Abstract:
:Previous work suggested that sulfhydryl groups and disulfide bridges have important functions in opioid binding to the delta opioid receptor. The question regarding which cysteines are essential for ligand binding was approached by replacement of cysteine residues in the cloned delta opioid receptor using site-directed mutagenesis. The wild-type and mutant receptors were expressed stably in Chinese hamster ovary cells. The two extracellular cysteine residues and the six located in transmembrane domains were mutated to serine or alanine, one at a time. Replacement of either of the extracellular cysteines produced a receptor devoid of delta agonist and antagonist binding activity. Immunofluorescence cytochemistry, performed with anti delta opioid receptor antibodies in washed cell monolayers in one of these mutants (Cys-Ser121), and immunoblots, performed on cell extracts, indicate that the receptor was expressed and seems to be associated with the cell membrane. The existence of an essential extracellular disulfide bridge, previously postulated by analogy to other G protein coupled receptors, is strongly supported by our results. Replacement of any one of the six transmembrane cysteines was virtually without effect on the ability of the receptor to bind delta agonists and antagonists. Since there is strong evidence that the transmembrane domains are involved in ligand binding, these results suggest that the cysteine residues, even those near or at the binding site, are not essential for receptor binding. Furthermore, these results support the idea that the striking effects of sulfhydryl reagents on ligand binding of opioid receptors are likely to be due to steric hindrance by the large moieties transferred to the sulfhydryl groups of cysteine residues by these reagents.
journal_name
Can J Physiol Pharmacoljournal_title
Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacologyauthors
Ehrlich GK,Andria ML,Zheng X,Kieffer B,Gioannini TL,Hiller JM,Rosenkranz JE,Veksler BM,Zukin RS,Simon EJsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-03-01 00:00:00pages
269-77issue
3eissn
0008-4212issn
1205-7541journal_volume
76pub_type
杂志文章abstract::Glucagon in small intravenous (i.v.) doses markedly increases glomerular filtration rate (GFR) in normal anesthetized dogs. In this study, the effects of glucagon 5 mug/min (i.v.) on renal hemodynamics was tested in four canine models of acute pre-renal failure (hemorrhage, barbiturate overdose; renal arterial clampin...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y75-091
更新日期:1975-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Histamine and specific H1- and H2-receptor agonists and antagonists in conjunction with phentolamine and (or) reserpine pretreatment were used to characterize histamine receptor(s) in the seminal vesicle of rat and guinea pig. Stimulation of H1 receptors produced a contraction whereas that of H2 receptors inhibited th...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y81-122
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abstract::In mature (450-600 g) 21 degrees C-acclimated male rats, anaesthetized with urethane, blood flow (measured by the radioactive microsphere technique) to brown adipose tissue (BAT) was determined during the infusion of the beta-adrenoceptor agonist BRL 28410 or noradrenaline bitartrate at doses chosen to give similar in...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y86-189
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abstract::The responses of the circular muscle of canine colon to stimulation of intrinsic nerves and to the probable mediators of these nerves were studied in vivo. In vivo studies were carried out using close intra-arterial injections and local field stimulation of proximal, mid-, and distal colon while recording circumferent...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y88-060
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abstract::In order to understand the mechanisms of exercise intolerance and muscle fatigue, which are commonly observed in congestive heart failure, we studied sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) Ca(2+)-transport in the hind-leg skeletal muscle of rats subjected to myocardial infarction (MI). Sham-operated animals were used for compari...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y04-051
更新日期:2004-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The level of circulating triacylglycerols is determined by the balance between their delivery into the plasma and their removal from it. Plasma triacylglycerols are derived either from dietary fat as chylomicrons or from endogenous hepatic synthesis as very low density lipoproteins. Their removal occurs through the ac...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/y91-242
更新日期:1991-11-01 00:00:00
abstract::The goal of the present study was to investigate the formation of portacaval shunts in a new experimental model of chronic portal hypertension, portal vein stenosis in the cat. The procedure gradually occluded the portal vein by use of an Ameroid constrictor around the portal vein. After 4 weeks, the portal vein was c...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y93-098
更新日期:1993-09-01 00:00:00
abstract::The hypothesis was examined that phenoxybenzamine enhances both the overflow of noradrenaline and the mechanical response in guinea pig vas deferens by blockade of presynaptic inhibitory receptors located on adrenergic nerve terminals which serve a negative-feedback function. Preparations were stimulated with a consta...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y79-108
更新日期:1979-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AHR) has physiological roles in the absence of exposure to exogenous ligands, and mediates adaptive and toxic responses to the environmental pollutant 2,3,7,8-tetracholorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD). A readily metabolized AHR agonist, 3-methylcholanthrene, disrupts the expression of mouse he...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y2012-099
更新日期:2012-10-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/y91-153
更新日期:1991-07-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y84-216
更新日期:1984-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::In our previous study, l-carnitine was shown to have cytoprotective effect against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced injury in human normal HL7702 hepatocytes. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the protective effect of l-carnitine was associated with the nuclear factor erythroid 2 (NFE2)-related factor 2...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2015-0305
