The ubiquitin proteasome system in glia and its role in neurodegenerative diseases.

abstract：:Mercury is a toxic metal that can be found in the environment in three different forms - elemental, organic and inorganic. Inorganic mercury has a lower liposolubility, which results in a lower organism absorption and reduced passage through the blood-brain barrier. For this reason, exposure models that use inorganic ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Teixeira FB,de Oliveira ACA,Leão LKR,Fagundes NCF,Fernandes RM,Fernandes LMP,da Silva MCF,Amado LL,Sagica FES,de Oliveira EHC,Crespo-Lopez ME,Maia CSF,Lima RR

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common type of senile dementia, characterized by neurofibrillary tangle and amyloid plaque in brain pathology. Major efforts in AD drug were devoted to the interference with the production and accumulation of amyloid-β peptide (Aβ), which plays a causal role in the pathogenesis of ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Zhao J,Liu X,Xia W,Zhang Y,Wang C

更新日期：2020-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：:The tyrosine kinase Fyn plays an important role in synaptic plasticity, learning, and memory. Here we report that Fyn is activated in response to 15 min D1 receptor (D1R) but not D2 receptor (D2R) stimulation specifically in the dorsomedial striatum (DMS) of mice but not in the other substriatal regions, the dorsolate...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Phamluong K,Darcq E,Wu S,Sakhai SA,Ron D

更新日期：2017-08-31 00:00:00

abstract：:Proteolytic processing of the Amyloid Precursor Protein (APP) produces beta-amyloid (Aβ) peptide fragments that accumulate in Alzheimer's Disease (AD), but APP may also regulate multiple aspects of neuronal development, albeit via mechanisms that are not well understood. APP is a member of a family of transmembrane gl...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Ramaker JM,Cargill RS,Swanson TL,Quirindongo H,Cassar M,Kretzschmar D,Copenhaver PF

更新日期：2016-11-25 00:00:00

abstract：:The importance of catecholamines in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) still needs to be explored. We aimed to evaluate epinephrine's (EPI) causal role and molecular mechanism for the persistence of PTSD traumatic memories. Wild-type (WT) and EPI-deficient mice (phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase-knockout mice,...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Martinho R,Oliveira A,Correia G,Marques M,Seixas R,Serrão P,Moreira-Rodrigues M

更新日期：2020-10-26 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinal cord injury (SCI) causes the death of neurons and glial cells due to the initial mechanical forces (i.e., primary injury) and through a cascade of secondary molecular events (e.g., inflammation or excitotoxicity) that exacerbate cell death. The loss of neurons and glial cells that are not replaced after the inj...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Sobrido-Cameán D,Barreiro-Iglesias A

更新日期：2018-04-03 00:00:00

abstract：:Although second harmonic generation (SHG) microscopy provides unique imaging advantages for voltage imaging and other biological applications, genetically-encoded SHG chromophores remain relatively unexplored. SHG only arises from non-centrosymmetric media, so an anisotropic arrangement of chromophores is essential to...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Jinno Y,Shoda K,Rial-Verde E,Yuste R,Miyawaki A,Tsutsui H

更新日期：2014-11-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Status epilepticus (SE, a prolonged seizure activity) leads to reactive astrogliosis and astroglial apoptosis in the regional specific manners, independent of hemodynamics. Poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP1) activity is relevant to these distinct astroglial responses. Since various regulatory signaling molecules be...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Kim JE,Kang TC

更新日期：2019-07-24 00:00:00

abstract：:Epilepsy, one of the most prevalent neurological conditions, presents as a complex disorder of network homeostasis characterized by spontaneous non-provoked seizures and associated comorbidities. Currently used antiepileptic drugs have been designed to suppress neuronal hyperexcitability and thereby to suppress epilep...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Boison D

更新日期：2016-04-13 00:00:00

abstract：:Mutations in Leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD) and, as such, LRRK2 is considered a promising therapeutic target for age-related neurodegeneration. Although the cellular functions of LRRK2 in health and disease are incompletely understood, robust evidence indicates that P...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Civiero L,Cogo S,Kiekens A,Morganti C,Tessari I,Lobbestael E,Baekelandt V,Taymans JM,Chartier-Harlin MC,Franchin C,Arrigoni G,Lewis PA,Piccoli G,Bubacco L,Cookson MR,Pinton P,Greggio E

