Scaling up global health interventions: a proposed framework for success.

abstract：BACKGROUND:The identification and characterization of tumor suppressor genes has enhanced our understanding of the biology of cancer and enabled the development of new diagnostic and therapeutic modalities. Whereas in past decades, a handful of tumor suppressors have been slowly identified using techniques such as link...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Chan TA,Glockner S,Yi JM,Chen W,Van Neste L,Cope L,Herman JG,Velculescu V,Schuebel KE,Ahuja N,Baylin SB

更新日期：2008-05-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND TO THE DEBATE:The UK Medical Research Council defines complex interventions as those comprising "a number of separate elements which seem essential to the proper functioning of the interventions although the 'active ingredient' of the intervention that is effective is difficult to specify." A typical example...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Shepperd S,Lewin S,Straus S,Clarke M,Eccles MP,Fitzpatrick R,Wong G,Sheikh A

更新日期：2009-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:At the beginning of June 2020, there were nearly 7 million reported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide and over 400,000 deaths in people with COVID-19. The objective of this study was to determine associations between comorbidities listed in the Charlson comorbidity index and mortality am...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Harrison SL,Fazio-Eynullayeva E,Lane DA,Underhill P,Lip GYH

更新日期：2020-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Assessing the mortality impact of the 2009 influenza A H1N1 virus (H1N1pdm09) is essential for optimizing public health responses to future pandemics. The World Health Organization reported 18,631 laboratory-confirmed pandemic deaths, but the total pandemic mortality burden was substantially higher. We estim...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Simonsen L,Spreeuwenberg P,Lustig R,Taylor RJ,Fleming DM,Kroneman M,Van Kerkhove MD,Mounts AW,Paget WJ,GLaMOR Collaborating Teams.

更新日期：2013-11-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In recent decades, increased attention has been focused on the impact of disabilities and medicinal drug use on road safety. The aim of our study was to investigate the association between prescription medicines and the risk of road traffic crashes, and estimate the attributable fraction. METHODS AND FINDIN...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Orriols L,Delorme B,Gadegbeku B,Tricotel A,Contrand B,Laumon B,Salmi LR,Lagarde E,CESIR research group.

更新日期：2010-11-16 00:00:00

abstract：:Diarrhea morbidity and mortality remain important child health problems in low- and middle-income countries. The treatment of diarrhea and accurate measurement of treatment coverage are critical if child mortality is going to continue to decline. In this review, we examine diarrhea treatment coverage indicators collec...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Fischer Walker CL,Fontaine O,Black RE

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Introduction of pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs) of limited valency is justified in Africa by the high burden of pneumococcal disease. Long-term beneficial effects of PCVs may be countered by serotype replacement. We aimed to determine the impact of PCV-7 vaccination on pneumococcal carriage in rural G...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Roca A,Hill PC,Townend J,Egere U,Antonio M,Bojang A,Akisanya A,Litchfield T,Nsekpong DE,Oluwalana C,Howie SR,Greenwood B,Adegbola RA

更新日期：2011-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Earlier puberty is widely linked with future obesity and cardiometabolic disease. We examined whether age at puberty onset likely influences adiposity and cardiometabolic traits independent of childhood adiposity. METHODS AND FINDINGS:One-sample Mendelian randomisation (MR) analyses were conducted on up to ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Bell JA,Carslake D,Wade KH,Richmond RC,Langdon RJ,Vincent EE,Holmes MV,Timpson NJ,Davey Smith G

更新日期：2018-08-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:For more than a decade, most parts of Somalia have not been under the control of any type of government. This "failure of state" is complete in the central and southern regions and most apparent in Mogadishu, which had been for a long period in the hands of warlords deploying their private militias in a batt...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Odenwald M,Hinkel H,Schauer E,Neuner F,Schauer M,Elbert TR,Rockstroh B

更新日期：2007-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The optimal regimen for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis is controversial. Use of combination prophylaxis with a beta-lactam plus vancomycin is increasing; however, the relative risks and benefits associated with this strategy are unknown. Thus, we sought to compare postoperative outcomes following ad...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Branch-Elliman W,Ripollone JE,O'Brien WJ,Itani KMF,Schweizer ML,Perencevich E,Strymish J,Gupta K

