Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Chronic suppurative otitis media (CSOM) is a serious bacterial infection of the middle ear that can follow untreated acute otitis media. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effects of different treatments for CSOM. SEARCH STRATEGY:We searched Medline from 1966 to 1996 and a bibliographic collection of the Hearing Impairment Research Group in Liverpool, UK. We handsearched two otolaryngology journals and contacted members of an international hearing network. SELECTION CRITERIA:Randomized trials of any method of management for patients with eardrum perforation and persistent otorrhea. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS:Three reviewers independently assessed eligibility and trial quality. One reviewer extracted data. We contacted investigators for clarifications. MAIN RESULTS:Twenty-four trials involving 1660 people were included. Clinical definitions and severity of CSOM varied, methodological quality was generally low and follow-up was short. Treatment with antibiotics or antiseptics accompanied by aural toilet was more effective in resolving otorrhea than no treatment (two trials, odds ratio 0.37, 95% confidence interval 0.24 to 0. 57) or aural toilet alone (six trials, odds ratio 0.31, 95% confidence interval 0.23 to 0.43). Topical treatment with antibiotics or antiseptics was more effective than systemic antibiotics (six trials, odds ratio 0.46, 95% confidence interval 0.30 to 0.69). Combining topical and systemic antibiotics was not more effective than topical antibiotics. Topical quinolones were more effective than non-quinolones (five trials, odds ratio 0.26, 95% confidence interval 0.16 to 0.41). No difference in the effectiveness of topical antibiotics and topical antiseptics was found (three studies, odds ratio 1.34, 95% confidence interval 0.64 to 2.81). Some topical antibiotic combinations may be more effective than others in resolving otorrhea. Rates of adverse drug events were low and equal between groups. REVIEWER'S CONCLUSIONS:Treatment of CSOM with aural toilet and topical antibiotics, particularly quinolones, is effective in resolving otorrhea and eradicating bacteria from the middle ear. Longterm outcomes such as preventing recurrences, closure of tympanic perforation and hearing improvement need to be further evaluated.
journal_name
Cochrane Database Syst Revjournal_title
The Cochrane database of systematic reviewsauthors
Acuin J,Smith A,Mackenzie Idoi
10.1002/14651858.CD000473keywords:
subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2000-01-01 00:00:00pages
CD000473issue
2issn
1469-493Xpii
CD000473pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgery is a common treatment modality for stress urinary incontinence (SUI), usually offered to women for whom conservative treatments have failed. Midurethral tapes have superseded colposuspension because cure rates are comparable and recovery time is reduced. However, some women will not be cured after mi...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009407.pub3
更新日期:2019-09-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Historically, whole brain radiation therapy (WBRT) has been the main treatment for brain metastases. Stereotactic radiosurgery (SRS) delivers high-dose focused radiation and is being increasingly utilized to treat brain metastases. The benefit of adding SRS to WBRT is unclear. This is an updated version of t...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006121.pub3
更新日期:2012-09-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Routine monitoring of gastric residuals in preterm infants on gavage feeds is a common practice in many neonatal intensive care units and is used to guide the initiation and advancement of feeds. No guidelines or consensus is available on whether to re-feed or discard the aspirated gastric residuals. Althoug...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012940.pub2
更新日期:2019-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a common form of orthopaedic surgery. Venous thromboembolism (VTE), which consists of deep venous thrombosis (DVT) and pulmonary embolism (PE), is a major and potentially fatal complication after TKA. The incidence of DVT after TKA is 40% to 80% and the incidence of PE is app...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD008207.pub3
更新日期:2014-07-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Intramedullary nails may be used for the surgical fixation of extracapsular hip fractures in adults. They may be inserted from the top (cephalocondylic) or from the bottom (condylocephalic) end of the femur. OBJECTIVES:To compare different types or design modifications of intramedullary nails used in the fi...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004961.pub3
更新日期:2006-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Laetrile is an unconventional therapy which has been used illegally for decades by cancer patients who together with some alternative therapists claim its effectiveness as an anti-cancer treatment. It has been often referred to as amygdalin, although the two are not the same. OBJECTIVES:The aim of this revi...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005476.pub2
更新日期:2006-04-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Epileptic seizures occur in only a minority of patients with multiple sclerosis (MS), but can have serious consequences. The available literature suggests an association of seizures in MS with cortical and subcortical demyelinating lesions, which suggest that seizures in MS are probably most often symptomati...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007150.pub2
更新日期:2009-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Malaria causes repeated illness in children living in endemic areas. Policies of giving antimalarial drugs at regular intervals (prophylaxis or intermittent treatment) are being considered for preschool children. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate chemoprophylaxis and intermittent treatment with antimalarial drugs to p...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003756.pub2
更新日期:2005-10-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Treatment with recombinant human erythropoietin (rHu EPO) in dialysis patients has been shown to be highly effective in terms of correcting anaemia and improving quality of life. There is debate concerning the benefits of rHu EPO use in pre-dialysis patients. There is a concern that rHu EPO may accelerate th...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003266
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The operation of insertion of a hemiarthroplasty to the hip refers to replacement of the femoral head with a prosthesis, whilst retaining the natural acetabulum and acetabular cartilage. The main surgical approaches to the hip for insertion of the prosthesis can be broadly categorised as either 'anterior' vi...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001707
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:In myasthenia gravis, antibody-mediated blockade of acetylcholine receptors at the neuromuscular junction abolishes the naturally occurring 'safety factor' of synaptic transmission. Acetylcholinesterase inhibitors provide temporary symptomatic treatment of muscle weakness, but there is controversy about thei...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006986.pub2
更新日期:2011-02-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Many small, sick and premature infants are unable to coordinate sucking, swallowing and breathing, and therefore, require gavage feeding. In gavage feeding, milk feeds are delivered through a tube passed via the nose or mouth into the stomach. Intermittent bolus milk feeds may be administered using a syringe...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005249.pub2
