Abstract:
INTRODUCTION:Mutations in BRCA1 and BRCA2 confer a high risk of breast cancer (BC), but the magnitude of this risk seems to vary according to the study and various factors. Although controversial, there are data to support the hypothesis of allelic risk heterogeneity. METHODS:We assessed variation in BC risk according to factors related to pregnancies by location of mutation in the homogeneous risk region of BRCA1 and BRCA2 in 990 women in the French study GENEPSO by using a weighted Cox regression model. RESULTS:Our results confirm the existence of the protective effect of an increasing number of full-term pregnancies (FTPs) toward BC among BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers (≥3 versus 0 FTPs: hazard ratio (HR) = 0.51, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.33 to 0.81). Additionally, the HR shows an association between incomplete pregnancies and a higher BC risk, which reached 2.39 (95% CI = 1.28 to 4.45) among women who had at least three incomplete pregnancies when compared with women with zero incomplete pregnancies. This increased risk appeared to be restricted to incomplete pregnancies occurring before the first FTP (HR = 1.77, 95% CI = 1.19 to 2.63). We defined the TMAP score (defined as the Time of Breast Mitotic Activity during Pregnancies) to take into account simultaneously the opposite effect of full-term and interrupted pregnancies. Compared with women with a TMAP score of less than 0.35, an increasing TMAP score was associated with a statistically significant increase in the risk of BC (P trend = 0.02) which reached 1.97 (95% CI = 1.19 to 3.29) for a TMAP score >0.5 (versus TMAP ≤0.35). All these results appeared to be similar in BRCA1 and BRCA2. Nevertheless, our results suggest a variation in BC risk associated with parity according to the location of the mutation in BRCA1. Indeed, parity seems to be associated with a significantly decreased risk of BC only among women with a mutation in the central region of BRCA1 (low-risk region) (≥1 versus 0 FTP: HR = 0.27, 95% CI = 0.13 to 0.55) (Pinteraction <10-3). CONCLUSIONS:Our findings show that, taking into account environmental and lifestyle modifiers, mutation position might be important for the clinical management of BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutation carriers and could also be helpful in understanding how BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes are involved in BC.
journal_name
Breast Cancer Resjournal_title
Breast cancer research : BCRauthors
Lecarpentier J,Noguès C,Mouret-Fourme E,Gauthier-Villars M,Lasset C,Fricker JP,Caron O,Stoppa-Lyonnet D,Berthet P,Faivre L,Bonadona V,Buecher B,Coupier I,Gladieff L,Gesta P,Eisinger F,Frénay M,Luporsi E,Lortholary A,doi
10.1186/bcr3218subject
Has Abstractpub_date
2012-07-03 00:00:00pages
R99issue
4eissn
1465-5411issn
1465-542Xpii
bcr3218journal_volume
14pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Homeobox (HOX) genes play key roles in embryogenesis and tissue differentiation. Recently, a number of groups have reported altered HOX gene expression in breast cancer. However, the mechanism of HOX gene regulation and the search for direct targets of its transcriptional regulatory function have been minimally fruitf...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr2600
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Array-based comparative genomic hybridization, RNA expression profiling, and proteomic analyses are new molecular technologies used to study breast cancer. Invasive breast cancers were originally evaluated because they provided ample quantities of DNA, RNA, and protein. The application of these technologies to pre-inv...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/bcr655
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:MBD2, the gene encoding methyl-CpG-binding domain (MBD)2, is a major methylation related gene and functions as a transcriptional repressor that can specifically bind to the methylated regions of other genes. MBD2 may also mediate gene activation because of its potential DNA demethylase activity. The presen...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr1283
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Cellular senescence is a terminal cell proliferation arrest that can be triggered by oncogenes. One of the traits of oncogene-induced senescence (OIS) is the so-called senescence-associated secretory phenotype or senescence secretome. Depending on the context, the non-cell autonomous effects of OIS may var...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0619-7
更新日期:2015-08-12 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Molecular apocrine (MA) tumors are estrogen receptor (ER) negative breast cancers characterized by androgen receptor (AR) expression. We analyzed a group of 58 transcriptionally defined MA tumors and proposed a new tool to identify these tumors. METHODS:We performed quantitative reverse transcription PCR ...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr3421
更新日期:2013-05-11 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The contribution of BRCA1 and BRCA2 to the incidence of male breast cancer (MBC) in the United Kingdom is not known, and the importance of these genes in the increased risk of female breast cancer associated with a family history of breast cancer in a male first-degree relative is unclear. METHODS:We have c...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr419
