Abstract：
:The war against substance abuse continues in today's society and the sports world often seems to be in the middle of all the attention, especially among the media. New recreational drugs arrive on the scene from time to time, much like GHB, but the predominant substances of abuse continue to be marijuana, cocaine, and alcohol. As research evolves in efforts to stay current and determine any potential performance effects of new substances, the literature has changed very little regarding the more common recreational drug and their effects on athletic participation. New studies are emerging comparing recreational drug use among athletes versus nonathletes. Findings include differences among these groups regarding individual sports, team sports, contact versus noncontact sports, and gender-specific sports. Higher risk-taking behavior contribute to these findings and is known to be more prevalent among an athletic population. Overall, illicit drug use in America in 1996 remained about the same as in 1995 after rising steadily since the early 1990s. About 13 million Americans used drugs at least monthly in 1996, up slightly from 12.8 million in 1995. Teenage drug and alcohol use fell to 9% in 1996, down from 10.9% in 1995. Attempts to recognize the early signs of substance abuse and identify those athletes "at risk" of experimenting with elicit drugs are paramount to the optimal treatment response program. The preparticipation examination remains the best initial format for establishing a sound physician-patient relationship. A thorough history including risk factors, family history, and personnel tendencies toward substance abuse should be obtained followed by an ongoing relationship between the athlete and his team physician. The better rapport between the athlete and team physician, the higher likelihood of early recognition of a developing substance abuse problem. Likewise, the earliest intervention usually leads to the most optimal treatment response.
journal_name
Clin Sports Medjournal_title
Clinics in sports medicineauthors
Iven VGdoi
10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70079-xsubject
Has Abstractpub_date
1998-04-01 00:00:00pages
245-59issue
2eissn
0278-5919issn
1556-228Xpii
S0278-5919(05)70079-Xjournal_volume
17pub_type
杂志文章,评审abstract：:In a time of declining reimbursement for patient care services, establishing an in-office IME company enables orthopedic practices to generate additional revenue to subsidize clinical activities without compromising the credibility and integrity of their physicians; however, the decision to enter the medical/legal con...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(01)00004-7
更新日期：2002-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An increasing number of revision ACL reconstructions are being performed each year. Revision ACL surgery is challenging and cannot be approached in the same manner as primary ACL surgery. Successful revision ACL surgery requires a detailed history, a comprehensive physical examination, appropriate radiologic studies, ...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70133-2
更新日期：1999-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Concussion is one of the most hotly debated topics in sports medicine today. Research surrounding concussion has experienced significant growth recently, especially in the areas of incidence, assessment, and recovery. However, there is limited research on the most effective rehabilitation approaches for this injury. T...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2014.12.005
更新日期：2015-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Boxers are not immune from the abuse of drugs. This article outlines the history of drug taking in boxing and sport in general. The current criteria that constitute doping, and prohibited substances and methods in and out of competition, according to guidelines issued by the World Anti-Doping Agency, are listed. Drugs...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2009.06.005
更新日期：2009-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Focal cartilage defects in the knee are commonly found on MRI and arthroscopically. When these lesions are symptomatic and fail nonoperative management several surgical strategies are available. Common surgical techniques include reparative (ie, microfracture) and restorative procedures (ie, autologous chondrocyte imp...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2017.12.008
更新日期：2018-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The decision to incorporate ortho-biologics into a clinical practice will ultimately depend on physicians' preferences and the resources available to their practice. It is important to emphasize that different biologics are used for different pathologies/injuries and in different settings, such as the operating room o...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2018.08.008
更新日期：2019-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Complications associated with hip arthroscopy occur between 1.6% and 5%. Fortunately, with the greater understanding of the causes and advancements in techniques and equipment, the incidence is declining. Most of the complications were transient neuropraxias and fluid extravasations resulting in no permanent damage. S...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70288-x
更新日期：2001-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Evaluation of injured-knee laxity is essential for treatment selection, clinical follow-up, and research. Interest in rotatory knee laxity increased with implementation of anatomic anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction. The pivot shift test represents a link between static testing with 1° of freedom and dynamic te...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2012.08.005
更新日期：2013-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Although conventional radiographs continue to be used as a primary method for the diagnosis of stress fractures, the limitations of radiography in early detection have been increasingly recognized. Advanced imaging techniques, including radionuclide methods, and more recently, MR imaging, have increasingly been employ...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70022-3
更新日期：1997-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Intrasubstance tears of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) are being diagnosed with increasing frequency in the skeletally immature. Management options include nonoperative/ early surgical, or delayed surgical reconstruction. Nonoperative/delayed reconstruction results in worse functional outcomes than early reconst...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2016.08.003
更新日期：2017-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Athletes consistently recruit or transfer high levels of repetitive force through the spine. Proper force transmission from the legs to the hips and pelvis and through the trunk is vital. Hip and pelvis joint restrictions and muscle strength deficits coupled with poor endurance of the trunk muscle will lead to spinal ...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2012.03.003
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Since its introduction, unicompartmental knee arthroplasty has been controversial because of poor early clinical outcomes due to implant design, bony fixation, surgical instrumentation, and technique. Improvements in surgical technique and implant design have resulted in improved results and greater survivorship. The ...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2013.08.007
