Early embryonic expression of the growth hormone family protein genes in the developing rainbow trout, Oncorhynchus mykiss.

Abstract:

:In fish, growth hormone (GH), prolactin (PRL) and somatolactin (SL) are three major peptide hormones produced in the pituitary gland. Using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Southern blot analysis of the amplified products, the expression of GH, PRL, and SL genes were determined during the embryonic development in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). The mRNA for GH, PRL and SL were detected not only in embryos prior to or after organogenesis of the pituitary gland but also in mature oocytes as maternal messages. After hatching, all of these three mRNA species were detected at very high levels. Since the ontogenesis of the pituitary gland takes place on embryonic day (ED) 14, these observations suggest that the GH family protein genes are expressed in the developing embryos prior to the formation of the pituitary gland. Using the same RT-PCR assay, PRL mRNA was detected only in the head part of the fry whereas GH and SL mRNA were detected in both the head and trunk. In adult animals, though high levels of GH mRNA were primarily detected in the pituitary gland, brain, gill, and heart, low levels of GH mRNA were also detected in the kidney, liver, pyloric ceaca, and ovary. Results of the current study and those reported by Yang et al. (1997. Gen Comp Endocrinol 106:271-281) suggest that GH and SL genes are also expressed in extrapituitary tissues even after the organogenesis of the pituitary gland. Furthermore, these results suggest that these hormones may play important roles yet to be identified during embryonic development in fish.

journal_name

Mol Reprod Dev

authors

Yang BY,Greene M,Chen TT

doi

10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199906)53:2<127::AID-MRD1>

keywords:

subject

Has Abstract

pub_date

1999-06-01 00:00:00

pages

127-34

issue

2

eissn

1040-452X

issn

1098-2795

pii

10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199906)53:2<127::AID-MRD1>

journal_volume

53

pub_type

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