Abstract:
:Dyneins are a small class of molecular motors that bind to microtubules and walk toward their minus ends. They are essential for the transport and distribution of organelles, signaling complexes and cytoskeletal elements. In addition dyneins generate forces on microtubule arrays that power the beating of cilia and flagella, cell division, migration and growth cone motility. Classical approaches to the study of dynein function in axons involve the depletion of dynein, expression of mutant/truncated forms of the motor, or interference with accessory subunits. By necessity, these approaches require prolonged time periods for the expression or manipulation of cellular dynein levels. With the discovery of the ciliobrevins, a class of cell permeable small molecule inhibitors of dynein, it is now possible to acutely disrupt dynein both globally and locally. In this review, we briefly summarize recent work using ciliobrevins to inhibit dynein and discuss the insights ciliobrevins have provided about dynein function in various cell types with a focus on neurons. We temper this with a discussion of the need for studies that will elucidate the mechanism of action of ciliobrevin and as well as the need for experiments to further analyze the specificity of ciliobreviens for dynein. Although much remains to be learned about ciliobrevins, these small molecules are proving themselves to be valuable novel tools to assess the cellular functions of dynein.
journal_name
Front Cell Neuroscijournal_title
Frontiers in cellular neuroscienceauthors
Roossien DH,Miller KE,Gallo Gdoi
10.3389/fncel.2015.00252subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-07-06 00:00:00pages
252issn
1662-5102journal_volume
9pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract::The medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) receives dense noradrenergic projections from the locus coeruleus. Adrenergic innervation of mPFC pyramidal neurons plays an essential role in both physiology (control of memory formation, attention, working memory, and cognitive behavior) and pathophysiology (attention deficit hype...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2017.00341
更新日期:2017-11-02 00:00:00
abstract::The dysfunction of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis is often seen in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients with cognitive deficits. Selective inhibition of phosphodiesterase (PDE) 4 and 5 has already proven to be effective in reducing beta-amyloid 1-42 (Aβ1-42)-mediated pathology by regulating corticotropin-r...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00432
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abstract::The phase of firing of hippocampal neurons during theta oscillations encodes spatial information. Moreover, the spike phase response to synaptic inputs in individual cells depends on the expression of the hyperpolarization-activated mixed cation current (I h ), which differs between CA3 and CA1 pyramidal neurons. Here...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00263
更新日期:2013-12-25 00:00:00
abstract::Disturbances in mitochondrial biogenesis and bioenergetics, combined with neuroinflammation, play cardinal roles in the cognitive impairment during aging that is further exacerbated by transient cerebral ischemia. Both near-infrared (NIR) photobiomodulation (PBM) and Coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) administration are known to st...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00074
更新日期:2019-03-19 00:00:00
abstract::To find satisfactory treatment strategies for neuropathic pain syndromes, the cellular mechanisms should be illuminated. Central sensitization is a generator of pain hypersensitivity, and is mainly reflected in neuronal hyperexcitability in pain pathway. Neuronal excitability depends on two components, the synaptic in...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00436
更新日期:2018-11-21 00:00:00
abstract::Orexin and melanin-concentrating hormone (MCH) neurons have complementary roles in various physiological functions including energy balance and the sleep/wake cycle. in vitro electrophysiological studies investigating these cells typically use post-weaning rodents, corresponding to adolescence. However, it is unclear ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00070
更新日期:2018-03-13 00:00:00
abstract::The postnatal development of cerebellar climbing fiber (CF) to Purkinje neuron (PN) synapses is characterized by a substantial pruning during the first 3 weeks after birth, switching from multiple- to single-CF innervation. Previous studies suggested that CF maturation is governed by bidirectional changes of synaptic ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00183
更新日期:2019-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::Climbing fiber (CF) triggered complex spikes (CS) are massive depolarization bursts in the cerebellar Purkinje cell (PC), showing several high frequency spikelet components (±600 Hz). Since its early observations, the CS is known to vary in shape. In this study we describe CS waveforms, extracellularly recorded in awa...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00122
更新日期:2015-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::Recent research has revealed that uncontrolled chronic neuroinflammation is closely associated with diverse neurodegenerative diseases, by impairing blood-brain barrier (BBB) function and astrocytic reaction. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress is conventionally linked to the loss of neuronal structure and function and ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00222
更新日期:2018-07-27 00:00:00
abstract::Cellular senescence has classically been associated with aging. Intriguingly, recent studies have also unraveled key roles for senescence in embryonic development, regeneration, and reprogramming. Developmental senescence has been reported during embryonic development in different organisms and structures, such as the...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.00217