更新日期：2017-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:In June 2016, the first phase of the Chilean Food Labelling and Advertising Law that mandated front-of-package warning labels and marketing restrictions for unhealthy foods and beverages was implemented. We assess foods and beverages reformulation after this initial implementation. METHODS AND FINDINGS:A da...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Reyes M,Smith Taillie L,Popkin B,Kanter R,Vandevijvere S,Corvalán C

更新日期：2020-07-28 00:00:00

abstract：:This month in PLOS Medicine we launched a Special Issue on New Tools and Strategies for Tuberculosis Diagnosis, Care, and Elimination. In this issue's Editorial, the Guest Editors Claudia Denkinger, Richard Chaisson, and Mark Hatherill highlight some of the research that will publish and how these studies focusing on ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hatherill M,Chaisson RE,Denkinger CM

更新日期：2019-04-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Socioeconomic adversity in early life has been hypothesized to "program" a vulnerable phenotype with exaggerated inflammatory responses, so increasing the risk of developing type 2 diabetes in adulthood. The aim of this study is to test this hypothesis by assessing the extent to which the association between...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Stringhini S,Batty GD,Bovet P,Shipley MJ,Marmot MG,Kumari M,Tabak AG,Kivimäki M

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The global tuberculosis epidemic results in nearly 2 million deaths and 9 million new cases of the disease a year. The vast majority of tuberculosis patients live in developing countries, where the diagnosis of tuberculosis relies on the identification of acid-fast bacilli on unprocessed sputum smears using ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Steingart KR,Henry M,Laal S,Hopewell PC,Ramsay A,Menzies D,Cunningham J,Weldingh K,Pai M

更新日期：2007-06-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Excessive pregnancy weight gain is associated with obesity in the offspring, but this relationship may be confounded by genetic and other shared influences. We aimed to examine the association of pregnancy weight gain with body mass index (BMI) in the offspring, using a within-family design to minimize confo...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ludwig DS,Rouse HL,Currie J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Helminth and protozoan infections affect more than 1 billion children globally. Improving water quality, sanitation, handwashing, and nutrition could be more sustainable control strategies for parasite infections than mass drug administration, while providing other quality of life benefits. METHODS AND FIND...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Pickering AJ,Njenga SM,Steinbaum L,Swarthout J,Lin A,Arnold BF,Stewart CP,Dentz HN,Mureithi M,Chieng B,Wolfe M,Mahoney R,Kihara J,Byrd K,Rao G,Meerkerk T,Cheruiyot P,Papaiakovou M,Pilotte N,Williams SA,Colford JM

更新日期：2019-06-26 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Undiagnosed and misdiagnosed tuberculosis (TB) drives the epidemic in India. Serological (antibody detection) TB tests are not recommended by any agency, but widely used in many countries, including the Indian private sector. The cost and impact of using serology compared with other diagnostic techniques is ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Dowdy DW,Steingart KR,Pai M

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Whole genome sequencing provides better delineation of transmission clusters in Mycobacterium tuberculosis than traditional methods. However, its ability to reveal individual transmission links within clusters is limited. Here, we used a 2-step approach based on Bayesian transmission reconstruction to (1) id...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Xu Y,Cancino-Muñoz I,Torres-Puente M,Villamayor LM,Borrás R,Borrás-Máñez M,Bosque M,Camarena JJ,Colomer-Roig E,Colomina J,Escribano I,Esparcia-Rodríguez O,Gil-Brusola A,Gimeno C,Gimeno-Gascón A,Gomila-Sard B,González-Gran

更新日期：2019-10-31 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Electronic medical records provide large-scale real-world clinical data for use in developing clinical decision systems. However, sophisticated methodology and analytical skills are required to handle the large-scale datasets necessary for the optimisation of prediction accuracy. Myopia is a common cause of ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Lin H,Long E,Ding X,Diao H,Chen Z,Liu R,Huang J,Cai J,Xu S,Zhang X,Wang D,Chen K,Yu T,Wu D,Zhao X,Liu Z,Wu X,Jiang Y,Yang X,Cui D,Liu W,Zheng Y,Luo L,Wang H,Chan CC,Morgan IG,He M,Liu Y

更新日期：2018-11-06 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The vast majority of medical interventions introduced into clinical development prove unsafe or ineffective. One prominent explanation for the dismal success rate is flawed preclinical research. We conducted a systematic review of preclinical research guidelines and organized recommendations according to the...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Henderson VC,Kimmelman J,Fergusson D,Grimshaw JM,Hackam DG

