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.161.3.9809071
更新日期:2000-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::To compare the effectiveness of information delivered to family members of critically ill patients by junior and senior physicians, we performed a prospective randomized multicenter trial in 11 French intensive care units. Patients (n = 220) were allocated at random to having their family members receive information b...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/rccm.200305-645OC
更新日期:2004-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::T cells in the airways are considered to play a key role in orchestrating the inflammatory response of asthma through the elaboration of specific cytokines. Using flow cytometry we have investigated the T-cell response of sensitized asthmatic airways 6 h after local allergen provocation. Twelve subjects with atopic as...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564090
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to elucidate the relationships between pleural (Ppl), esophageal (Pes), and superimposed gravitational pressures in acute lung injury, and to understand the mechanisms of recruitment and derecruitment. In six dogs with oleic acid respiratory failure, we measured Pes and Ppl in the uppermost, middle, and most ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.164.1.2007010
更新日期:2001-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is traditionally diagnosed using overnight polysomnography. Decision rules may provide an alternative to polysomnography. A consecutive series of patients referred to a tertiary sleep center underwent prospective evaluation with the upper airway physical examination protocol, followed by ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200112-110OC
更新日期:2003-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Historically, infections caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis have been treated simultaneously with isoniazid and rifampin. As a consequence of this combined therapy, strains resistant only to rifampin were rarely recovered. However, recently there has been an increasing number of reports describing HIV-positive patie...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.153.2.8564140
更新日期:1996-02-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Spontaneous breathing during mechanical ventilation increases transpulmonary pressure and Vt, and worsens lung injury. Intuitively, controlling Vt and transpulmonary pressure might limit injury caused by added spontaneous effort. OBJECTIVES:To test the hypothesis that, during spontaneous effort in injured lu...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201610-1972OC
更新日期:2017-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The nasal mucosal is the first site of contact with inhaled antigens. However, the nature of local immune responses and the role of nasal-associated lymphoid tissue (NALT) in those responses have rarely been studied. To characterize the cells involved in mucosally derived immune responses, NALT and Peyer's patch (PP) ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.4.97-03017
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Despite the increasing attention to the relationship between asthma and work exposures, occupational asthma remains underrecognized and its population burden underestimated. This may be due, in part, to the fact that traditional approaches to studying asthma in populations cannot adequately take into account the healt...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/rccm.200703-415PP
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is known to induce the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) in the lung and to lead to increased pulmonary nitric oxide (NO) production. The contribution of various pulmonary cells to this phenomenon remains unclear. In this study, we used gadolinium chloride, a block...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.157.5.9705040
更新日期:1998-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) show a poor response to corticosteroids. This has been linked to a reduction of histone deacetylase-2 as a result of oxidative stress and is reversed by theophylline. OBJECTIVES:To determine the role of phosphoinositide-3-kinase-delta (PI3K-δ) on the...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200906-0937OC
更新日期:2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::The severity of breathlessness at given degrees of airway obstruction varies between patients with asthma. It has been postulated that the symptoms during bronchoconstriction are determined in part by involvement of airway inflammation. We compared the severity of breathlessness at various degrees of acute airway obst...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章,随机对照试验
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.152.1.7599850
更新日期:1995-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::To determine the incidence and 90-d mortality of acute respiratory failure (ARF), acute lung injury (ALI), and the acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), we carried out an 8-wk prospective cohort study in Sweden, Denmark, and Iceland. All intensive care unit (ICU) admissions (n = 13,346) >/= 15 yr of age were ass...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.159.6.9808136
更新日期:1999-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::Exposure to fine airborne particulate matter (PM(2.5)) is associated with cardiovascular events and mortality in older and cardiac patients. Potential physiologic effects of in-vehicle, roadside, and ambient PM(2.5) were investigated in young, healthy, nonsmoking, male North Carolina Highway Patrol troopers. Nine troo...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200310-1463OC
更新日期:2004-04-15 00:00:00
abstract::Two patients receiving low dose methotrexate, one with rheumatoid arthritis and the other with pityriasis rubra pilaris, developed disseminated histoplasmosis and Mycobacterium avium intracellulare pneumonia, respectively. Twenty-three cases of opportunistic infection in patients receiving low dose methotrexate have b...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.150.1.8025760
更新日期:1994-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::Although abnormalities of alveolar fibrin turnover have been reported to play a role in the development of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), the pathophysiological relevance remains unclear. We therefore investigated the localization of tissue factor (TF) and fibrin deposition in patients with IPF using immunohisto...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.2.9608094
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:End-tidal CO2 (EtCO2) is used to monitor cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR), but it can be affected by intrathoracic airway closure. Chest compressions induce oscillations in expired CO2, and this could reflect variable degrees of airway patency. OBJECTIVES:To understand the impact of airway closure during ...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.201806-1111OC
更新日期:2019-03-15 00:00:00
abstract:RATIONALE:Chronic infection with Burkholderia cepacia complex bacteria in cystic fibrosis is associated with accelerated decline in pulmonary function and increased mortality. Clinical implications of the recently characterized genomovar VI, B. dolosa, are unknown. OBJECTIVES:Characterization of impact of B. dolosa on...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/rccm.200503-344OC
更新日期:2006-02-15 00:00:00
abstract::E-selectin, an early mediator of leukocyte-endothelial adhesion, is expressed on activated endothelium. Soluble E-selectin is present in the supernatant of cytokine-activated endothelial cells and elevated serum levels are found in a variety of inflammatory conditions. We documented elevated E-selectin serum levels in...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.156.2.9509017
更新日期:1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::We prospectively investigated the mechanism of airflow limitation before and after targeted emphysematous resection in 12 consecutively studied adult patients 68 +/- 4 yr of age (mean +/- SD) with very severe COPD undergoing bilateral thoracoscopic stapling techniques. Lung function, static lung elastic recoil, and ai...
journal_title:American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1164/ajrccm.154.4.8887590
更新日期:1996-10-01 00:00:00