Abstract:
BACKGROUND:Systematic reviews suggest that the incidence of diagnosed tuberculosis is two- to- three times higher in those with diabetes mellitus than in those without. Few studies have previously reported the association between diabetes or hyperglycaemia and the prevalence of active tuberculosis and none in a population-based study with microbiologically-defined tuberculosis. Most have instead concentrated on cases of diagnosed tuberculosis that present to health facilities. We had the opportunity to measure glycaemia alongside prevalent tuberculosis. A focus on prevalent tuberculosis enables estimation of the contribution of hyperglycaemia to the population prevalence of tuberculosis. METHODS:A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted among adults in 24 communities from Zambia and the Western Cape (WC) province of South Africa. Prevalent tuberculosis was defined by the presence of a respiratory sample that was culture positive for M. tuberculosis. Glycaemia was measured by random blood glucose (RBG) concentration. Association with prevalent tuberculosis was explored across the whole spectrum of glycaemia. RESULTS:Among 27,800 Zambian and 11,367 Western Cape participants, 4,431 (15.9%) and 1,835 (16.1%) respectively had a RBG concentration ≥7.0 mmol/L, and 405 (1.5%) and 322 (2.8%) respectively had a RBG concentration ≥11.1 mmol/L. In Zambia, the prevalence of tuberculosis was 0 · 5% (142/27,395) among individuals with RBG concentration <11.1 mmol/L and also ≥11.1 mmol/L (2/405); corresponding figures for WC were 2 · 5% (272/11,045) and 4 · 0% (13/322). There was evidence for a positive linear association between hyperglycaemia and pulmonary prevalent tuberculosis. Taking a RBG cut-off 11.1 mmol/L, a combined analysis of data from Zambian and WC communities found evidence of association between hyperglycaemia and TB (adjusted odds ratio = 2 · 15, 95% CI [1 · 17-3 · 94]). The population attributable fraction of prevalent tuberculosis to hyperglycaemia for Zambia and WC combined was 0.99% (95% CI 0 · 12%-1.85%) for hyperglycaemia with a RBG cut-off of 11.1 mmol/L. CONCLUSIONS:This study demonstrates an association between hyperglycaemia and prevalent tuberculosis in a large population-based survey in Zambia and Western Cape. However, assuming causation, this association contributes little to the prevalence of TB in these populations.
journal_name
BMC Infect Disjournal_title
BMC infectious diseasesauthors
Bailey SL,Ayles H,Beyers N,Godfrey-Faussett P,Muyoyeta M,du Toit E,Yudkin JS,Floyd Sdoi
10.1186/s12879-016-2066-1subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2016-12-05 00:00:00pages
733issue
1issn
1471-2334pii
10.1186/s12879-016-2066-1journal_volume
16pub_type
杂志文章abstract:BACKGROUND:Pneumocystis pneumonia (PCP) may develop as a clinical manifestation of nosocomial pneumonia by means of either reactivation of resident P. jirovecii or de novo infection. However, there have been no studies describing the clinical characteristics of hospital-onset PCP. METHODS:A retrospective review of med...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0847-6
更新日期:2015-02-26 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although live-attenuated varicella-zoster virus (VZV) vaccines have been proven to be safe and effective in preventing varicella and real-word evidence shows routine childhood immunization programs are effective in dramatically reducing varicella associated morbidity and mortality, varicella vaccine is not i...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2575-6
更新日期:2017-07-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pregnant women in malaria endemic areas are at high risk of P. falciparum infection and its complications. This study investigated the prevalence and risk factors for P. falciparum infection and malaria among pregnant women reporting for first antenatal care (ANC) clinic visit in the mount Cameroon area. ME...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1211-6
更新日期:2015-10-22 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:More detailed understanding of herpes zoster (HZ) is called for in the context of an increasing observed frequency of disease, and ongoing discussions regarding potential consequences of the disease. Thus, population-based data on incidence and complications of HZ are needed. METHODS:We conducted a register...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1170-y
更新日期:2015-10-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The population structure and drug resistance pattern of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MTBC) isolates in Ethiopian prisons and some communities is still unknown. METHODS:A comparative cross sectional study was conducted on 126 MTBC strains isolated from prisons and communities in southwestern, southern...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-2041-x
更新日期:2016-11-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Evaluating the completeness of tuberculosis (TB) notification data is important for monitoring of TB surveillance systems. We conducted an inventory study to calculate TB underreporting in Germany in 2013-2017. METHODS:Acquisition of two pseudonymized case-based data sources (national TB notification data a...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05467-9
