Abstract:
:Brain metabolic DNA (BMD) is continuously synthesized by reverse transcription in presynaptic synaptosomes and astroglia, and is partly transferred to nuclei after acquiring the double stranded configuration. Synthesis and turnover of BMD are markedly dependent on brain activity, as shown by circadian oscillations, environmental enrichment and impoverishment, and a variety of learning protocols. In rodents learning a two-way active avoidance task, BMD synthesis doubles, thus raising the possibility that sequences of learning BMD may differ from control BMD. The hypothesis has now been examined by sequencing cytoplasmic BMD. The present data indicate that most high-quality mapped BMD fragments hosting more than seven sequences are present in all mice. Three of them are exclusively present in learning BMD and four in control BMD. In addition, the annotated genes closest to them are mostly involved in modulating synaptic activity. The data support the conclusion that learning BMD sequences encode brain responses to the modified environment.
journal_name
Front Mol Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in molecular neuroscienceauthors
Giuditta A,Casalino Jdoi
10.3389/fnmol.2020.00057subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2020-04-28 00:00:00pages
57issn
1662-5099journal_volume
13pub_type
杂志文章abstract::The ventrolateral hypothalamic parvafox (formerly called PV1-Foxb1) nucleus is an anatomical entity of recent discovery and unknown function. With a view to gaining an insight into its putative functional role(s), we conducted a gene-microarray analysis and, armed with the forthcoming data, controlled the results with...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00008
更新日期:2017-01-23 00:00:00
abstract::Unbiased "omics" techniques, such as next generation RNA-sequencing, can provide entirely novel insights into biological systems. However, cellular heterogeneity presents a significant barrier to analysis and interpretation of these datasets. The neurons of the dorsal root ganglia (DRG) are an important model for stud...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2014.00087
更新日期:2014-11-11 00:00:00
abstract::Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in an irreversible disability due to loss of sensorimotor function below the lesion. Presently, clinical treatments for SCI mainly include surgery, drugs and postoperative rehabilitation. The prospective roles of bioscaffolds and exosomes in several neurological diseases have been r...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00081
更新日期:2019-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::The ubiquitous metabolic intermediary and nucleoside adenosine is a "master regulator" in all living systems. Under baseline conditions adenosine kinase (ADK) is the primary enzyme for the metabolic clearance of adenosine. By regulating the availability of adenosine, ADK is a critical upstream regulator of complex hom...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2016.00099
更新日期:2016-10-20 00:00:00
abstract::Potassium chloride co-transporter 2 (KCC2), a major chloride transporter that maintains GABAA receptor inhibition in mature mammalian neurons, is down-regulated in the hippocampus during epileptogenesis. Impaired KCC2 function accelerates or facilitates seizure onset. Calpain, with two main subtypes of m- and μ-calpai...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00287
更新日期:2018-08-21 00:00:00
abstract::It is widely accepted that glutamate is the most important excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system (CNS). However, there is also a large amount of glutamate in the blood. Generally, the concentration gradient of glutamate between intraparenchymal and blood environments is stable. However, this gradie...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00400
更新日期:2017-12-05 00:00:00
abstract::The cells of the neural crest, often referred to as neural crest stem cells, give rise to a number of sub-lineages, one of which is Schwann cells, the glial cells of peripheral nerves. Crest cells transform to adult Schwann cells through the generation of two well defined intermediate stages, the Schwann cell precurso...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00069
更新日期:2019-03-26 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia plays a critical role in neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke by releasing diverse inflammatory cytokines. Long non-coding RNA taurine up-regulated gene 1 (lncRNA TUG1) is widely expressed in adult brain and has been reported to participate in multiple biological processes associated with nervous system d...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00215
更新日期:2019-09-10 00:00:00
abstract::Many human neurodegenerative diseases are associated with amyloid fibril formation. Inhibition of amyloid formation is of importance for therapeutics of the related diseases. However, the development of selective potent amyloid inhibitors remains challenging. Here based on the structures of amyloid β (Aβ) fibrils and ...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00054
更新日期:2019-03-04 00:00:00
abstract::Although second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy provides unique imaging advantages for voltage imaging and other biological applications, genetically-encoded SHG chromophores remain relatively unexplored. SHG only arises from non-centrosymmetric media, so an anisotropic arrangement of chromophores is essential to...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2014.00093
更新日期:2014-11-27 00:00:00
abstract::The phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) complex plays important roles in virtually all cells of the body. The enzymatic activity of PI3K to phosphorylate phosphoinositides in the membrane is mediated by a group of catalytic and regulatory subunits. Among those, the class I catalytic subunits, p110α, p110β, p110γ, and p11...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2014.00012
更新日期:2014-02-13 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal calcium sensor-1 (NCS-1) protein is abundantly expressed in the central nervous system and retinal neurons, where it regulates many vital processes such as synaptic transmission. It coordinates three calcium ions by EF-hands 2-4, thereby transducing Ca2+ signals to a wide range of protein targets, including G...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00459
更新日期:2018-12-14 00:00:00
abstract::The brain contains an enormous, but finite, number of neurons. The ability of this limited number of neurons to produce nearly limitless neural information over a lifetime is typically explained by combinatorial explosion; that is, by the exponential amplification of each neuron's contribution through its incorporatio...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2012.00045
更新日期:2012-04-12 00:00:00