更新日期：2017-12-14 00:00:00

abstract：:Hoxa5 is a member of the Hox gene family that plays critical roles in successive steps of the central nervous system formation during embryonic and fetal development. In the mouse, Hoxa5 was recently shown to be expressed in the medulla oblongata and the pons from fetal stages to adulthood. In these territories, Hoxa5...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Lizen B,Moens C,Mouheiche J,Sacré T,Ahn MT,Jeannotte L,Salti A,Gofflot F

更新日期：2017-11-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Neuroimaging studies have demonstrated that irritable bowel syndrome (IBS)-a relapsing functional bowel disorder-presents with disrupted brain connections. However, little is known about the alterations of interhemispheric functional connectivity and underlying structural connectivity in IBS. This study combined resti...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Qi R,Liu C,Weng Y,Xu Q,Chen L,Wang F,Zhang LJ,Lu GM

更新日期：2016-12-06 00:00:00

abstract：:Synaptic vesicle proteins 2 (SV2) were discovered in the early 80s, but the clear demonstration that SV2A is the target of efficacious anti-epileptic drugs from the racetam family stimulated efforts to improve understanding of its role in the brain. Many functions have been suggested for SV2 proteins including ions or...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Bartholome O,Van den Ackerveken P,Sánchez Gil J,de la Brassinne Bonardeaux O,Leprince P,Franzen R,Rogister B

更新日期：2017-05-22 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinal muscular atrophy (SMA) is a severe neurodegenerative disorder that occurs in early childhood. The disease is caused by the deletion/mutation of the survival motor neuron 1 (SMN1) gene resulting in progressive skeletal muscle atrophy and paralysis, due to the degeneration of spinal motor neurons (MNs). Currently...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Schellino R,Boido M,Borsello T,Vercelli A

更新日期：2018-09-04 00:00:00

abstract：:Spinal cord injury (SCI) can result in an irreversible disability due to loss of sensorimotor function below the lesion. Presently, clinical treatments for SCI mainly include surgery, drugs and postoperative rehabilitation. The prospective roles of bioscaffolds and exosomes in several neurological diseases have been r...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Wang X,Botchway BOA,Zhang Y,Yuan J,Liu X

更新日期：2019-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Neurodevelopmental disorders (NDDs) are characterized by a wide range of symptoms including delayed speech, intellectual disability, motor dysfunction, social deficits, breathing problems, structural abnormalities, and epilepsy. Unfortunately, current treatment strategies are limited and innovative new approaches are ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Fisher NM,Seto M,Lindsley CW,Niswender CM

更新日期：2018-10-23 00:00:00

abstract：:The bioactive lipid sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is an important regulator in the nervous system. Here, we explored the role of S1P and its receptors in vitro and in preclinical models of peripheral nerve regeneration. Adult sensory neurons and motor neuron-like cells were exposed to S1P in an in vitro assay, and vir...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Quarta S,Camprubí-Robles M,Schweigreiter R,Matusica D,Haberberger RV,Proia RL,Bandtlow CE,Ferrer-Montiel A,Kress M

更新日期：2017-10-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglia are the innate sentinels of the central nervous system (CNS) and are responsible for the homeostasis and immune defense of the CNS. Under the influence of the local environment and cell-cell interaction, microglia exhibit a multidimensional and context-dependent phenotypes that can be cytotoxic and neuroprot...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Siew JJ,Chern Y

更新日期：2018-05-14 00:00:00

abstract：:The brain contains an enormous, but finite, number of neurons. The ability of this limited number of neurons to produce nearly limitless neural information over a lifetime is typically explained by combinatorial explosion; that is, by the exponential amplification of each neuron's contribution through its incorporatio...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Yagi T

更新日期：2012-04-12 00:00:00

abstract：:Microglial activation and the inflammatory response in the central nervous system (CNS) play important roles in secondary damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). Transcriptional activation of genes that limit secondary damage to the CNS are mediated by a cis-acting element called the antioxidant responsive element ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Chen X,Wang H,Zhou M,Li X,Fang Z,Gao H,Li Y,Hu W

