Abstract：
:Hexokinase is the first enzyme in the glycolytic pathway and utilizes ATP to convert glucose to glucose-6-phosphate (G6P). We previously identified three variant transcripts of Hk1 that are expressed specifically in spermatogenic cells, have different 5' untranslated regions, and encode a protein (HK1S, spermatogenic cell-specific type 1 hexokinase) in which the porin-binding domain (PBD) of HK1 is replaced by a novel N-terminal spermatogenic cell-specific region (SSR). However, the level of expression of the individual variant transcripts or of the other members of the hexokinase gene family (Hk2, Hk3, and Gck) in spermatogenic cells remains uncertain. We show that Hk1, Hk2, and Hk3 transcripts levels are quite low in spermatocytes and spermatids and Gck transcripts are relatively abundant in spermatids, but that glucokinase (GCK) is not detected in spermatozoa. Using real time RT-PCR (qPCR) with primers specific for each of the three variant forms and RNA from whole testis and isolated germ cells, we found that transcripts for Hk1_v2 and Hk1_v3, but not for Hk1_v1, are relatively high in spermatids. Similar results were seen using spermatogenic cells isolated by laser-capture microdissection (LCM). Immunoblotting studies found that HK1S is abundant in sperm, and immunostaining confirmed that HK1S is located mainly in the principal piece of the sperm flagellum, where other spermatogenic cell-specific glycolytic enzymes have been found. These results strongly suggest that HK1, HK2, HK3, and GCK are unlikely to have a role in glycolysis in sperm and that HK1S encoded by Hk1_v2 and Hk1_v3 serves this role.
journal_name
Mol Reprod Devjournal_title
Molecular reproduction and developmentauthors
Nakamura N,Shibata H,O'Brien DA,Mori C,Eddy EMdoi
10.1002/mrd.20791subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2008-04-01 00:00:00pages
632-40issue
4eissn
1040-452Xissn
1098-2795journal_volume
75pub_type
杂志文章abstract：:The murine intracisternal A particle (IAP) proviral elements are expressed at low levels in undifferentiated F9 embryonal carcinoma cells but are highly expressed when F9 cells are induced to differentiate into parietal endoderm-like cells. IAP elements are also expressed in parietal endoderm-like PYS-2 cells. We prev...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080410103
更新日期：1995-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The possibility to isolate canine mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from foetal adnexa is interesting since several canine genetic disorders are reported to resemble similar dysfunctions in humans. In this study, we successfully isolated, cytogenetically and molecularly characterized, and followed the differentiation pote...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.21311
更新日期：2011-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Cattle consuming endophyte-infected tall fescue grass have an associated reduction in circulating progesterone and reduced reproductive rates. In this study, commercially available rat microarrays were used to analyze the gene expression in luteal tissues from heifers fed endophyte-free fescue, endophyte-infected fesc...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.10395
更新日期：2004-02-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Inhibin α (Inha) gene expression is regulated, in rat granulosa cells, via a cyclic 3',5'-adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-response element (CRE) found in a region of the promoter that is homologous to the human INHA promoter. We previously found that during in vitro cytotrophoblast differentiation, human INHA gene expre...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22421
更新日期：2014-11-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Communication between the oocyte and its somatic cells has been shown to be important in oocyte development. Here we examined how the oocyte may be involved in bovine cumulus cell expansion. Intact bovine cumulus oocyte complexes (COC) were obtained by puncturing antral follicles. From the intact COC, oocytectomised c...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080420214
更新日期：1995-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Configuration of germinal vesicle (GV) chromatin has been studied and found correlated with the developmental competence of oocytes in several mammalian species. A common feature in the configuration of GV chromatin in the species studied so far is that the diffuse chromatin (the so called "NSN" pattern) condenses int...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20251
更新日期：2005-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The present study was undertaken to evaluate the effects of hyperstimulation and aging on the number and proportion of oocytes in the metaphase II stage in female Wistar rats. It explored the validity of the hypothesis that a combination of hyperstimulation with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophins (PMSG) and age could ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(200001)55:1<104::AID-MRD14
更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Demecolcine-induced enucleation (IE) of mouse oocytes has been shown to improve development to term of cloned mice. In this study, we characterized the kinetics and morphological progression of bovine oocytes subjected to IE, and evaluated their ability to support embryo development to the blastocyst stage after nucle...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20356
更新日期：2005-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The expression of both inhibin alpha- and inhibin/activin beta A-subunit mRNA was examined in equine uteroplacental tissues collected during pregnancy (days 90 to 300). Northern blot analysis revealed that 5 transcripts (7.0, 4.1, 3.4, 2.6, 1.5 kb) of beta A-subunit were present, and the most abundantly expressed tran...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199708)47:4<363::AID-MRD2>
更新日期：1997-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have examined the developmental pattern of prolactin receptor expression in the mouse by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridization, and radioligand binding and have found two unexpected aspects of temporal regulation. First, high levels of prolactin receptor mRNA were detected in mouse ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199709)48:1<45::AID-MRD6>3
更新日期：1997-09-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Activins, the dimeric polypeptides of inhibin beta-subunits, exhibit paracrine effects on cell proliferation, differentiation, and various other cell functions. The complex biological response to activin appears to involve multiple receptors. In the present study, we examined the isoform mRNA expression of both activi...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080380103
更新日期：1994-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In general, maternal age affects the quality of oocytes and embryos. The present study aimed to examine the features and age-associated gene expression profiles of bovine oocytes and embryos as well as to discover possible countermeasures against age-associated events. Comprehensive gene expression assays of germinal ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22187
