Abstract:
:Since the discovery of the causal association between human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer, efforts to develop an effective prophylactic vaccine to prevent high-risk HPV infections have been at the forefront of modern medical research. HPV causes 530,000 cervical cancer cases worldwide, which is the second most common cause of cancer deaths in women; a worldwide collaboration among epidemiologists, molecular biologists, vaccinologists, virologists, and clinicians helped lead to the development of two highly effective prophylactive HPV vaccines. The first, Gardasil, is a quadrivalent vaccine made up of recombinant HPV L1 capsid proteins from the two high-risk HPV types (16/18) responsible for 70% of cervical cancer cases as well as two low-risk HPV types (6/11) which are the causative agent for genital warts. The second, Cervarix, is a bivalent vaccine that was FDA approved three years after Gardasil and is also composed of L1 capsid proteins from HPV types 16/18. This review article focuses on the safety and efficacy data of both FDA-approved vaccines, as well as highlighting a few advances in future HPV vaccines that show promise in becoming additional treatment options for this worldwide disease.
journal_name
J Clin Medjournal_title
Journal of clinical medicineauthors
Kash N,Lee MA,Kollipara R,Downing C,Guidry J,Tyring SKdoi
10.3390/jcm4040614subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2015-04-03 00:00:00pages
614-33issue
4issn
2077-0383pii
jcm4040614journal_volume
4pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract:BACKGROUND:It can be hypothetically assumed that maternal and perinatal factors influence the intestinal barrier. METHODS:The study was conducted with 100 healthy, full-term newborns breastfed in the first week of life, with similar analyses for their mothers. Zonulin and calprotectin levels were used as intestinal pe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8040473
更新日期:2019-04-07 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor against programmed cell death protein-1 (PD-1) approved for therapy in metastatic melanoma. PD-1 expression is associated with a diminished functionality in HIV-1 specific-CD8+ T cells. It is thought that PD-1 blockade could contribute to reinvigorate antiviral...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8122089
更新日期:2019-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::The current study explored the differences in the effectiveness of first and second generation long-acting injections and orally administered antipsychotics in reducing the rehospitalization rate among patients with schizophrenia receiving home care services in a medical center in Southern Taiwan. Longitudinal data be...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8060823
更新日期:2019-06-09 00:00:00
abstract::The use of targeted agents and immunotherapy for the treatment of advanced non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) has made it mandatory to characterize tumor tissue for patient selection. Moreover, the development of agents that are active against specific resistance mechanisms arising during treatment make it equally imp...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/jcm8070998
更新日期:2019-07-09 00:00:00
abstract::The prognosis of multiple myeloma (MM) has improved with the introduction of novel agents. These data are largely derived from clinical trials and might not reflect real-world patient outcomes accurately. We surveyed real-world data from 284 patients newly diagnosed with MM between 2010 and 2018 in Miyazaki Prefecture...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm10010105
更新日期:2020-12-30 00:00:00
abstract::Our study aimed to clarify the neuroimaging correlates of suicide attempt by comparing differences in functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) among depressed suicide attempters, depressed patients without suicide attempt history, and healthy controls through comprehensive and novel fMRI analyses and methods in th...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8111966
更新日期:2019-11-14 00:00:00
abstract::Actinic cheilitis (AC) is one of the most frequent pathologies to affect the lips. Studies show that the most commonplace oral malignancy, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC), often emerges from AC lesions. Invasive diagnostic techniques performed on the lips carry a high risk of complications, but reflectance confocal micr...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9061987
更新日期:2020-06-25 00:00:00
abstract::Bronchiectasis and asthma may share some characteristics and some patients may have both conditions. The present study aimed to examine the rationale of prophylactic inhaled corticosteroids (ICS) prescription in children with bronchiectasis. Data of children with radiologically established bronchiectasis were retrospe...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9124009
更新日期:2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::The main risk factor for primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) is increased intraocular pressure (IOP). It is of interest that about half of the patients have an IOP within the normal range (normal-tension glaucoma, NTG). Additionally, there is a group of patients with a high IOP but no glaucomatous neurodegeneration (oc...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9092979
更新日期:2020-09-15 00:00:00
abstract::Ongoing outbreak of pneumonia caused by novel coronavirus (2019-nCoV) began in December 2019 in Wuhan, China, and the number of new patients continues to increase. Even though it began to spread to many other parts of the world, such as other Asian countries, the Americas, Europe, and the Middle East, the impact of se...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9040944
更新日期:2020-03-30 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:To investigate the short-term effects of different types of anti-glaucoma eyedrop on sclero-conjunctival vasculatures and their associations with intraocular pressure (IOP) reduction. METHODS:This was a prospective study including 20 healthy subjects. A single instillation of ripasudil or bimatoprost was in...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9124016
更新日期:2020-12-11 00:00:00
abstract::This study was conducted to determine whether overcrowding in the emergency department (ED) affects the occurrence of a return visit (RV) within 72 hours. The crowding indicator of index visit was the average number of total patients, patients under observation, and boarding patients during the first 1 and 4 hours fro...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9051406
更新日期:2020-05-09 00:00:00
abstract::Crohn's disease (CD) is characterized by compromised immune tolerance to the intestinal commensal microbiota, intestinal barrier inflammation, and hyperplasia of creeping fat (CF) and mesenteric adipose tissue (AT), which seems to be directly related to disease activity. Gut microbiota dysbiosis might be a determining...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9082448
