Can we systematically review studies that evaluate complex interventions?

abstract：BACKGROUND:The relationship between population trends in delaying childbirth and rising rates of primary cesarean delivery is unclear. The aims of the present study were (1) to characterize the association between maternal age and the outcome of labor, (2) to determine the proportion of the increase in primary cesarean...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Smith GC,Cordeaux Y,White IR,Pasupathy D,Missfelder-Lobos H,Pell JP,Charnock-Jones DS,Fleming M

更新日期：2008-07-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Thomas Platts-Mills and Matthew Perzanowski provide their expert Perspective on a translational study from Custovic and colleagues that identifies pairings of IgE that show value in estimating risk of concurrent asthma. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Platts-Mills TAE,Perzanowski M

更新日期：2018-11-20 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Animal studies suggest vital roles of sphingolipids, especially ceramides, in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes (T2D) via pathways involved in insulin resistance, β-cell dysfunction, and inflammation, but human studies are limited. We aimed to evaluate the associations of circulating sphingolipids with inc...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Yun H,Sun L,Wu Q,Zong G,Qi Q,Li H,Zheng H,Zeng R,Liang L,Lin X

更新日期：2020-12-09 00:00:00

abstract：:Christian Lienhardt and co-authors discuss the conclusions of the PLOS Medicine Collection on advances in clinical trial design for development of new tuberculosis treatments. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Lienhardt C,Nunn A,Chaisson R,Vernon AA,Zignol M,Nahid P,Delaporte E,Kasaeva T

更新日期：2020-02-27 00:00:00

abstract：:H. Bart van der Worp and colleagues discuss the controversies and possibilities of translating the results of animal experiments into human clinical trials. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： van der Worp HB,Howells DW,Sena ES,Porritt MJ,Rewell S,O'Collins V,Macleod MR

更新日期：2010-03-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Growing prevalence of atrial fibrillation (AF) in the ageing population and its associated life-changing health and resource implications have led to a need to improve its early detection. Primary care is an ideal place to screen for AF; however, this is limited by shortages in general practitioner (GP) reso...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Savickas V,Stewart AJ,Rees-Roberts M,Short V,Bhamra SK,Corlett SA,Mathie A,Veale EL

更新日期：2020-07-17 00:00:00

abstract：:Matthew Fox and Sydney Rosen discuss a cascade of HIV care adapted to WHO-recommended antiretroviral therapy irrespective of CD4 cell count. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Fox MP,Rosen S

更新日期：2017-04-11 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Excessive pregnancy weight gain is associated with obesity in the offspring, but this relationship may be confounded by genetic and other shared influences. We aimed to examine the association of pregnancy weight gain with body mass index (BMI) in the offspring, using a within-family design to minimize confo...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Ludwig DS,Rouse HL,Currie J

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Drug manufacturers have developed "evergreening" strategies to compete with generic medication after patent termination. These include marketing of slightly modified follow-on drugs. We aimed to estimate the financial impact of these drugs on overall healthcare costs and also to examine the impact of listing...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Vernaz N,Haller G,Girardin F,Huttner B,Combescure C,Dayer P,Muscionico D,Salomon JL,Bonnabry P

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：:The PLoS Medicine Editors discuss the link between shift work, diet, and type 2 diabetes, and argue that unhealthy eating should be considered a new form of occupational hazard. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： PLoS Medicine Editors.

更新日期：2011-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The optimal regimen for perioperative antimicrobial prophylaxis is controversial. Use of combination prophylaxis with a beta-lactam plus vancomycin is increasing; however, the relative risks and benefits associated with this strategy are unknown. Thus, we sought to compare postoperative outcomes following ad...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Branch-Elliman W,Ripollone JE,O'Brien WJ,Itani KMF,Schweizer ML,Perencevich E,Strymish J,Gupta K

