Abstract:
:There is growing recognition that fast mitochondrial transport in neurons is disrupted in multiple neurological diseases and psychiatric disorders. However, a major constraint in identifying novel therapeutics based on mitochondrial transport is that the large-scale analysis of fast transport is time consuming. Here we describe methodologies for the automated analysis of fast mitochondrial transport from data acquired using a robotic microscope. We focused on addressing questions of measurement precision, speed, reliably, workflow ease, statistical processing, and presentation. We used optical flow and particle tracking algorithms, implemented in ImageJ, to measure mitochondrial movement in primary cultured cortical and hippocampal neurons. With it, we are able to generate complete descriptions of movement profiles in an automated fashion of hundreds of thousands of mitochondria with a processing time of approximately one hour. We describe the calibration of the parameters of the tracking algorithms and demonstrate that they are capable of measuring the fast transport of a single mitochondrion. We then show that the methods are capable of reliably measuring the inhibition of fast mitochondria transport induced by the disruption of microtubules with the drug nocodazole in both hippocampal and cortical neurons. This work lays the foundation for future large-scale screens designed to identify compounds that modulate mitochondrial motility.
journal_name
Front Cell Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in cellular neuroscienceauthors
Miller KE,Liu XA,Puthanveettil SVdoi
10.3389/fncel.2015.00435subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-11-03 00:00:00pages
435issn
1662-5102journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by amyloid-β (Aβ) plaques and the formation of neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs) composed of hyperphosphorylated tau. In response to Aβ and tau aggregates, microglia, the primary innate immune cells of the central nervous system (CNS), facilitate Aβ a...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.563446
更新日期:2020-09-18 00:00:00
abstract::When retrieval occurs concomitantly with novelty detection, mismatch perception or reactivation of conflicting information, consolidated memories can enter into a labile state, and to persist, must be restabilized through a protein synthesis-dependent reconsolidation process during which their strength and content can...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00383
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abstract::Thermal Fluctuations Spectroscopy (TFS) in combination with novel optical-based instrumentation was used to study mechanical properties of cell-cultured neurites with a spatial resolution limited only by the light diffraction. The analysis of thermal fluctuations together with a physical model of cellular elasticity a...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00194
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abstract::The hippocampus is one of the earliest affected brain regions in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and its dysfunction is believed to underlie the core feature of the disease-memory impairment. Given that hippocampal volume is one of the best AD biomarkers, our review focuses on distinct subfields within the hippocampus, pinpo...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00095
更新日期:2014-03-31 00:00:00
abstract::Variants near the ATP-binding cassette transporter A1 (ABCA1) gene are associated with elevated intraocular pressure and newly discovered risk factors for glaucoma. Previous studies have shown an association between ABCA1 deficiency and retinal inflammation. Using a mouse model of ischemia-reperfusion (IR) induced by ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00347
更新日期:2018-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::The dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is often seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with cognitive deficits. Selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 and 5 has already proven to be effective in reducing beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42)-mediated pathology by regulating corticotropin-r...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00432
更新日期:2019-10-02 00:00:00
abstract::Animals rely heavily on their sense of olfaction to perform various vital interactions with an ever-in-flux environment. The turbulent and combinatorial nature of air-borne odorant cues demands the employment of various coding strategies, which allow the animal to attune to its internal needs and past or present exper...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00011
更新日期:2018-01-30 00:00:00
abstract::The cerebellar cortex is remarkable for its organizational regularity, out of which task-related neural networks should emerge. In Purkinje cells, both complex and simple spike network patterns are evident in sensorimotor behavior. However, task-related patterns of activity in the granule cell layer (GCL) have been le...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/neuro.03.006.2009
更新日期:2009-07-20 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia is increasingly recognized to play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of psychiatric diseases. In particular, microglia may be the cellular link between inflammation and behavioral alterations: by releasing a number of soluble factors, among which pro-inflammatory cytokines, that can regulate synaptic activi...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00243
更新日期:2015-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research into axon-glial interactions in the nervous system has made a compelling case that glial cells have a relevant role in the metabolic support of axons, and that, in the case of myelinating cells, this role is independent of myelination itself. In this mini-review article, we summarize some of those obse...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.00148
更新日期:2020-05-29 00:00:00
abstract::It has been estimated that 20% of pregnant women suffer from depression and it is well-documented that maternal depression can have long-lasting effects on the child. Currently, common treatment for maternal depression has been the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor medications (SSRIs) which are used by 2-3% of pr...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00073
更新日期:2013-05-21 00:00:00
abstract::Rodents engage in active touch using their facial whiskers: they explore their environment by making rapid back-and-forth movements. The fast nature of whisker movements, during which whiskers often cross each other, makes it notoriously difficult to track individual whiskers of the intact whisker field. We present he...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.588445
更新日期:2020-11-17 00:00:00