更新日期:2020-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to evaluate the effects of ultrasound-assisted wound (UAW) debridement on cellular proliferation and dermal repair in complicated diabetic foot ulcers as compared to diabetic foot ulcers receiving surgical/sharp wound debridement. A randomized controlled trial was performed involving 51 outpatients with compl...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9124032
更新日期:2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::: Direct energy deposition (DED) technology has gained increasing attention as a new implant surface technology that replicates the porous structure of natural bones facilitating osteoblast colonization and bone ingrowth. However, concerns have arisen over osteolysis or chronic inflammation that could be caused by Cob...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9020478
更新日期:2020-02-09 00:00:00
abstract::Limb length discrepancy (LLD) is a common problem after joint-preserving hip surgeries, hip dysplasia, and hip deformities. Limping, pain, sciatica, paresthesia, and hip instability are common clinical findings and may necessitate limb-lengthening procedures. The study included five patients (two female and three male...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9124104
更新日期:2020-12-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although early identification of critical illness polyneuropathy (CIP) is necessary, the established diagnostic criteria have several limitations in the intensive care unit (ICU) setting. The purpose of this study was to define simplified diagnostic criteria of CIP that best predict clinical outcomes. METHO...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9124029
更新日期:2020-12-13 00:00:00
abstract::Preterm infants are at higher risk for both symmetrical and asymmetrical head molding. This study involved 3D stereophotogrammetry to assess the cranial growth, molding, and incidence of deformational plagiocephaly (DP) in preterm children compared to term born children. Thirty-four preterm infants and 34 term born co...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8101665
更新日期:2019-10-11 00:00:00
abstract::This study aimed to understand whether the effect of non-metastatic cells 1 (NME1) on recurrence-free survival (RFS) in early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) can be modified by β-catenin overexpression and cisplatin-based adjuvant chemotherapy. Expression levels of NME1 and β-catenin were analyzed using immun...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9103067
更新日期:2020-09-23 00:00:00
abstract::This phase II randomized controlled trial tested whether intracoronary autologous CD34+ cell therapy could further improve left ventricular (LV) systolic function in patients with diffuse coronary artery disease (CAD) with relatively preserved LV ejection fraction (defined as LVEF >40%) unsuitable for coronary interve...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9041043
更新日期:2020-04-07 00:00:00
abstract::Hyperglycemia is a common occurrence in hospitalized patients receiving parenteral and/or enteral nutrition. Although there are several approaches to manage hyperglycemia, there is no consensus on the best practice. We systematically searched PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Central, and ClinicalTrials.gov to identify records...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.3390/jcm8070935
更新日期:2019-06-28 00:00:00
abstract::Effective behavior change approaches are necessary to help individuals avoid or mitigate risk factors, engage in behavioral patterns that lead to better health, and consequently, prevent several chronic diseases. Physical inactivity is considered one of the most harmful risk factors for chronic medical conditions, and...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8030295
更新日期:2019-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aim of this study was to assess if women with a low first trimester maternal pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) level are at increased risk of emergency cesarean (EmCS) for intrapartum fetal compromise (IFC) and/or adverse neonatal outcomes. This was a retrospective cohort study performed at Mater Moth...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9041108
更新日期:2020-04-13 00:00:00
abstract::Pediatric bipolar disorder (BD) rates have notably increased over the past three decades. Given the significant morbidity and mortality associated with BD, efforts are needed to identify factors useful in earlier detection to help address this serious public health concern. Sleep is particularly important to consider ...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm3010255
更新日期:2014-03-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Residual coronary artery disease (CAD) has been associated with worsened prognosis in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) for acute coronary syndromes (ACS). The residual SYNTAX Score (rSS) aims to assess residual CAD after PCI. The association between kidney function and rSS has not...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8060810
更新日期:2019-06-06 00:00:00
abstract::We aimed to test the association between low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and cardiovascular disease (CVD), cancer, and all-cause mortality in non-statin users. A total of 347,971 subjects in Kangbuk Samsung Health Study (KSHS.57.4% men, mean follow up: 5.64 ± 3.27 years) were tested. To validate these asso...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm8101571
更新日期:2019-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have eligibility criteria for the inclusion of participants. Ideally, the RCT sample would be representative for the patient population that will use the drug under investigation. However, external validity may be at stake when applying too many or too restrictive eligibility criter...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm7080206
更新日期:2018-08-08 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:When a rescuer walks alongside a stretcher and compresses the patient's chest, the rescuer produces low-quality chest compressions. We hypothesized that a stretcher equipped with wing boards allows for better chest compressions than the conventional method. METHODS:In this prospective, randomized, crossover...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9051584
更新日期:2020-05-23 00:00:00
abstract:OBJECTIVE:Clinical presentation of patients with mitral paravalvular leakage (PVL) varies from asymptomatic to heart failure related with hemolytic anemia or pulmonary hypertension. We aimed to investigate the structural and functional characteristics of mitral PVL by multimodal imaging and their association with the s...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm10020222
更新日期:2021-01-10 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) remains an ongoing therapeutic and diagnostic challenge to date. In this study we aimed for an analysis of the diagnostic potential of four novel cardiovascular biomarkers, GDF-15, H-FABP, sST2, and suPAR in HFpEF patients compared to controls as well as...
journal_title:Journal of clinical medicine
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.3390/jcm9041130
更新日期:2020-04-15 00:00:00