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Endocrine therapies target oestrogenic stimulation of breast cancer (BC) growth, but resistance remains problematic. Our aims in this study were (1) to identify genes most strongly associated with resistance to endocrine therapy by intersecting global gene transcription data from patients treated presurgic...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0447-1
更新日期:2014-10-31 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although recent models suggest that the detection of Circulating Tumor Cells (CTC) in epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EM CTC) might be related to disease progression in metastatic breast cancer (MBC) patients, current detection methods are not efficient in identifying this subpopulation of cells. Furth...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-016-0687-3
更新日期:2016-03-09 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Acquirement of resistance is always associated with a highly aggressive phenotype of tumor cells. Recent studies have revealed that Annexin A2 (Anxa2) is a key protein that links drug resistance and cancer metastasis. A high level of Anxa2 in cancer tissues is correlated to a highly aggressive phenotype. Inc...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-019-1147-7
更新日期:2019-05-22 00:00:00
abstract::Adjuvant hormonal therapy for postmenopausal women with early stage breast cancer has become far more complex over the past several years. This commentary reviews the current status of the five major trials evaluating the use of the aromatase inhibitors in the adjuvant setting. The data currently available suggest tha...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/bcr1347
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::Osteolytic metastases due to breast cancer are serious events. The interactions between breast cancer cells with the microenvironment of bone have been thought to provide an ideal milieu for cancer cells. Recent data now indicate that migration of breast cancer cells into bone and their subsequent growth into metastas...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1186/bcr1848
更新日期:2008-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:There is a growing interest in delivering more personalised, risk-based breast cancer screening protocols. This requires population-level validation of practical models that can stratify women into breast cancer risk groups. Few studies have evaluated the Gail model (NCI Breast Cancer Risk Assessment Tool) i...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-018-1084-x
更新日期:2018-12-20 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Breast tumor kinase (Brk/protein tyrosine kinase 6 (PTK6)) is a nonreceptor, soluble tyrosine kinase overexpressed in the majority of breast tumors. Previous work has placed Brk downstream of epidermal growth factor receptor (ErbB) activation and upstream of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 5 (ERK5) a...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr2622
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a subtype of highly malignant breast cancer with poor prognosis. TNBC is not amenable to endocrine therapy and often exhibit resistance to current chemotherapeutic agents, therefore, further understanding of the biological properties of these cancer cells and develop...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-014-0434-6
更新日期:2014-09-11 00:00:00
abstract::For the past 20 years the mouse has served as a workhorse for studying the molecular underpinnings of human breast cancer. While some genetically engineered mouse mammary tumor models do not accurately recapitulate human disease (that is, the MMTV-Neu model and HER2-overexpressing human cancers), additional tumor mode...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 评论,社论
doi:10.1186/bcr2569
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Metastasis is the main cause of breast cancer morbidity and mortality. Processes that allow for tumor cell migration and invasion are important therapeutic targets. Here we demonstrate that receptor-interacting protein kinase 2 (RIP2), a kinase known to be involved in inflammatory processes, also has novel...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr3629
更新日期:2014-03-19 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:MicroRNAs (miRNAs) regulate gene expression and influence cancer. Primary transcripts of miRNAs (pri-miRNAs) are poorly annotated and little is known about the role of germline variation in miRNA genes and breast cancer (BC). We sought to identify germline miRNA variants associated with BC risk and tumor sub...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-018-0964-4
更新日期:2018-06-05 00:00:00
abstract::A small proportion of breast cancers are due to a heritable predisposition. Recently, two predisposition genes, BRCA1 and BRCA2, have been identified and cloned. The morphological features of tumours from patients harbouring mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes differ from each other and from sporadic breast cancers...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/bcr10