更新日期：2017-07-10 00:00:00

abstract：:Results from several observational studies of HIV-discordant couples and a randomized controlled trial (HIV Prevention Trials Network 052) show that antiretroviral therapy (ART) can greatly reduce heterosexual HIV transmission in stable HIV-discordant couples. However, such data do not prove that ART will reduce HIV i...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Smith MK,Powers KA,Muessig KE,Miller WC,Cohen MS

更新日期：2012-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Historically, the main focus of studies of childhood mortality has been the infant and under-five mortality rates. Neonatal mortality (deaths <28 days of age) has received limited attention, although such deaths account for about 41% of all child deaths. To better assess progress, we developed annual estimat...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Oestergaard MZ,Inoue M,Yoshida S,Mahanani WR,Gore FM,Cousens S,Lawn JE,Mathers CD,United Nations Inter-Agency Group for Child Mortality Estimation and the Child Health Epidemiology Reference Group.

更新日期：2011-08-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:At the beginning of June 2020, there were nearly 7 million reported cases of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) worldwide and over 400,000 deaths in people with COVID-19. The objective of this study was to determine associations between comorbidities listed in the Charlson comorbidity index and mortality am...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Harrison SL,Fazio-Eynullayeva E,Lane DA,Underhill P,Lip GYH

更新日期：2020-09-10 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Various risk factors have been associated with epithelial ovarian cancer risk in observational epidemiological studies. However, the causal nature of the risk factors reported, and thus their suitability as effective intervention targets, is unclear given the susceptibility of conventional observational desi...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Yarmolinsky J,Relton CL,Lophatananon A,Muir K,Menon U,Gentry-Maharaj A,Walther A,Zheng J,Fasching P,Zheng W,Yin Ling W,Park SK,Kim BG,Choi JY,Park B,Davey Smith G,Martin RM,Lewis SJ

更新日期：2019-08-07 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND TO THE DEBATE:Umbilical cord blood--the blood that remains in the placenta after birth--can be collected and stored frozen for years. A well-accepted use of cord blood is as an alternative to bone marrow as a source of hematopoietic stem cells for allogeneic transplantation to siblings or to unrelated recipi...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Fisk NM,Roberts IA,Markwald R,Mironov V

更新日期：2005-02-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Prescription opioid misuse has become a leading cause of unintentional injury and death among adolescents and young adults in the United States. However, there is limited information on how adolescents and young adults obtain prescription opioids. There are also inadequate recent data on the prevalence of ad...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hudgins JD,Porter JJ,Monuteaux MC,Bourgeois FT

更新日期：2019-11-05 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Previous estimates of mortality in Iraq attributable to the 2003 invasion have been heterogeneous and controversial, and none were produced after 2006. The purpose of this research was to estimate direct and indirect deaths attributable to the war in Iraq between 2003 and 2011. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We condu...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hagopian A,Flaxman AD,Takaro TK,Esa Al Shatari SA,Rajaratnam J,Becker S,Levin-Rector A,Galway L,Hadi Al-Yasseri BJ,Weiss WM,Murray CJ,Burnham G

更新日期：2013-10-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Antimalarial drugs will be essential tools at all stages of malaria elimination along the path towards eradication, including the early control or "attack" phase to drive down transmission and the later stages of maintaining interruption of transmission, preventing reintroduction of malaria, and eliminating the last r...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： malERA Consultative Group on Drugs.

更新日期：2011-01-25 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Average profiles of salivary progesterone in women vary significantly at the inter- and intrapopulation level as a function of age and acute energetic conditions related to energy intake, energy expenditure, or a combination of both. In addition to acute stressors, baseline progesterone levels differ among p...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Núñez-de la Mora A,Chatterton RT,Choudhury OA,Napolitano DA,Bentley GR

更新日期：2007-05-01 00:00:00

abstract：:Kevin Outterson and colleagues outline a model to address access, conservation, and innovation of antibiotics. ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Outterson K,Gopinathan U,Clift C,So AD,Morel CM,Røttingen JA

更新日期：2016-06-14 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hip and knee replacement are some of the most frequently performed surgical procedures in the world. Resurfacing of the hip and unicondylar knee replacement are increasingly being used. There is relatively little evidence on their performance. To study performance of joint replacement in England, we investig...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Sibanda N,Copley LP,Lewsey JD,Borroff M,Gregg P,MacGregor AJ,Pickford M,Porter M,Tucker K,van der Meulen JH,Steering Committee of the National Joint Registry (NJR) for England and Wales.

