Iron supplementation in pregnancy.

abstract：BACKGROUND:This review sets out to assess the efficacy of pre-operative chemoradiation when compared to radiotherapy alone before surgery in the treatment of advanced non metastatic rectal surgery. OBJECTIVES:To determine the efficacy of pre-operative chemoradiation (CRT) compared with radiation (RT) alone, in locally...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： McCarthy K,Pearson K,Fulton R,Hewitt J

更新日期：2012-12-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The aim of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) is temporarily to replace much of the nicotine from cigarettes to reduce motivation to smoke and nicotine withdrawal symptoms, thus easing the transition from cigarette smoking to complete abstinence. OBJECTIVES:The aims of this review were:To determine the effe...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stead LF,Perera R,Bullen C,Mant D,Lancaster T

更新日期：2008-01-23 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Treatment of cancer is increasingly effective but associated with short and long term side effects. Oral side effects, including oral mucositis (mouth ulceration), remain a major source of illness despite the use of a variety of agents to treat them. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effectiveness of interventions f...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Clarkson JE,Worthington HV,Furness S,McCabe M,Khalid T,Meyer S

更新日期：2010-08-04 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many people with atopic eczema are reluctant to use the most commonly recommended treatments because they fear the long-term health effects. As a result, many turn to dietary supplements as a possible treatment approach, often with the belief that some essential ingredient is 'missing' in their diet. Various...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Bath-Hextall FJ,Jenkinson C,Humphreys R,Williams HC

更新日期：2012-02-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Transcutaneous nerve stimulation (TENS) has been proposed as a means of reducing pain in labour. The TENS unit emits low-voltage electrical impulses which vary in frequency and intensity. During labour, TENS electrodes are generally placed on the lower back, although TENS may be used to stimulate acupuncture...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Dowswell T,Bedwell C,Lavender T,Neilson JP

更新日期：2009-04-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Delivery of pain-free dentistry is crucial for reducing fear and anxiety, completion of treatment, and increasing acceptance of future dental treatment in children. Local anaesthetic (LA) facilitates this pain-free approach but it remains challenging. A number of interventions to help children cope with deli...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Monteiro J,Tanday A,Ashley PF,Parekh S,Alamri H

更新日期：2020-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The suggestion that garlic may lower blood pressure, inhibit platelet aggregation, and reduce oxidative stress has led to the hypothesis that it may have a role in preventing pre-eclampsia and its complications. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of garlic on prevention of pre-eclampsia and its complications....

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Meher S,Duley L

更新日期：2006-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Strongyloidiasis is a gut infection with Strongyloides stercoralis which is common world wide. Chronic infection usually causes a skin rash, vomiting, diarrhoea or constipation, and respiratory problems, and it can be fatal in people with immune deficiency. It may be treated with ivermectin or albendazole or...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Henriquez-Camacho C,Gotuzzo E,Echevarria J,White AC Jr,Terashima A,Samalvides F,Pérez-Molina JA,Plana MN

更新日期：2016-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chlorpromazine, formulated in the 1950s, remains a benchmark treatment for people with schizophrenia. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effects of chlorpromazine for schizophrenia in comparison with placebo. SEARCH STRATEGY:We updated previous searches of the Cochrane Schizophrenia Group Register (October 1999), ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Adams CE,Awad G,Rathbone J,Thornley B

更新日期：2007-04-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Oral 5-aminosalicylic (5-ASA) preparations were intended to avoid the adverse effects of sulfasalazine (SASP) while maintaining its therapeutic benefits. Previously, it was found that 5-ASA drugs were more effective than placebo but had a statistically significant therapeutic inferiority relative to SASP. Th...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Feagan BG,Macdonald JK

更新日期：2012-10-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Viral bronchiolitis is a common cause of respiratory failure in infants and children, and accounts for a significant portion of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions during seasonal epidemics. Currently there is no evidence to support the use of anything but supportive care for this disease. Surfactant is a p...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ventre K,Haroon M,Davison C

更新日期：2006-07-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite advances in chemotherapy, prognosis of ovarian cancer remains poor. Antigen-specific active immunotherapy aims to induce tumour-antigen-specific anti-tumour immune responses as an alternative treatment for ovarian cancer. OBJECTIVES:To assess the feasibility of antigen-specific active immunotherapy ...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Leffers N,Daemen T,Helfrich W,Boezen HM,Cohlen BJ,Melief CJ,Nijman HW

更新日期：2014-09-17 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Corticosteroids remain the mainstay of treatment in idiopathic nephrotic syndrome, including focal and segmental glomerulosclerosis (FSGS). However, only about 20% of patients with FSGS experience a partial or complete remission of nephrotic syndrome despite treatment. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of di...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Braun N,Schmutzler F,Lange C,Perna A,Remuzzi G,Risler T,Willis NS

更新日期：2008-07-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a serious bacterial infection of the middle ear that can follow untreated acute otitis media. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of different treatments for CSOM. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched Medline from 1966 to 1996 and a bibliographic collection of the Hearing Imp...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Acuin J,Smith A,Mackenzie I

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Organised stroke unit care is provided by multidisciplinary teams that exclusively manage stroke patients in a dedicated ward (stroke ward), with a mobile team (stroke team) or within a generic disability service (a mixed rehabilitation ward). OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effect...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Stroke Unit Trialists' Collaboration.

