Abstract:
BACKGROUND:In neuroinflammatory diseases, macrophages can play a dual role in the process of tissue damage, depending on their activation status (M1 / M2). M1 macrophages are considered to exert damaging effects to neurons, whereas M2 macrophages are reported to aid regeneration and repair of neurons. Their migration within the central nervous system may be of critical importance in the final outcome of neurodegeneration in neuroinflammatory diseases e.g. multiple sclerosis (MS). To provide insight into this process, we examined the migratory capacity of human monocyte-derived M1 and M2 polarised macrophages towards chemoattractants, relevant for neuroinflammatory diseases like MS. METHODS:Primary cultures of human monocyte-derived macrophages were exposed to interferon gamma and lipopolysaccharide (LPS) to evoke proinflammatory (M1) activation or IL-4 to evoke anti-inflammatory (M2) activation. In a TAXIScan assay, migration of M0, M1 and M2 towards chemoattractants was measured and quantified. Furthermore the adhesion capacity and the expression levels of integrins as well as chemokine receptors of M0, M1 and M2 were assessed. Alterations in cell morphology were analysed using fluorescent labelling of the cytoskeleton. RESULTS:Significant differences were observed between M1 and M2 macrophages in the migration towards chemoattractants. We show that M2 macrophages migrated over longer distances towards CCL2, CCL5, CXCL10, CXCL12 and C1q compared to non-activated (M0) and M1 macrophages. No differences were observed in the adhesion of M0, M1 and M2 macrophages to multiple matrix components, nor in the expression of integrins and chemokine receptors. Significant changes were observed in the cytoskeleton organization upon stimulation with CCL2, M0, M1 and M2 macrophages adopt a spherical morphology and the cytoskeleton is rapidly rearranged. M0 and M2 macrophages are able to form filopodia, whereas M1 macrophages only adapt a spherical morphology. CONCLUSIONS:Together our results indicate that the alternative activation status of macrophages promotes their migratory properties to chemoattractants relevant for neuroinflammatory diseases like MS. Conversely, classically activated, proinflammatory macrophages have reduced migratory properties. Based on our results, we postulate that the activation status of the macrophage influences the capacity of the macrophages to rearrange their cytoskeleton. This is the first step in understanding how modulation of macrophage activation affects macrophage migration in neuroinflammatory diseases like MS.
journal_name
J Neuroinflammationjournal_title
Journal of neuroinflammationauthors
Vogel DY,Heijnen PD,Breur M,de Vries HE,Tool AT,Amor S,Dijkstra CDdoi
10.1186/1742-2094-11-23subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2014-02-01 00:00:00pages
23issn
1742-2094pii
1742-2094-11-23journal_volume
11pub_type
杂志文章abstract::We report on a serum autoantibody associated with cerebellar ataxia. Immunohistochemical studies of sera from four patients referred for autoantibody testing revealed binding of high-titer (up to 1:5,000) IgG antibodies, mainly IgG1, to the molecular layer, Purkinje cell layer, and white matter on mouse, rat, porcine,...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-014-0206-3
更新日期:2014-12-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ventral root avulsion is a proximal nerve root lesion in which ventral motor nerve rootlets are torn from surface of the spinal cord, resulting in extensive death of motoneurons. It has been previously shown that if such lesioning is performed in an animal with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-7-29
更新日期:2010-05-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:HIV-infected individuals are at an increased risk of developing neurological abnormalities. HIV induces neurotoxicity by host cellular factors and individual viral proteins. Some of these proteins including viral protein R (Vpr) promote immune activation and neuronal damage. Vpr is known to contribute to cel...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-53
更新日期:2014-03-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of disability worldwide and characteristically accompanied by downregulation of the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Activation of Wnt/β-catenin signaling emerges to attenuate neuroinflammation after ischemic stroke; however, its effect on modulating microglial polarization is larg...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1660-8
更新日期:2019-12-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID) are the second leading cause of dementia behind only Alzheimer's disease (AD); however, VCID is commonly found as a co-morbidity with sporadic AD. We have previously established a mouse model of VCID by inducing hyperhomocysteinemia in both w...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1685-z
更新日期:2019-12-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuroinflammation often develops in sepsis leading to activation of cerebral endothelium, increased permeability of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), and neutrophil infiltration. We have identified protein kinase C-delta (PKCδ) as a critical regulator of the inflammatory response and demonstrated that pharmacol...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1342-y