更新日期：2008-09-30 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The epidemiology of malaria makes surveillance-based methods of estimating its disease burden problematic. Cartographic approaches have provided alternative malaria burden estimates, but there remains widespread misunderstanding about their derivation and fidelity. The aims of this study are to present a new...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Hay SI,Okiro EA,Gething PW,Patil AP,Tatem AJ,Guerra CA,Snow RW

更新日期：2010-06-15 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Despite repeated outbreaks, in particular the devastating 2014-2016 epidemic, there is no effective treatment validated for patients with Ebola virus disease (EVD). Among the drug candidates is the broad-spectrum polymerase inhibitor favipiravir, which showed a good tolerance profile in patients with EVD (JI...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Guedj J,Piorkowski G,Jacquot F,Madelain V,Nguyen THT,Rodallec A,Gunther S,Carbonnelle C,Mentré F,Raoul H,de Lamballerie X

更新日期：2018-03-27 00:00:00

abstract：:Substantial progress has been made towards the goal of ending the HIV/AIDS epidemic due to advancements in both prevention and treatment of HIV. However, major challenges still remain. We describe basic principles of epidemic control in the context of HIV and identify a number of attainable goals in terms of control a...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Jones J,Sullivan PS,Curran JW

更新日期：2019-01-18 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Policymakers worldwide are considering requiring warnings for sugary drinks. A growing number of experimental studies have examined sugary drink warnings' impacts, but no research to our knowledge has synthesized this literature. To inform ongoing policy debates, this study aimed to identify the effects of s...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Grummon AH,Hall MG

更新日期：2020-05-20 00:00:00

abstract：:Considerable progress has been made in reducing maternal, newborn, and child mortality worldwide, but many more deaths could be prevented if effective interventions were available to all who could benefit from them. Timely, high-quality measurements of intervention coverage--the proportion of a population in need of a...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Bryce J,Arnold F,Blanc A,Hancioglu A,Newby H,Requejo J,Wardlaw T,CHERG Working Group on Improving Coverage Measurement.

更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific T cell responses are critical for spontaneous resolution of HCV viremia. Here we examined the effect of a lymphotropic virus, HIV-1, on the ability of coinfected patients to maintain spontaneous control of HCV infection. METHODS AND FINDINGS:We measured T cell responsiveness...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Kim AY,Schulze zur Wiesch J,Kuntzen T,Timm J,Kaufmann DE,Duncan JE,Jones AM,Wurcel AG,Davis BT,Gandhi RT,Robbins GK,Allen TM,Chung RT,Lauer GM,Walker BD

更新日期：2006-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:The contribution of low-penetrant susceptibility variants to cancer is not clear. With the aim of searching for genetic factors that contribute to cancer at one or more sites in the body, we have analyzed familial aggregation of cancer in extended families based on all cancer cases diagnosed in Iceland over ...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Amundadottir LT,Thorvaldsson S,Gudbjartsson DF,Sulem P,Kristjansson K,Arnason S,Gulcher JR,Bjornsson J,Kong A,Thorsteinsdottir U,Stefansson K

更新日期：2004-12-01 00:00:00

abstract：BACKGROUND:Antenatal corticosteroid therapy (ACT) is used clinically to prepare the fetal lung for impending preterm birth, but animal and human studies link corticosteroids to smaller birth size. Whether ACT is associated with birth size is debated; therefore, we assessed differences in birth size in treated versus un...

journal_title：PLoS medicine

authors： Rodriguez A,Wang Y,Ali Khan A,Cartwright R,Gissler M,Järvelin MR

更新日期：2019-02-26 00:00:00