更新日期：2002-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Telephone services can provide information and support for smokers. Counselling may be provided proactively or offered reactively to callers to smoking cessation helplines. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of telephone support to help smokers quit, including proactive or reactive counselling, or the provis...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Matkin W,Ordóñez-Mena JM,Hartmann-Boyce J

更新日期：2019-05-02 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cerebral palsy occurs in up to 2.1 of every 1000 live births and encompasses a range of motor problems and movement disorders. One commonly occurring movement disorder amongst those with cerebral palsy is dystonia: sustained or intermittent involuntary muscle spasms and contractions that cause twisting, repe...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Harvey AR,Baker LB,Reddihough DS,Scheinberg A,Williams K

更新日期：2018-05-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Recombinant factor VIIa (rFVIIa) is licensed for use in patients with haemophilia and inhibitory allo-antibodies. It is also increasingly being used for off-license indications to prevent bleeding in operations where blood loss is likely to be high, and/or to stop bleeding that is proving difficult to contro...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lin Y,Stanworth S,Birchall J,Doree C,Hyde C

更新日期：2011-02-16 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:All major guidelines for antihypertensive therapy recommend weight loss; anti-obesity drugs might be a helpful option. OBJECTIVES: PRIMARY OBJECTIVES:To assess the long-term effects of pharmacologically induced reduction in body weight with orlistat, sibutramine or rimonabant on:- all cause mortality - car...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Siebenhofer A,Horvath K,Jeitler K,Berghold A,Stich AK,Matyas E,Pignitter N,Siering U

更新日期：2009-07-08 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Tinea capitis is a common contagious fungal infection of the scalp in children. Systemic therapy is required for treatment and to prevent spread. This is an update of the original Cochrane review. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of systemic antifungal drugs for tinea capitis in children. SEARCH METHODS:We...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Chen X,Jiang X,Yang M,González U,Lin X,Hua X,Xue S,Zhang M,Bennett C

更新日期：2016-05-12 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rosacea is a common skin condition affecting the face, characterised by flushing, redness, pimples, pustules and dilated blood vessels. The eyes are often also involved. The cause of rosacea is unclear. It is a chronic disease, which can be controlled in most cases with appropriate treatment. Numerous treatm...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： van Zuuren EJ,Graber MA,Hollis S,Chaudhry M,Gupta AK

更新日期：2004-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:As part of liver transplantation, immunosuppression (suppressing the host immunity) is given to prevent graft rejections resulting from the immune response of the body against transplanted organ or tissues from a different person whose tissue antigens are not compatible with those of the recipient. The optim...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Rodríguez-Perálvarez M,Guerrero-Misas M,Thorburn D,Davidson BR,Tsochatzis E,Gurusamy KS

更新日期：2017-03-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Controversy exists as to whether adjuvant chemotherapy improves survival in patients with invasive bladder cancer, despite a number of randomised controlled trials. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effect of adjuvant chemotherapy in invasive bladder cancer. We conducted a systematic review and meta-analysis of up...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Advanced Bladder Cancer (ABC) Meta-analysis Collaboration.

更新日期：2006-04-19 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Breastfeeding is known to be the biological norm. Despite this, many women wean their babies because of perceived insufficient breast milk production. Mothers are sometimes advised to increase their fluid intake in the hope that this could improve breast milk production. The effect of extra fluid on human br...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Ndikom CM,Fawole B,Ilesanmi RE

更新日期：2014-06-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Amphetamine withdrawal has been less studied although it is a common problem with a prevalent rate of 87% among amphetamine users. Its symptoms, in particular intense craving, may be a critical factor leading to relapse of amphetamine use. In clinical practice, treatment for cocaine withdrawal has been recom...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Srisurapanont M,Jarusuraisin N,Kittirattanapaiboon P

更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Spasticity is a major health problem for patients with a spinal cord injury (SCI) that limits patients' mobility and affects independence in activities of daily living and work. Spasticity may also cause pain, loss of range of motion, contractures, sleep disorders and impair ambulation in patients with an in...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Taricco M,Adone R,Pagliacci C,Telaro E

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Rarer dementias include Huntington's disease (HD), cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL), frontotemporal dementia (FTD), dementia in multiple sclerosis (MS) and progressive supranuclear palsy (PSP). Cholinesterase inhibitors, including donepezil,...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Li Y,Hai S,Zhou Y,Dong BR

更新日期：2015-03-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an update of a review that was first published in 2002. Female sterilisation is the most popular contraceptive method worldwide. Several techniques exist for interrupting the patency of fallopian tubes, including cutting and tying the tubes, damaging the tube using electric current, applying clips or...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Lawrie TA,Kulier R,Nardin JM

更新日期：2015-09-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Cystic Fibrosis is characterised by chest infection, the antibiotic treatment of which has significantly improved the outlook for people with this condition. The unusual nature of organisms that infect the chest of individuals with cystic fibrosis has restricted antibiotic choice. In particular the bacteria,...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Southern KW,Barker PM,Solis A

更新日期：2000-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:This is an update of the Cochrane review published in 2002.Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in industrialised countries. Experimental evidence has supported the hypothesis that dietary fibre may protect against the development of CRC, although epidemiologic data have been i...

journal_title：The Cochrane database of systematic reviews

authors： Yao Y,Suo T,Andersson R,Cao Y,Wang C,Lu J,Chui E

更新日期：2017-01-08 00:00:00