abstract::Analysis of presynaptic protein expression in glutamatergic and GABAergic central synapses performed in several laboratories and with different techniques is unveiling a complex scenario, largely because each presynaptic protein exists in several isoforms. The interpretation of these findings is generally based on the...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00008
更新日期:2013-02-04 00:00:00
abstract::Tonic spiking of serotonergic neurons establishes serotonin levels in the brain. Since the first observations, slow regular spiking has been considered as a defining feature of serotonergic neurons. Recent studies, however, have revealed the heterogeneity of serotonergic neurons at multiple levels, comprising their el...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00195
更新日期:2016-08-03 00:00:00
abstract::Proper brain neuronal circuitry formation and synapse development is dependent on specific cues, either genetic or epigenetic, provided by the surrounding neural environment. Within these signals, thyroid hormones (T3 and T4) play crucial role in several steps of brain morphogenesis including proliferation of progenit...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00125
更新日期:2013-08-12 00:00:00
abstract::Genetic anomalies on the JNK pathway confer susceptibility to autism spectrum disorders, schizophrenia, and intellectual disability. The mechanism whereby a gain or loss of function in JNK signaling predisposes to these prevalent dendrite disorders, with associated motor dysfunction, remains unclear. Here we find that...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00272
更新日期:2014-09-12 00:00:00
abstract::Frontotemporal dementia (FTD) and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) are believed to represent the different outcomes of a common pathogenic mechanism. However, while researchers have intensely studied the involvement of motor neurons in the ALS/FTD syndrome, very little is known about the function of hippocampal neu...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00216
更新日期:2016-09-20 00:00:00
abstract::Propofol is a widely used anesthetic in the clinic while several studies have demonstrated that propofol exposure may cause neurotoxicity in the developing brain. However, the effects of early propofol exposure on cerebellar development are not well understood. Propofol (30 or 60 mg/kg) was administered to mice on pos...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2017.00373
更新日期:2017-11-22 00:00:00
abstract::Mutations within the FUS gene (Fused in Sarcoma) are known to cause Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS), a neurodegenerative disease affecting upper and lower motoneurons. The FUS gene codes for a multifunctional RNA/DNA-binding protein that is primarily localized in the nucleus and is involved in cellular processes s...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00290
更新日期:2016-12-26 00:00:00
abstract::To find satisfactory treatment strategies for neuropathic pain syndromes, the cellular mechanisms should be illuminated. Central sensitization is a generator of pain hypersensitivity, and is mainly reflected in neuronal hyperexcitability in pain pathway. Neuronal excitability depends on two components, the synaptic in...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00436
更新日期:2018-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::The early auditory pathway processes information at high rates and with utmost temporal fidelity. Consequently, the synapses in the auditory pathway are highly specialized to meet the extraordinary requirements on signal transmission. The calyceal synapses in the auditory brainstem feature more than a hundred active z...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00364
更新日期:2018-10-17 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00149
更新日期:2018-05-30 00:00:00
abstract::Proper transport of the Parkinson's disease (PD) protein, α-synuclein (α-syn), is thought to be crucial for its localization and function at the synapse. Previous work has shown that defects in long distance transport within narrow caliber axons occur early in PD, but how such defects contribute to PD is unknown. Here...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00540
更新日期:2020-01-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is an incurable fatal motoneuron disease with a lifetime risk of approximately 1:400. It is characterized by progressive weakness, muscle wasting, and death ensuing 3-5 years after diagnosis. Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) is a drug candidate for ALS, with e...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00464
更新日期:2015-01-20 00:00:00
abstract::In vitro approaches have suggested that neuropsin (or kallikrein 8/KLK8), which controls gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) neurotransmission through neuregulin-1 (NRG-1) and its receptor (ErbB4), is involved in neural plasticity (Tamura et al., 2012, 2013). In the present study, we examined whether parvalbumin (PV)-posit...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00420
更新日期:2014-12-10 00:00:00
abstract::Accumulation of proteins in aberrant conformation occurs in many neurodegenerative diseases. Furthermore, dysfunctions in protein handling in endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and the following ER stress have been implicated in a vast number of diseases, such as amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). During excessive ER stress...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00402
更新日期:2014-12-02 00:00:00
abstract::Neurosteroids are cholesterol-based hormones that can be produced in the brain, independent of secretion from peripheral endocrine glands, such as the gonads and adrenals. A focus in our laboratory for over 25 years has been how production of the pregnane neurosteroid, allopregnanolone, is regulated and the novel (i.e...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00106
更新日期:2014-04-09 00:00:00
abstract::Behavioral and electrophysiological studies of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other tauopathies have revealed that the onset of cognitive decline correlates better with synaptic dysfunctions than with hallmark pathologies such as extracellular amyloid-β plaques, intracellular hyperphosphorylated tau or neuronal loss. Re...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00034
更新日期:2014-02-10 00:00:00
abstract::Neurodegenerative diseases in general and specifically late-onset Alzheimer's disease (LOAD) involve a genetically complex and largely obscure ensemble of causative and risk factors accompanied by complex feedback responses. The advent of "high-throughput" transcriptome investigation technologies such as microarray an...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00089
更新日期:2014-03-27 00:00:00
abstract::The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is thought to be important for acute pain perception as well as the development of chronic pain after peripheral nerve injury. Nevertheless, how ACC neurons respond to sensory stimulation under chronic pain states is not well understood. Here, we used an in vivo two-photon imaging t...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00107
更新日期:2018-04-20 00:00:00