更新日期:2018-11-06 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interleukin-17A (IL-17A) is the founding member of a novel family of inflammatory cytokines that plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of many autoimmune diseases, including multiple sclerosis (MS) and its animal model, experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). IL-17A signals through its receptor,...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-6-14
更新日期:2009-04-28 00:00:00
abstract::Microglia are the primary immunocompetent cells in brain tissue and microglia-mediated inflammation is associated with the pathogenesis of various neuronal disorders. Recently, many studies have shown that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) display a remarkable ability to modulate inflammatory and immune responses through ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-135
更新日期:2014-08-04 00:00:00
abstract::The role of inflammation in Alzheimer's disease (AD) has been controversial since its first consideration. As with most instances of neuroinflammation, the possibility must be considered that activation of glia and cytokine networks in AD arises merely as a reaction to neurodegeneration. Active, healthy neurons produc...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-2-2
更新日期:2005-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) is an autoimmune inflammatory disease of the central nervous system that preferentially affects the optic nerves, spinal cord, and area postrema. A series of evidence suggested that B cells play a fundamental role in the pathogenesis of NMOSD. However, there are...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0961-z
更新日期:2017-09-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Noradrenaline (NA) is known to limit neuroinflammation. However, the previously described induction by NA of a chemokine involved in the progression of immune/inflammatory processes, such as chemokine (C-C motif) ligand 2 (CCL2)/monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), apparently contradicts NA anti-inflammat...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-10-81
更新日期:2013-07-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:Inflammatory reaction plays a crucial role in cerebral ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. It has been shown that activated microglia long-term existed in cerebral ischemia and induced second injury. Therefore, we hypothesize that prepared phosphatidylserine (PS)-modified microbubbles (PS-MBs) comb...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1368-1
更新日期:2018-11-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:S100A9 protein (myeloid-related protein MRP14, also referred to as calgranulin B) is a reliable marker of inflammation, an important proinflammatory factor of innate immunity and acts as an additional antimicrobial peptide in the innate immune system. Evidence indicates that S100A9 contributes to Alzheimer's...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-10-68
更新日期:2013-05-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Microglial activation and the subsequent inflammatory response in the central nervous system play important roles in secondary damage after traumatic brain injury (TBI). High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) protein, an important mediator in late inflammatory responses, interacts with transmembrane receptor for ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0917-3
更新日期:2017-07-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The glial response in multiple sclerosis (MS), especially for recruitment and differentiation of oligodendrocyte progenitor cells (OPCs), predicts the success of remyelination of MS plaques and return of function. As a central player in neuroinflammation, activation and polarization of microglia/macrophages ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1586-1
更新日期:2019-10-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Abundant reports indicated that depression was often comorbid with type 2 diabetes and even metabolic syndrome. Considering they might share common biological origins, it was tentatively attributed to the chronic cytokine-mediated inflammatory response which was induced by dysregulation of HPA axis and overa...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0985-4
更新日期:2017-10-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients diagnosed with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) or fibromyalgia experience chronic pain. Concomitantly, the rat model of CFS exhibits microglial activation in the lumbar spinal cord and pain behavior without peripheral tissue damage and/or inflammation. The present study addressed the mechanism underl...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1456-x
更新日期:2019-03-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The peripheral immune system is implicated in modulating microglial activation, neurodegeneration and disease progression in amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS). Specifically, there is reduced thymic function and regulatory T cell (Treg) number in ALS patients and mutant superoxide dismutase 1 (SOD1) mice, w...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-015-0254-3