更新日期:2012-11-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gout is one of the most frequently occurring rheumatic diseases, worldwide. Given the well-known drawbacks of the regular treatments for acute gout (non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), colchicine), systemic corticosteroids might be safe alternatives. OBJECTIVES:To assess the efficacy and safety ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005521.pub2
更新日期:2008-04-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) who require urgent initiation of dialysis but without having a permanent dialysis access have traditionally commenced haemodialysis (HD) using a central venous catheter (CVC). However, several studies have reported that urgent initiation of peritoneal dialysis (PD) ...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012899.pub2
更新日期:2021-01-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Vaginal dilation therapy is advocated after pelvic radiotherapy to prevent stenosis (abnormal narrowing of the vagina), but can be uncomfortable and psychologically distressing. OBJECTIVES:To assess the benefits and harms of different types of vaginal dilation methods offered to women treated by pelvic radi...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD007291.pub3
更新日期:2014-09-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Dentine hypersensitivity may be defined as the pain arising from exposed dentine, typically in response to external stimuli, and which cannot be explained by any other form of dental disease. Many treatment regimens have been recommended over the years, and in recent years particular attention has been focus...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001476.pub2
更新日期:2006-07-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Oxytocin is the commonest induction agent used worldwide. It has been used alone, in combination with amniotomy or following cervical ripening with other pharmacological or non-pharmacological methods. Prior to the introduction of prostaglandin agents oxytocin was used as a cervical ripening agent as well. I...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD003246
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acid etching of tooth surfaces to promote the bonding of orthodontic attachments to the enamel has been a routine procedure in orthodontic treatment since the 1960s. Various types of orthodontic etchants and etching techniques have been introduced in the past five decades. Although a large amount of informat...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD005516.pub2
更新日期:2013-11-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A large proportion of people with advanced cancer will experience moderate to severe pain. Tapentadol is a novel, centrally acting analgesic medicine acting at the μ-opioid receptor and inhibiting noradrenaline reuptake. The efficacy of tapentadol is stated to be comparable to morphine and oxycodone. OBJECT...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011460.pub2
更新日期:2015-09-25 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Injecting drug users are vulnerable to infection with HIV and other blood borne viruses as a result of collective use of injecting equipment as well as sexual behaviour. OBJECTIVES:To assess the effect of oral substitution treatment for opioid dependent injecting drug users on rates of HIV infections, and h...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004145.pub2
更新日期:2004-10-18 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Amantadine hydrochloride and rimantadine hydrochloride have antiviral properties, but they are not widely used due to a lack of knowledge of their potential value and concerns about possible adverse effects. OBJECTIVES:The objective of this review was to assess the effects and safety of amantadine and riman...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD001169
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune, T-cell-dependent, inflammatory, demyelinating disease of the central nervous system, with an unpredictable course. Current MS therapies focus on treating exacerbations, preventing new exacerbations and avoiding the progression of disability. However, at present there...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD011203.pub2
更新日期:2016-04-15 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Leg ulceration is a common, chronic, recurring condition. The estimated prevalence of leg ulcers in the UK population is 1.5 to 3 per 1000. Venous ulcers (also called stasis or varicose ulcers) comprise 80% to 85% of all leg ulcers. Electromagnetic therapy (EMT) is sometimes used as a treatment to assist the...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD002933.pub4
更新日期:2011-03-16 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Specific treatments for influenza are limited to neuraminidase inhibitors and adamantanes. Corticosteroids show evidence of benefit in sepsis and related conditions, most likely due to their anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory properties. Although commonly prescribed for severe influenza, there is uncerta...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD010406.pub3
更新日期:2019-02-24 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Motor control exercise (MCE) is used by healthcare professionals worldwide as a common treatment for low back pain (LBP). However, the effectiveness of this intervention for acute LBP remains unclear. OBJECTIVES:To evaluate the effectiveness of MCE for patients with acute non-specific LBP. SEARCH METHODS:W...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD012085
更新日期:2016-02-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Good neurologic outcome after cardiac arrest is hard to achieve. Interventions during the resuscitation phase and treatment within the first hours after the event are critical. Experimental evidence suggests that therapeutic hypothermia is beneficial, and a number of clinical studies on this subject have bee...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD004128.pub2
更新日期:2009-10-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Surgical wounds that become infected are often debrided because clinicians believe that removal of this necrotic or infected tissue will expedite wound healing. There are numerous methods available but no consensus on which one is most effective for surgical wounds. OBJECTIVES:To determine the effect of dif...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006214.pub3
更新日期:2011-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Following cataract surgery and intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, loss of accommodation or postoperative presbyopia occurs and remains a challenge. Standard monofocal IOLs correct only distance vision; patients require spectacles for near vision. Accommodative IOLs have been designed to overcome loss of ac...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009667.pub2
更新日期:2014-05-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Primary malaria prevention on a large scale depends on two vector control interventions: indoor residual spraying (IRS) and insecticide-treated mosquito nets (ITNs). Historically, IRS has reduced malaria transmission in many settings in the world, but the health effects of IRS have never been properly quanti...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD006657.pub2
更新日期:2010-04-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Cystic fibrosis (CF) is the commonest inherited life-shortening illness in white populations, caused by a mutation in the gene that codes for the cystic fibrosis transmembrane regulator protein (CFTR), which functions as a salt transporter. This mutation mainly affects the airways where excess salt absorptio...
journal_title:The Cochrane database of systematic reviews
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1002/14651858.CD009841.pub3
更新日期:2019-01-07 00:00:00