更新日期:2016-05-01 00:00:00
abstract::The present study was designed to investigate the effects of YC-1, a nitric oxide (NO)-independent soluble guanylate cyclase (sGC) activator, and DEA/NO, a NO donor, on smooth muscle responses in the preeclampsia model with suramin-treated rats and on the levels of cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP) of thoracic aor...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
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doi:10.1139/cjpp-2013-0086
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abstract::Some current questions regarding muscle afferent receptors are discussed. These include the significance of variable distribution patterns of muscle spindles in different muscles and of differences in intrinsic spindle morphology. The significance of the very large and variable population of small myelinated afferent ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y81-100
更新日期:1981-07-01 00:00:00
abstract::The Na+/H+ exchanger isoform 1 is an integral membrane protein that regulates intracellular pH. It extrudes 1 intracellular H+ in exchange for 1 extracellular Na+. It has 2 large domains, an N-terminal membrane domain of 12 transmembrane segments and an intracellular C-terminal regulatory domain. We characterized the ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y06-081
更新日期:2007-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effect of ionizing radiation on jejunal blood flow was investigated in rats receiving whole-body exposure to 10 Gy gamma-radiation. Irradiation resulted in increased myeloperoxidase activity, indicative of neutrophil infiltration, and prostaglandin E2 synthesis by 2 h post-irradiation, but had no effect on leukotr...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y95-090
更新日期:1995-06-01 00:00:00
abstract::The effects of acute hypercapnia on human thermoregulation during cold exposure were investigated by immersion of eight male subjects to the neck in a 15 degrees C water bath until their core temperatures dropped to 35 degrees C or until 1 h of immersion had elapsed. Air was inspired throughout each experiment, with t...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 临床试验,杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y94-037
更新日期:1994-03-01 00:00:00
abstract::The lysosomal protease cathepsin D increased markedly in brown adipocytes during differentiation in primary cultures. Differentiated cells had 20 times the amount of immunoreactive cathepsin D found in preadipocytes. Cathepsin D mRNA, as estimated by relative RT-PCR, was also present in higher amounts in differentiate...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y02-067
更新日期:2002-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
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doi:10.1139/cjpp-2014-0546
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:
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abstract::Altered cytochrome P450-catalyzed metabolism of 17beta-estradiol (E2) and estrone (E1) in the liver and (or) extrahepatic tissues may affect estrogen-sensitive tumorigenesis. We examined the effects of oral treatments of (i) indole-3-carbinol (13C) at 250 or 500 mg/kg or beta-naphthoflavone (beta-NF) at 40 mg/kg of bo...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
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更新日期:2001-06-01 00:00:00
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y77-076
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abstract::The metabolism of endogenous and exogenous diacylglycerol (DG) was studied in SM-3 cells derived from rabbit aortic smooth muscle to determine the biochemical step(s) responsible for degrading DG second messengers. Incubation of growth-arrested SM-3 cells with [3H]myristate for 2 h resulted in selective labelling of c...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1997-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM) is a multifactorial disease characterized by left ventricular dilation that is associated with systolic dysfunction and increased action potential duration. The Kir2.x K⁺ channels (encoded by KCNJ genes) regulate the inward rectifier current (IK1) contributing to the final repolarization i...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2012-0413
更新日期:2013-08-01 00:00:00
abstract::Radiolabelled acetylsalicylic acid (ASA) and salicylic acid (SA) were given intravenously to four near-term ewes and their occurrence in both maternal and fetal plasma was ascertained using a specific thin-layer chromatographic analysis procedure. Findings proved that ASA and SA cross the placental barrier and reach d...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y84-070
更新日期:1984-04-01 00:00:00
abstract::Beat-to-beat variability of cardiac action potential duration (short-term variability, SV) is a common feature of various cardiac preparations, including the human heart. Although it is believed to be one of the best arrhythmia predictors, the underlying mechanisms are not fully understood at present. The magnitude of...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章,评审
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2016-0597
更新日期:2017-10-01 00:00:00
abstract::Using radioligand binding techniques, the effect of reserpine pretreatment on ventricular adrenergic receptors from guinea pig was studied. [3H]Prazosin and [3H]dihydroalprenolol were used to label alpha 1- and beta-adrenergic receptors, respectively. Administration of 2.5 mg/kg reserpine for 2 days caused a significa...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/y84-003
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journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2020-0134
更新日期:2020-08-18 00:00:00
abstract::There is increasing evidence for a beneficial effect of ginseng on cardiac pathology. Here, we determined whether North American ginseng can modulate the deleterious effects of the β-adrenoceptor agonist isoproterenol on cardiac hypertrophy and function using in vitro and in vivo approaches. Isoproterenol was administ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:10.1139/cjpp-2016-0337
更新日期:2016-12-01 00:00:00
abstract::A variety of porphyrinogenic xenobiotics cause mechanism-based inactivation of a number of rat hepatic cytochrome P450 isozymes. As a result, a mixture of four N-alkylprotoporphyin IX (N-alkylPP) regioisomers, with ferrochelatase-inhibitory properties, are formed. This study was designed to determine whether all four ...
journal_title:Canadian journal of physiology and pharmacology
pub_type: 杂志文章
doi:
更新日期:1996-08-01 00:00:00