更新日期:2015-02-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Interleukin-1 (IL-1) is a key mediator of ischaemic brain injury induced by stroke and subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH). IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) limits brain injury in experimental stroke and reduces plasma inflammatory mediators associated with poor outcome in ischaemic stroke patients. Intravenous ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究,随机对照试验
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-11-1
更新日期:2014-01-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Extracellular matrix (ECM) proteins play critical functions regulating vascular formation and function. Laminin is a major component of the vascular basal lamina, and transgenic mice deficient in astrocyte or pericyte laminin show defective blood-brain barrier (BBB) integrity, indicating an important instruc...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-017-0987-2
更新日期:2017-11-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Since HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs) occur in up to half of HIV-positive individuals, even with combined antiretroviral therapy (cART), adjunctive therapies are needed. Chronic CNS inflammation contributes to HAND and HIV encephalitis (HIVE). Baricitinib is a JAK 1/2 inhibitor approved in th...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-019-1565-6
更新日期:2019-09-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gliomas are heterogeneous in the tumor immune microenvironment (TIM). However, a classification of gliomas based on immunogenomic profiling remains lacking. METHODS:We hierarchically clustered gliomas based on the enrichment levels of 28 immune cells in the TIM in five datasets and obtained three clusters: ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-02030-w
更新日期:2020-11-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heat-shock protein B1 (HSPB1) is among the most well-known and versatile member of the evolutionarily conserved family of small heat-shock proteins. It has been implicated to serve a neuroprotective role against various neurological disorders via its modulatory activity on inflammation, yet its exact role in...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-02070-2
更新日期:2021-01-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epilepsy is a common and debilitating consequence of traumatic brain injury (TBI). Seizures contribute to progressive neurodegeneration and poor functional and psychosocial outcomes for TBI survivors, and epilepsy after TBI is often resistant to existing anti-epileptic drugs. The development of post-traumati...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12974-016-0786-1
更新日期:2017-01-13 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More than 50% of patients undergoing lifelong suppressive antiviral treatment for HIV-1 infection develop minor HIV-1-associated neurocognitive disorders. Neurological complications during HIV-1 infection are the result of direct neuronal damage by proinflammatory products released from HIV-1-infected or -un...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-9-239
更新日期:2012-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Exposure to benzo(a)pyrene (BaP) was associated with cognitive impairments and some Alzheimer's disease (AD)-like pathological changes. However, it is largely unknown whether BaP exposure participates in the disease progression of AD. OBJECTIVES:To investigate the effect of BaP exposure on AD progression an...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01925-y
更新日期:2020-08-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Bacterial meningitis is associated with high mortality and long-term neurological sequelae. Increasing the phagocytic activity of microglia could improve the resistance of the CNS against infections. We studied the influence of activin A, a member of the TGF-β family with known immunoregulatory and neuroprot...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1209-2
更新日期:2018-06-07 00:00:00
abstract::Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is an important cause of disability and mortality in the western world. While the initial injury sustained results in damage, it is the subsequent secondary cascade that is thought to be the significant determinant of subsequent outcomes. The changes associated with the secondary injury do...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/s12974-018-1066-z
更新日期:2018-01-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Atypical antipsychotic agents, such as clozapine, are used to treat schizophrenia and other psychiatric disorders by a mechanism that is believed to involve modulating the immune system. Multiple sclerosis is an immune-mediated neurological disease, and recently, clozapine was shown to reduce disease severit...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12974-020-01733-4
更新日期:2020-02-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α activator, 5,8,11,14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA), is an arachidonic acid analog. It is reported to inhibit up-regulation of pro-inflammatory genes; however, its underlying mechanism of action is largely unknown. In the present study, we focused on the ...
journal_title:Journal of neuroinflammation
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1742-2094-9-34
更新日期:2012-02-18 00:00:00