更新日期：2018-04-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Although numerous studies have indicated that chronic stress causes cognitive dysfunction with the impairment of synaptic structures and functions, the relationship between cognitive deficits induced by repeated restraint stress and the level of NMDA receptors in the subregion of the hippocampus has been relatively un...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Sun DS,Zhong G,Cao HX,Hu Y,Hong XY,Li T,Li X,Liu Q,Wang Q,Ke D,Liu GP,Ma RH,Luo DJ

更新日期：2020-10-19 00:00:00

abstract：:GABA(A) receptors are located on the majority of neurons in the central and peripheral nervous system, where they mediate important actions of the neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid. Early in development the trophic properties of GABA allow a healthy development of the nervous system. Most neurons have a high in...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Tretter V,Moss SJ

更新日期：2008-05-30 00:00:00

abstract：:The role of ion channels in neurons and muscles has been well characterized. However, recent work has demonstrated both the presence and necessity of ion channels in diverse cell types for morphological development. For example, mutations that disrupt ion channels give rise to abnormal structural development in specie...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Ozekin YH,Isner T,Bates EA

更新日期：2020-06-09 00:00:00

abstract：:The α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA)-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs) are major excitatory receptors that mediate fast neurotransmission in the mammalian brain. The surface expression of functional AMPARs is crucial for synaptic transmission and plasticity. AMPAR auxiliary subunits control ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Wei M,Jia M,Zhang J,Yu L,Zhao Y,Chen Y,Ma Y,Zhang W,Shi YS,Zhang C

更新日期：2017-03-02 00:00:00

abstract：:Cryptochromes (CRYs) are a class of flavoproteins that sense blue light. In animals, CRYs are expressed in the eyes and in the clock neurons that control sleep/wake cycles and are implied in the generation and/or entrainment of circadian rhythmicity. Moreover, CRYs are sensing magnetic fields in insects as well as in ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Schlichting M,Rieger D,Cusumano P,Grebler R,Costa R,Mazzotta GM,Helfrich-Förster C

更新日期：2018-07-18 00:00:00

abstract：:Proinsulin was first identified as the primary translation product of the insulin gene in Donald Steiner's laboratory in 1967, and was the first prohormone to be isolated and sequenced. While its role as an insulin precursor has been extensively studied in the field of endocrinology, the bioactivity of the proinsulin ...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： de Pablo F,Hernández-Sánchez C,de la Rosa EJ

更新日期：2018-11-26 00:00:00

abstract：:The low-density lipoprotein receptor-related protein 1, LRP1, interacts with APP and affects its processing. This is assumed to be mostly caused by the impact of LRP1 on APP endocytosis. More recently, also an interaction of APP and LRP1 early in the secretory pathway was reported whereat retention of LRP1 in the ER l...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Herr UM,Strecker P,Storck SE,Thomas C,Rabiej V,Junker A,Schilling S,Schmidt N,Dowds CM,Eggert S,Pietrzik CU,Kins S

更新日期：2017-04-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Non-invasive molecular imaging techniques can enhance diagnosis to achieve successful treatment, as well as reveal underlying pathogenic mechanisms in disorders such as multiple sclerosis (MS). The cooperation of advanced multimodal imaging techniques and increased knowledge of the MS disease mechanism allows both mon...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Poutiainen P,Jaronen M,Quintana FJ,Brownell AL

更新日期：2016-09-15 00:00:00

abstract：:Rod and cone phosphodiesterase 6 (PDE6) are key effector enzymes of the vertebrate phototransduction pathway. Rod PDE6 consists of two catalytic subunits PDE6α and PDE6β and two identical inhibitory PDE6γ subunits, while cone PDE6 is composed of two identical PDE6α' catalytic subunits and two identical cone-specific P...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Deng WT,Kolandaivelu S,Dinculescu A,Li J,Zhu P,Chiodo VA,Ramamurthy V,Hauswirth WW

更新日期：2018-07-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Transient global cerebral ischemia (tGCI) causes excessive release of glutamate from neurons. Astrocytic glutamate transporter-1 (GLT-1) and glutamine synthetase (GS) together play a predominant role in maintaining glutamate at normal extracellular concentrations. Though our previous studies reported the alleviation o...

journal_title：Frontiers in molecular neuroscience

authors： Li K,Zhou H,Zhan L,Shi Z,Sun W,Liu D,Liu L,Liang D,Tan Y,Xu W,Xu E

更新日期：2018-10-01 00:00:00