更新日期:2020-10-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Antibiotic resistance has necessitated fluoroquinolone use but little is known about the selective forces and resistance trajectory in malaria-endemic settings, where selection from the antimalarial chloroquine for fluoroquinolone-resistant bacteria has been proposed. METHODS:Antimicrobial resistance was st...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-11-312
更新日期:2011-11-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Plasmodium falciparum malaria, is a major health problem in forested tribal belt of central India. Rapid and accurate methods are needed for the diagnosis of P. falciparum. We performed a blinded evaluation of the recently introduced Determine trade mark malaria pf test (Abbott, Laboratories, Japan) compared...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-1-10
更新日期:2001-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Delayed diagnosis and treatment of tuberculosis (TB) results in severe disease and a higher mortality. It also leads to an increased period of infectivity in the community. The objective of this study was to determine the length of delays, and analyze the factors affecting the delay from onset of symptoms of...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-5-112
更新日期:2005-12-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Soft tissue or skin infections due to nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) have been reported frequently and are mostly associated with trauma or cosmetic interventions like plastic surgery. However, infection with NTM as a result of a dental procedure have rarely been described and the lack of clinical suspici...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05015-5
更新日期:2020-04-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The etiology of myxomatous mitral valve degeneration (MVD) is not fully understood and may depend on time or environmental factors for which the interaction of infectious agents has not been documented. The purpose of the study is to analyze the effect of Mycoplasma pneumoniae (Mp), Chlamydophila pneumoniae ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2387-8
更新日期:2017-04-21 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Data for predicting which patients with pandemic influenza A (H1N1) infection are likely to run a complicated course are sparse. We retrospectively studied whether the admission serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels can serve as a predictor of illness severity. METHODS:Included were all consecutive adult pa...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-10-288
更新日期:2010-10-04 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Late presentation to HIV/AIDS care which is attended by problems like, poor treatment outcomes, early development of opportunistic infections, increased healthcare costs, and mortality is a major problem in Ethiopia. Although evidences are available on the prevalence and associated factors of late presenta...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,meta分析
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4156-3
更新日期:2019-06-17 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Human Rhinovirus (HRV) is responsible for the majority of common colds and is frequently accompanied by secondary bacterial infections through poorly understood mechanisms. We investigated the effects of experimental human HRV serotype 16 infection on the upper respiratory tract microbiota. METHODS:Six heal...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1081-y
更新日期:2015-08-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is believed that the current prevalence of malaria in endemic areas reflects selection for the carrier form of sickle cell trait through a survival advantage. Malaria has been incriminated as a great cause of mortality in people with sickle cell disease (SCD). However, people with SCD, a high-risk group, ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-4757-x
更新日期:2020-01-14 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) is a main cause of antibiotic-associated diarrhoea in humans. Several studies have been performed to reveal the prevalence rate of C. difficile in cats and dogs. However, little is known about the epidemiology of C. difficile in healthy pets in China. This study aimed to ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-019-3678-z
更新日期:2019-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Periodontal diseases may affect local and systemic inflammation, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. This systemic health burden could compromise the outcome of pregnancy in expectant mothers. The aim of the present study was to evaluate oxidative stress markers, including glutathione peroxidase (GPx),...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-1003-z
更新日期:2015-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:It is estimated that Lao People's Democratic Republic (Lao PDR) ranks fifth among the seven countries most affected by TB in the WHO Western Pacific Region. However, because of late implementation of mycobacterial culture, no study on resistance to anti-TB drugs had been performed yet. The objective of this ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章,多中心研究
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-13-275