更新日期：2014-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:In sports medicine, the practice of ethics presents many unique challenges because of the unusual clinical environment of caring for players within the context of a team whose primary goal is to win. Ethical issues frequently arise because a doctor-patient-team triad often replaces the traditional doctor-patient relat...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 历史文章,杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2015.10.004
更新日期：2016-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:An increased knowledge of the biomechanics of normal walking and running will improve our understanding of the possible mechanisms of pathology and ultimately improve the treatment of pathology and injury. Running, a natural extension of walking, involves increased velocities, joint range of motion, forces, muscle act...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1994-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Posterolateral rotatory instability of the elbow may be a cause of significant impairment of daily activities. The diagnosis is a clinical one, based on the history and physical examination. Imaging studies are often inconclusive because of the variable anatomy of the radio-ulnohumeral ligamentous complex. Surgical re...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2010.06.008
更新日期：2010-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Eye injuries in sports have an estimated incidence near 15%. These injuries can have a wide range of severity with a risk profile that is different for each individual sport. It is important to screen for and protect any functionally one-eyed athletes before athletic participation. Protective eyewear has been proposed...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2012.12.005
更新日期：2013-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Athletes, like other patients, will adhere to their treatment more readily if they believe the physician really understands their needs and cares about them as individuals. The guidelines provided in this article are intended to help the practitioner respond more effectively to each individual patient because effectiv...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1991-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Military service members comprise a young and physically active population who are at increased risk for musculoskeletal injuries and conditions related to sports and physical training. Even during times of war, musculoskeletal injuries and conditions related to sports and physical training, not associated with combat...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2014.06.004
更新日期：2014-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:This review focuses on travel stress in athletes. An outline of the circadian system is presented, followed by an explanation of how disturbances to its regulation are related to jet lag. There are consequences of jet lag that affect exercise performance and health. Measures to ameliorate adverse effects of jet lag in...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2004.12.004
更新日期：2005-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Many types of spinal abnormalities can have an impact on an athlete’s ability to participate in sports. One of the challenges in the current era is distinguishing the clinically relevant lesions from the incidental. Almost without exception, a Chiarimal formation, significant syringomyelia or other cyst compressing th...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2012.03.008
更新日期：2012-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Foot and ankle injuries are common in sport. Although many available imaging techniques can be useful in identifying and classifying injuries, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides high levels of sensitivity and specificity for articular and soft-tissue injuries. Arthroscopic and minimally invasive treatment techn...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2013.03.007
更新日期：2013-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors discuss the clinical characteristics and treatment of such overuse injuries of the foot as plantar fasciitis, Haglund's syndrome, Jones' fracture, and tarsal navicular stress fractures. A consideration of orthotic devices is also provided. ...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1987-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A methodical approach to the evaluation of patients with anterior knee pain is extremely helpful. By exploring salient points from the patient's symptoms and history and adding important data from a comprehensive physical examination, the pieces of the puzzle can be fitted together and an accurate diagnosis can be mad...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1989-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:During the last few decades, the role of sports and physical activity has become more and more important in all modern communities. The risk of tendon injury has thus increased, and prevention has become important. Epidemiologic studies are important when planning prevention programs for tendon injuries. Because of in...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(03)00004-8
更新日期：2003-10-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Compressive neuropathies of the median and radial nerves in the region of the elbow are a frequent cause of pain and weakness as well as sensory complaints. The problems associated with these neuropathies can be as severe and disabling as the more commonly encountered ulnar nerve neuropathies discussed elsewhere in th...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1990-04-01 00:00:00
abstract：:A high-velocity knee dislocation is a true orthopedic emergency. A high index of suspicion is necessary to identify reduced knee dislocations in multiple trauma patients. Coexisting injuries are common in patients with high-velocity knee dislocations. After an initial assessment, the knee joint should be reduced immed...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70218-0
更新日期：2000-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The understanding and treatment of the young athlete's knee has improved and continues to do so as arthroscopy and good long-term follow-up studies guide the process. In the management of epiphyseal fractures about the knee the presence of associated ligament injury and the high likelihood of a growth plate injury is ...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：
更新日期：1988-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:Surgical treatment of patellar dislocations, acute and chronic, has evolved significantly over the past decade with the advance of biomechanical knowledge of patellofemoral restraints and injury patterns identified by physical examination and improved imaging techniques. There continues to be no consensus on treatment...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(02)00031-5
更新日期：2002-07-01 00:00:00
abstract：:With the increasing reliance on tissue allografts in orthopedic reconstructive and sports surgery, there is a realistic concern on behalf of both the surgeon and the patient as to the safety of these implanted tissues and the possibility of disease transmission. New Food and Drug Administration guidelines in associati...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/j.csm.2008.08.002
更新日期：2009-01-01 00:00:00
abstract：:The authors offer concise procedural advice for arthroscopic treatment of flexion contractures of the elbow, bracketed by indications for treatment and recommendations regarding postoperative complications. ...
journal_title：Clinics in sports medicine
pub_type： 杂志文章,评审
doi：10.1016/s0278-5919(05)70250-7
更新日期：2001-01-01 00:00:00