更新日期:2020-08-17 00:00:00
abstract::In this review, I present and discuss the current understanding of aberrant electrical activity found in the ganglion cell layer (GCL) of rod-degenerated (rd) mouse retinas. The reported electrophysiological properties revealed by electrical imaging using high-density microelectrode arrays can be subdivided between sp...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2016.00025
更新日期:2016-02-08 00:00:00
abstract::Studying the distribution of astrocytic antigens is particularly hard when they are localized in their fine, peripheral astrocyte processes (PAPs), since these processes often have a diameter comparable to vesicles and small organelles. The most appropriate technique is immunoelectron microscopy, which is, however, a ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00054
更新日期:2013-05-03 00:00:00
abstract::The Purkinje cell (PC) is among the most complex neurons in the brain and plays a critical role for cerebellar functioning. PCs operate as fast pacemakers modulated by synaptic inputs but can switch from simple spikes to complex bursts and, in some conditions, show bistability. In contrast to original works emphasizin...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00047
更新日期:2015-02-24 00:00:00
abstract::Abnormal accumulation of protein inclusions in motor neurons has been known as a major pathological change in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Increasing numbers of proteins including mutant Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase (SOD1) have been identified as constituents of pathological inclusions in a form of insoluble fi...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00083
更新日期:2014-03-18 00:00:00
abstract::Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a heterogeneous neurodevelopmental disorder with a high prevalence rate. The core symptoms of ASD patients are impaired social communication and repetitive behavior. Genetic and environmental factors contribute to pathophysiology of ASD. Regarding environmental risk factors, it is kno...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00422
更新日期:2018-11-20 00:00:00
abstract::Aberrant ion channel function has been heralded as a main underlying mechanism driving epilepsy and its symptoms. However, it has become increasingly clear that treatment strategies targeting voltage-gated sodium or calcium channels merely mask the symptoms of epilepsy without providing disease-modifying benefits. Ion...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00135
更新日期:2014-05-28 00:00:00
abstract::The adult hypothalamus regulates many physiological functions and homeostatic loops, including growth, feeding and reproduction. In mammals, the hypothalamus derives from the ventral diencephalon where two distinct ventricular proliferative zones have been described. Although a set of transcription factors regulating ...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00440
更新日期:2015-01-06 00:00:00
abstract::In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) subtype, the patient's brain itself is capable of repairing the damage, remyelinating the axon and recovering the neurological function. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is in close proximity with brain parenchyma and contains a host of proteins and other molecules, which infl...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2017.00209
更新日期:2017-07-18 00:00:00
abstract::Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is characterized by the progressive degeneration of the motor neurons that innervate muscle, resulting in gradual paralysis and culminating in the inability to breathe or swallow. This neuronal degeneration occurs in a spatiotemporal manner from a point of onset in the central nervo...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2020.581907
更新日期:2020-11-04 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00100
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00480
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00091
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2013.00003
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2017.00068
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abstract::Nanobodies are single domain antibodies derived from llama heavy-chain only antibodies (HCAbs). They represent a new generation of biologicals with unique properties: nanobodies show excellent tissue distribution, high temperature and pH stability, are easy to produce recombinantly and can readily be converted into di...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2014.00344
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00391
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abstract::Major depressive disorder (MDD) is a mood disorder of multifactorial origin affecting millions of people worldwide. The alarming estimated rates of prevalence and relapse make it a global public health concern. Moreover, the current setback of available antidepressants in the clinical setting is discouraging. Therefor...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2015.00268
更新日期:2015-07-10 00:00:00
abstract::Transcallosal projection neurons are a population of pyramidal excitatory neurons located in layers II/III and to a lesser extent layer V of the cortex. Their axons form the corpus callosum thereby providing an inter-hemispheric connection in the brain. While transcallosal projection neurons have been described in som...
journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2017.00036
更新日期:2017-02-21 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3389/fncel.2019.00383
更新日期:2019-08-22 00:00:00
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journal_title:Frontiers in cellular neuroscience
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3389/fncel.2018.00157
更新日期:2018-06-12 00:00:00