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In this study, we sought to determine the mechanism of early sex reversal in a teleost by applying 4 hr feminization treatments to XY (17α-ethynylestradiol 2000 μg L(-1) ) and YY (6500 μg L(-1) ) Nile tilapia embryos on the first day post-fertilization (dpf). We then searched for changes in the expression profiles of ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22436
更新日期：2014-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Clusterin is a heterodimeric glycoprotein synthesized and secreted by rat Sertoli cells and epididymal epithelium. The goal of this study was to determine the presence of clusterin in the luminal fluid of the cauda epididymides and its association with the membranes of developing spermatozoa in the presence and absenc...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080320112
更新日期：1992-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mammalian reproductive processes involve spermatogenesis, which occurs in the testis, and fertilization, which takes place in the female genital tract. Fertilization is a successive, multistep, and extremely complicated event that usually includes sperm survival in the uterus, sperm migration through the uterotubal ju...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1002/mrd.23180
更新日期：2019-08-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This report is part of a continuing study in which we employ monoclonal antibodies to membrane domains and internal organelles of rat spermatozoa in order to trace events during maturation, capacitation, fertilization, and early development. In the present study, we have used immunocytochemistry at the light and EM le...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080370304
更新日期：1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The distribution of microtubules was studied during fertilization of the rabbit oocyte by immunofluorescence microscopy after staining with an anti-alpha-tubulin antibody. In ovulated oocytes, microtubules were found exclusively in the meiotic spindle. At fertilization, the paternal centrosome generated sperm astral m...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080320313
更新日期：1992-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In the rat, in response to blastocyst implantation, stromal cells of the endometrium proliferate and differentiate into decidual cells, forming the decidua. After reaching its maximum development, the decidua undergoes regression. This phenomenon appears to be due to an active process involving apoptosis. As there is ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20524
更新日期：2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Changes in spermatozoan ultrastructure have been studied during spermiogenesis of the slug Arion rufus (Gastropoda, Pulmonata, Stylommatophora). The ovotestis was investigated during the male stage, definite by the presence of spermatozoa. Some peculiar characteristics are shown by early spermatids: Around the nucleus...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199604)43:4<484::AID-MRD11
更新日期：1996-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have investigated the origin of the sperm motility inhibitor (SPMI) from boar seminal plasma. SPMI was measured by its capacity to inhibit the motility of demembranated spermatozoa and by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Among the various reproductive and now reproductive tissues and fluids tested, onl...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080360411
更新日期：1993-12-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199804)49:4<394::AID-MRD6>
更新日期：1998-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Dead-end1 (Dnd1) expression is restricted to the vertebrate germline where it is believed to activate translation of messenger RNAs (mRNAs) required to protect and promote that unique lineage. Nanos1 is one such germline mRNA whose translation is blocked by a secondary mRNA structure within the open reading frame (ORF...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.23062
更新日期：2018-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We have previously reported metabolic cooperation between Sertoli and peritubular myoid cells in terms of synthesis of one of the main testicular extracellular matrix (ECM) constituents, glycosaminoglycans (GAG). This study concerns Sertoli cell ECM-peritubular myoid cell interactions in terms of GAG synthesis. We hav...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080350208
更新日期：1993-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The objective of this research was to evaluate if DNA hypomethylation in cells used as karyoplasts would improve development of bovine nuclear transplantation (NT) embryos. DNA from serum-fed (SF), serum-starved (SS), and 1, or 5 microM 5-azacytidine (5-aza-CR) treated cells was digested with a methylation sensitive e...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1079
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/(SICI)1098-2795(199606)44:2<221::AID-MRD11
更新日期：1996-06-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The lack of a paternal genome in parthenogenetic embryos clearly limits their postimplantation development, but apparently not their preimplantation development, since morphologically normal blastocysts can be formed. The cleavage rate of these embryos during the preimplantation period gives a better indication of the...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080310406
更新日期：1992-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Mouse oocyte maturation inhibitory factors, on the basis of inhibitory activity of spontaneous germinal vesicle breakdown (GVBD) of denuded mouse oocytes in culture, were extracted and partially purified by reversed-phase resin adsorption and Sephadex G-100 and G-50 column chromatographies from the urine of pregnant w...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.1080340116
更新日期：1993-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:EPPIN (epididymal protease inhibitor; SPINLW1), an antimicrobial cysteine-rich protein containing both Kunitz and whey acidic protein (WAP)-type four disulfide core protease inhibitor consensus sequences, is a target for male contraception because of its critical role in sperm motility. Here, we characterized EPPIN's ...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22119
更新日期：2012-12-01 00:00:00
abstract：:We hypothesized that the testis-specific isoform of angiotensin-converting enzyme (tACE) is released during bovine sperm capacitation, and its peptidase activity is required for capacitation. Specific objectives of this study were to (i) develop an anti-tACE antibody; (ii) characterize expression of tACE in bovine tes...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.22790
更新日期：2017-05-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The process of chromatin condensation during spermiogenesis in Rana tigerina is similar to the heterochromatization in somatic cells, where 30 nm fibers are coalesced together into a dense mass in spermatozoa without changing their initial size and nucleosomal organization. This conclusion was supported by the finding...
journal_title：Molecular reproduction and development
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1002/mrd.20191
更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00
