Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is treated with parenteral drugs for decades with decreasing rate cures. Miltefosine is an oral medication with anti-leishmania activity and may increase the cure rates and improve compliance. METHODOLOGY/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS:This study is a randomized, open-label, controlled clinical trial aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of miltefosine versus pentavalent antimony (Sb(v)) in the treatment of patients with CL caused by Leishmania braziliensis in Bahia, Brazil. A total of 90 patients were enrolled in the trial; 60 were assigned to receive miltefosine and 30 to receive Sb(v). Six months after treatment, in the intention-to-treat analyses, the definitive cure rate was 53.3% in the Sb(v) group and 75% in the miltefosine group (difference of 21.7%, 95% CI 0.08% to 42.7%, p = 0.04). Miltefosine was more effective than Sb(v) in the age group of 13-65 years-old compared to 2-12 years-old group (78.9% versus 45% p = 0.02; 68.2% versus 70% p = 1.0, respectively). The incidence of adverse events was similar in the Sb(v) and miltefosine groups (76.7% vs. 78.3%). Vomiting (41.7%), nausea (40%), and abdominal pain (23.3%) were significantly more frequent in the miltefosine group while arthralgias (20.7%), mialgias (20.7%) and fever (23.3%) were significantly more frequent in the Sb(v) group. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrates that miltefosine therapy is more effective than standard Sb(v) and safe for the treatment of CL caused by Leishmania braziliensis in Bahia, Brazil. TRIAL REGISTRATION:Clinicaltrials.gov Identifier NCT00600548.
journal_name
PLoS Negl Trop Disjournal_title
PLoS neglected tropical diseasesauthors
Machado PR,Ampuero J,Guimarães LH,Villasboas L,Rocha AT,Schriefer A,Sousa RS,Talhari A,Penna G,Carvalho EMdoi
10.1371/journal.pntd.0000912subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2010-12-21 00:00:00pages
e912issue
12eissn
1935-2727issn
1935-2735journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,随机对照试验abstract:BACKGROUND:Melioidosis, caused by the Gram-negative bacterium Burkholderia pseudomallei, is an emerging cause of pneumonia-derived sepsis in the tropics. The gut microbiota supports local mucosal immunity and is increasingly recognized as a protective mediator in host defenses against systemic infection. Here, we aimed...
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