更新日期:2013-06-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Chlamydia trachomatis is a pathogen of worldwide importance, causing more than 100 million cases of sexually transmitted infections annually. Whole-genome sequencing is a powerful high resolution tool that can be used to generate accurate data on bacterial population structure, phylogeography and mutations a...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-014-0591-3
更新日期:2014-11-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Diagnostic tests are generally used in situations with similar pre-test probability of disease to where they were developed. When these tests are applied in situations with very different pre-test probabilities of disease, it is informative to model the likely implications of known characteristics of test pe...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-10-93
更新日期:2010-04-12 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Syndromic surveillance is increasingly being evaluated for its potential for early warning of increased disease activity in the population. However, interpretation is hampered by the difficulty of attributing a causative pathogen. We described the temporal relationship between laboratory counts of influenza ...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-9-190
更新日期:2009-11-29 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Due to a lack of survey of health care seeking behavior for influenza, the actual magnitude of influenza in Beijing of China has not been well described. METHODS:During 2013-2014 influenza season, two cross-sectional household surveys were carried out respectively during the epidemic and non-epidemic season...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-017-2217-z
更新日期:2017-02-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Gambia is the second GAVI support-eligible country to introduce the 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7), but a country-specific cost-effectiveness analysis of the vaccine is not available. Our objective was to assess the potential impact of PCVs of different valences in The Gambia. METHODS:We syn...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/1471-2334-10-260
更新日期:2010-09-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The aim of this study was to characterize the spread of carbapenemase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae (CPKP) in a tertiary level hospital using ongoing active surveillance with rectal swab cultures. Furthermore, this study analyzed the presence of CPKP in the clinical samples (CS) of a single patient as well...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0996-7
更新日期:2015-06-27 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Brucellosis is a zoonotic disease caused by brucella. It has been an increasing trend in recent years (Wang H, Xu WM, Zhu KJ, Zhu SJ, Zhang HF, Wang J, Yang Y, Shao FY, Jiang NM, Tao ZY, Jin HY, Tang Y, Huo LL, Dong F, Li ZJ, Ding H, Liu ZG, Emerg Microbes Infect 9:889-99, 2020). Brucellosis is capable to in...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05358-z
更新日期:2020-09-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:After the onset of HAART, some HIV-infected individuals under treatment present a exacerbated inflammation in response to a latent or a previously treated opportunistic pathogen termed immune reconstitution inflammatory syndrome (IRIS). Few reports of tegumentary leishmaniasis have been described in associat...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-015-0774-6
更新日期:2015-02-03 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The World Health Organization (WHO) has endorsed the next-generation Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Ultra) cartridge, and Uganda is currently transitioning from the older generation Xpert MTB/RIF (Xpert) cartridge to Ultra as the initial diagnostic test for pulmonary tuberculosis (TB). We assessed the diagnostic accur...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05727-8
更新日期:2021-01-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Microscopic examination of peripheral blood smear produces reliable results both about the malaria infection status and level of parasitemia. However, test results are affected by skill of the laboratory personnel, workload, condition of microscopes and quality of laboratory supplies. Therefore, continuous m...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05077-5
更新日期:2020-05-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Asymptomatic screening for gonorrhoea in heterosexual men is currently not recommended in many countries including Australia, given the prevalence is relatively low in the heterosexual population. We aimed to determine the proportion of urethral gonorrhoea cases among heterosexual men attending a sexual heal...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-020-05197-y
更新日期:2020-07-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:A prospective study was performed to investigate the prevalence of colonization among ICU patients and to examine whether asymptomatic carriers were the source of subsequent C. difficile infection (CDI) and acquisition of toxigenic C. difficile. METHODS:Rectal swabs were collected from adult patients on adm...
journal_title:BMC infectious diseases
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s12879-016-1729-2
更新日期:2016-08-09 00:00:00