abstract::Peroxisome proliferator activated receptors (PPARs) are nuclear hormone receptors that act as transcription factors in response to endogenous lipid messengers. The fibrates and thiazolidinediones are synthetic PPAR agonists used clinically to treat dyslipidemia and Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus, respectively, but also impr...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00331
更新日期:2018-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::Dysfunctions in hearing and balance are largely connected with hair cell (HC) loss. Although regeneration of HCs in the adult cochlea does not occur, there is still limited capacity for HC regeneration in the mammalian utricle from a distinct population of supporting cells (SCs). In response to HC damage, these Lgr5+ ...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00137
更新日期:2018-04-30 00:00:00
abstract::Parkinson's disease (PD) is a debilitating neurodegenerative disease characterized primarily by the selective death of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta of the midbrain. Although several genetic forms of PD have been identified, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying DA neuron loss i...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2013.00040
更新日期:2013-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Many genes controlling neuronal development also regulate adult neurogenesis. We investigated in vivo the effect of Sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling activation on patterning and neurogenesis of the hippocampus and behavior of Patched1 (Ptch1) heterozygous mice (Ptch1+/- ). We demonstrated for the first time, that Ptch1+...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00168
更新日期:2018-05-23 00:00:00
abstract::Mercury is a toxic metal that can be found in the environment in three different forms - elemental, organic and inorganic. Inorganic mercury has a lower liposolubility, which results in a lower organism absorption and reduced passage through the blood-brain barrier. For this reason, exposure models that use inorganic ...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00125
更新日期:2018-05-15 00:00:00
abstract::Mitochondria are key organelles in regulating the metabolic state of a cell. In the brain, mitochondrial oxidative metabolism is the prevailing mechanism for neurons to generate ATP. While it is firmly established that neuronal function is highly dependent on mitochondrial metabolism, it is less well-understood how as...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00040
更新日期:2019-02-22 00:00:00
abstract::Age-progressive neurodegenerative pathologies, including Alzheimer's disease (AD), are distinguished and diagnosed by disease-specific components of intra- or extra-cellular aggregates. Increasing evidence suggests that neuroinflammation promotes protein aggregation, and is involved in the etiology of neurological dis...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00310
更新日期:2019-12-12 00:00:00
abstract::Neurolipids are a class of bioactive lipids that are produced locally through specific biosynthetic pathways in response to extracellular stimuli. Neurolipids are important endogenous regulators of neural cell proliferation, differentiation, oxidative stress, inflammation and apoptosis. Endocannabinoids (eCBs) and lys...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2019.00223
更新日期:2019-09-19 00:00:00
abstract::A fundamental characteristic of neurons is the relationship between the architecture of the polarized neuron and synaptic transmission between neurons. Intracellular membrane trafficking is paramount to establish and maintain neuronal structure; perturbation in trafficking results in defects in neurodevelopment and ne...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2020.597391
更新日期:2020-11-26 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are characterized by a wide range of symptoms including delayed speech, intellectual disability, motor dysfunction, social deficits, breathing problems, structural abnormalities, and epilepsy. Unfortunately, current treatment strategies are limited and innovative new approaches are ...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2018.00387
更新日期:2018-10-23 00:00:00
abstract::Neuronal identity is generated by the cell-surface expression of clustered protocadherin (Pcdh) isoforms. In mice, 58 isoforms from three gene clusters, Pcdhα, Pcdhβ, and Pcdhγ, are differentially expressed in neurons. Since cis-heteromeric Pcdh oligomers on the cell surface interact homophilically with that in other ...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00114
更新日期:2017-04-24 00:00:00
abstract::Thiol groups can undergo numerous modifications, making cysteine a unique molecular switch. Cysteine plays structural and regulatory roles as part of proteins or glutathione, contributing to maintain redox homeostasis and regulate signaling within and amongst cells. Not surprisingly therefore, cysteines are associated...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00167
更新日期:2017-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::The central, lateral and basolateral amygdala (BLA) nuclei are essential for the formation of long-term memories including emotional and drug-related memories. Studying cellular and molecular mechanisms of memory in amygdala may lead to better understanding of how memory is formed and of fear and addiction-related dis...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2016.00023
更新日期:2016-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::The porcine brain closely resembles the human brain in aspects such as development and morphology. Temporal miRNA profiling in the developing embryonic porcine cortex revealed a distinct set of miRNAs, including miR-34c and miR-204, which exhibited a highly specific expression profile across the time of cortical foldi...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00031
更新日期:2017-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Long non-coding RNAs (LncRNAs) are essential epigenetic regulators with critical roles in tumor initiation and malignant progression. However, the roles and mechanisms of aberrantly expressed lncRNAs in the pathogenesis of gliomas are not fully understood. With the development of deep sequencing analyses, an extensive...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2017.00053
更新日期:2017-02-28 00:00:00
abstract::Epilepsy is a chronic brain dysfunction induced by an abnormal neuronal discharge that is caused by complicated psychopathologies. Recently, accumulating studies have revealed a close relationship between inflammation and epilepsy. Specifically, microglia and astrocytes are important inflammatory cells in the central ...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2020.554547
更新日期:2020-09-04 00:00:00
abstract::In this review we provide an overview of key in vivo experiments undertaken in the cat spinal cord in the 1950s and 1960s, and point out their contributions to our present understanding of glycine receptor (GlyR) function. Importantly, some of these discoveries were made well before an inhibitory receptor, or its agon...
journal_title:Frontiers in molecular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fnmol.2010.00013
更新日期:2010-05-21 00:00:00