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Epidemiological studies have provided compelling evidence of associations between ambient temperature and cardiovascular disease. However, evidence of effects of daily temperature variability on cardiovascular disease is scarce and mixed. We aimed to examine short-term associations between temperature variab...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Tian Y,Liu H,Si Y,Cao Y,Song J,Li M,Wu Y,Wang X,Xiang X,Juan J,Chen L,Wei C,Gao P,Hu Y

更新日期：2019-01-28 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) combined with targeted biopsy (TB) is increasingly used in men with clinically suspected prostate cancer (PCa), but the long acquisition times, high costs, and inter-center/reader variability of routine multiparametric prostate MRI limit its wider adoption. METHODS AND FINDI...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Jambor I,Verho J,Ettala O,Knaapila J,Taimen P,Syvänen KT,Kiviniemi A,Kähkönen E,Perez IM,Seppänen M,Rannikko A,Oksanen O,Riikonen J,Vimpeli SM,Kauko T,Merisaari H,Kallajoki M,Mirtti T,Lamminen T,Saunavaara J,Arone

更新日期：2019-06-03 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Average profiles of salivary progesterone in women vary significantly at the inter- and intrapopulation level as a function of age and acute energetic conditions related to energy intake, energy expenditure, or a combination of both. In addition to acute stressors, baseline progesterone levels differ among p...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Núñez-de la Mora A,Chatterton RT,Choudhury OA,Napolitano DA,Bentley GR

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Christian Lienhardt and co-authors discuss the conclusions of the PLOS Medicine Collection on advances in clinical trial design for development of new tuberculosis treatments. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Lienhardt C,Nunn A,Chaisson R,Vernon AA,Zignol M,Nahid P,Delaporte E,Kasaeva T

更新日期：2020-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Many mathematical models have investigated the impact of expanding access to antiretroviral therapy (ART) on new HIV infections. Comparing results and conclusions across models is challenging because models have addressed slightly different questions and have reported different outcome metrics. This study co...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Eaton JW,Johnson LF,Salomon JA,Bärnighausen T,Bendavid E,Bershteyn A,Bloom DE,Cambiano V,Fraser C,Hontelez JA,Humair S,Klein DJ,Long EF,Phillips AN,Pretorius C,Stover J,Wenger EA,Williams BG,Hallett TB

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Various risk factors have been associated with epithelial ovarian cancer risk in observational epidemiological studies. However, the causal nature of the risk factors reported, and thus their suitability as effective intervention targets, is unclear given the susceptibility of conventional observational desi...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Yarmolinsky J,Relton CL,Lophatananon A,Muir K,Menon U,Gentry-Maharaj A,Walther A,Zheng J,Fasching P,Zheng W,Yin Ling W,Park SK,Kim BG,Choi JY,Park B,Davey Smith G,Martin RM,Lewis SJ

更新日期：2019-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Although the involvement of intra-tumor genetic heterogeneity in tumor progression, treatment resistance, and metastasis is established, genetic heterogeneity is seldom examined in clinical trials or practice. Many studies of heterogeneity have had prespecified markers for tumor subpopulations, limiting thei...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Mroz EA,Tward AD,Hammon RJ,Ren Y,Rocco JW

更新日期：2015-02-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Skin atrophy is a common manifestation of aging and is frequently accompanied by ulceration and delayed wound healing. With an increasingly aging patient population, management of skin atrophy is becoming a major challenge in the clinic, particularly in light of the fact that there are no effective therapeut...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Kaya G,Tran C,Sorg O,Hotz R,Grand D,Carraux P,Didierjean L,Stamenkovic I,Saurat JH

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:While many individual genes have been identified that confer protection against malaria, the overall impact of host genetics on malarial risk remains unknown. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We have used pedigree-based genetic variance component analysis to determine the relative contributions of genetic and other fac...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Mackinnon MJ,Mwangi TW,Snow RW,Marsh K,Williams TN

更新日期：2005-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:agricultural pesticide poisoning is a major public health problem in the developing world, killing at least 250,000-370,000 people each year. Targeted pesticide restrictions in Sri Lanka over the last 20 years have reduced pesticide deaths by 50% without decreasing agricultural output. However, regulatory de...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Dawson AH,Eddleston M,Senarathna L,Mohamed F,Gawarammana I,Bowe SJ,Manuweera G,Buckley NA

更新日期：2010-10-26 00:00:00