更新日期:1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:The tamoxifen metabolite, Z-endoxifen, demonstrated promising antitumor activity in endocrine-resistant estrogen receptor-positive (ER+) breast cancer. We compared the antitumor activity of Z-endoxifen with tamoxifen and letrozole in the letrozole-sensitive MCF7 aromatase expressing model (MCF7AC1), as well ...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-020-01286-7
更新日期:2020-05-19 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Mammographic density has been established as a strong risk factor for breast cancer, primarily using digitized film mammograms. Full-field digital mammography (FFDM) is replacing film mammography, has different properties than film, and provides both raw and processed clinical display representation images...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr3372
更新日期:2013-01-04 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Fragments of collagen type I containing the epitope AHDGGR (CTX) are generated during bone resorption. The aspartyl-glycine (DG) site within CTX is synthesised in the L-aspartyl peptide (alphaL) form, but converts to the age-modified forms L-isoaspartyl peptide (betaL) and D-aspartyl peptide (alphaD) over ti...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr607
更新日期:2003-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We present a fully automated method for deriving quantitative measures of background parenchymal enhancement (BPE) from breast dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (DCE-MRI) and perform a preliminary evaluation of these measures to assess the effect of risk-reducing salpingo-oophorectomy (R...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0577-0
更新日期:2015-05-19 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Obesity has been linked to increased risk of breast cancer in postmenopausal women. Increased peripheral production of estrogens has been regarded as the main cause for this association, but other features of increased body fat mass may also play a part. Leptin is a protein produced mainly by adipose tissu...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr1603
更新日期:2006-01-01 00:00:00
abstract::The seventh annual meeting of the European Network of Breast Development and Cancer Laboratories, held in Weggis, Switzerland, in April 2015, was focused on techniques for the study of normal and cancer stem cells, cell fate decisions, cancer initiation and progression. ...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-015-0629-5
更新日期:2015-09-02 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Compromised patterns of gene expression result in genomic instability, altered patterns of gene expression and tumour formation. Specifically, aberrant DNA hypermethylation in gene promoter regions leads to gene silencing, whereas global hypomethylation events can result in chromosomal instability and onco...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr799
更新日期:2004-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:We showed in a previous study that prenylated proteins play a role in estradiol stimulation of proliferation. However, these proteins antagonize the ability of estrogen receptor (ER) alpha to stimulate estrogen response element (ERE)-dependent transcriptional activity, potentially through the formation of ...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr956
更新日期:2005-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:BACKGROUND:Although numerous studies have reported that tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome type I (TRPS1) protein, the only reported atypical GATA transcription factor, is overexpressed in various carcinomas, the underlying mechanism(s) by which it contributes to cancer remain unknown. METHODS:Both overexpression and kn...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/s13058-018-1018-7
更新日期:2018-08-02 00:00:00
abstract::The increasing importance of signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 (STAT3) expression in human cancers has led several laboratories to examine in detail the expression of one of its major negative regulators in oncogenesis--the T-cell protein tyrosine phosphatase, nonreceptor type 2 (PTPN2). A recent pape...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 评论,杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1186/bcr3437
更新日期:2013-07-31 00:00:00
abstract::A recent analysis by the Collaborative Group on Hormonal Factors in Breast Cancer has provided the most precise quantification to date of the familial risks of breast cancer. The familial relative risks are shown to decrease from more than fivefold in women younger than age 40 years with a first-degree relative aged y...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 社论
doi:10.1186/bcr448
更新日期:2002-01-01 00:00:00
abstract:INTRODUCTION:Natural herbal compounds with novel actions different from existing breast cancer (BCa) treatment modalities are attractive for improving therapeutic efficacy and safety. We have recently shown that penta-1,2,3,4,6-O-galloyl-β-D-glucose (PGG) induced S-phase arrest in prostate cancer (PCa) cells through in...
journal_title:Breast cancer research : BCR
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1186/bcr2634
更新日期:2010-01-01 00:00:00